Music Appreciation Semester 1
An orchestra toward the end of the Romantic period might include close to
100 musicians
the renaissance, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years
1450-1600
the baroque period in western music is usually given as
1600-1700
baroque style flourished in music during the period
1600-1750
The classical period, encompassed the years
1750-1820
classical, as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years
1750-1820
The Romantic, as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years
1820-1900
the romantic as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years
1820-1900
of bach's 20 children,
4 became well known composers
baroque trio sonatas usually involve
4 performers
staccato
Detached or disconnected in sound or style
The symphonic poem or tone poem, a one movement orchestral composition based to some extent on literary or pictorial ideas was created by
Franz Liszt
A romantic composer who earned his living as a touring virtuoso was
Liszt
is a standard adopted by manufacturers for interfacing synthesizer equipment
MIDI
The third symphony of Beethoven was originally composed to commemorate the deeds of ________ as an embodiment of heroism and democratic ideals
Napoleon
Because of the French Revolution and the _______ many aristocrats could no longer afford to maintain private opera houses, orchestras, and "composers in residence"
Napoleonic Wars
legato
Smooth and connected
Mozart's finest German opera is
The Magic Flute
a collection of twice twenty four preludes and fugues, one in each major and minor key, basic to the repertoire of keyboard players today is Bach's
Well-Tempered Clavier
the middle baroque was characterized by
a diffusion of the style into every corner of europe
in a pure sense, symphony may be defined as
a musical composition usually in four movements, the greatest classical-period contribution to orchestral music, an extended ambitious composition exploiting the expanded range of tone color and dynamics of the classical orchestra
is a play set to music sung to orchestral accompaniment with scenery costumes and action
a opera
melody may be defined as
a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole
The renaissance madrigal is a
a short piece for several solo voices set to a poem, usually about love
Beethoven
all of the above (was a brilliant pianist, was self-educated and had read widely but was weak in arithmetic, began to feel the first symptoms of deafness in his late twenties)
music can be defined as
an art based on the organization of sounds in time
is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work
an overture
Liszt's piano works are characterized by
an unprecedented range of dynamics, rapid octaves and daring leaps, arpeggio's (all of the above)
Most of Chopin's pieces
are exquisite miniatures
Schubert's primary source of income came from his
musical compositions
We have a record of Beethoven's struggle with his musical material because of his habit of carrying
musical sketchbooks
Drawing creative inspiration from the folk songs, dances, and legends of a composer's homeland is
nationalism
the word baroque has at various times meant all of the following except
naturalistic
In Beethoven's music the coda is
often expanded and serves to develop themes further
George Frederic Handel was born in 1685 the same year as
Bach
Mendelssohn earned an international reputation and rekindled an interest in an earlier composer's music by conducting the first performance of
Bach's St. Matthew Passion since his death
The composer whose career was a model for many Romantic composers was
Beethoven
the rondo may be schematically outlined as
abacaba
the music director of a court in the baroque period
all of the above ( supervised and directed the musical performances, composed much of the music, was responsible for the discipline of the other musicians)
musical texture refers to
all of the above (how many different layers are heard at the same time, what kinds of layers of sound are heard (melody or harmony), how many layers of sound are related to each other)
The rise of the urban middle class led to the
all of the above (piano becoming a fixture in middle class homes, formation of many orchestras and opera groups, and the development of regular subscription concerts)
By the age of six Mozart could
all of the above (play the harpsichord and violin, improvise fugues and write minuets, read music perfectly at sight)
a transitional passage that leads to a contrasting section is called a
bridge
instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in the
classical period
the three main sections of a sonata-form movement are often followed by a concluding section known as the
coda
In composing music, Mozart
composed extended works completely in his mind
Renaissance music sounds more full than medieval music because
composers considered the harmonic effect of chords rather than superimposing melodies on top of each other, the bass registrer is used for the first time, the typical choral piece has four, five, or six voice parts of nearly equal melodic interest
Haydn's duties while in the service of the Esterhazys included
composing music requested by his patron, conducting the orchestras of about 25 players, coaching the singers for operatic performances
the movement in which the catholic church sought to correct abuses and malpractices within its structure is known as
counter-reformation
an estampie is a medieval
dance
an attempt was made to purify the Catholic church music as a result of
deliberations of the Council of trent
Beethoven greatly expanded the ___________ section of the sonata form movement and made it more dramatic.
development
a long sustained tone or tones accompanying a melody is a
drone
Which of the following is not a characteristic aspect of Romanticism in literature and painting?
emotional restraint
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Romanticism in music?
emotional restraint
A study piece designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties is known as an
etude
Fascination with national identity also led composers to draw on colorful materials from foreign lands, a trend known as musical
exoticisim
Classical chamber music is designed
for the intimate setting of a small room
a polyphonic composition based on one main theme, a cornerstone of baroque music is the
fugue
the position of composer during the baroque period was that of an
high class servant with few personal rights
in general the smaller the vibrating element the
higher its pitch
the early baroque was characterized by
homophonic texture
A classical concerto is a three-movement work for
instrumental soloist and orchestra
Gregorian chant is named after Pope Gregory I who
is credited by medieval legend with having created it even though it evolved over many centuries
Mozart's symphony no. 40
is one of his last three symphonies
Unity is achieved in the classical symphony partly by the use of the same
key in three of its four movements
a shift from one key to another within the same composition is called
modulation
the sonata in the baroque was a composition in several movements for
one to eight instruments
a large scale composition for chorus, soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text is called
oratorio
In addition to being a composer and opera impresario, Handel was a virtuoso
organist
bringing the printed symbols of a page of music to life is the job of the
performer
Until the age of 36, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso
pianist
A very important musical part of every middle class home during the romantic period was the
piano
plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called
pizzicato
in medieval times most polyphonic music was created by
placing new melodic lines against known chants
in the middle ages most important musicians were
priests
the scherzo differs from the minuet in that it moves more
quickly
During the renaissance, every educated person was expected to
read music, play an instrument, and be skilled in dance
most of the conductors work is done in the
rehearsal
the compelling drive and energy in baroque music is usually provided by
repeated rhythmic patterns
A slight slowing down or speeding up of the tempo, characteristically employed in the performance of much romantic music is
rubato
Hadyn's contract of employment shows that he was considered a skilled
servant
Gregorian chant was
set to sacred latin texts, retained some elements of Jewish synagogue, and was the official music of the Roman Catholic Church for more than 1,000 years
An art song is a musical composition for
solo voice and piano
Mendelssohn's Concerto for Violin in E minor opens with a
soloist who presents the main theme
the character of the minuet is best described as
stately and dignified
the typical orchestra of the classical period consisted of
strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and tympani
Besides his musical achievements, Mendelssohn was a
talented painter, fine writer, and brilliant conversationalist in four languages (all of the above)
is the person who keeps time, indicates expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among instruments and voices
the conductor
The French secular songs of the middle ages usually dealt with
the crusades, spinning, love (all of the above)
Clara Wieck was
the daughter of Schumann's piano teacher, a virtuoso pianist, and Schumann's wife
the notre dame mass by guillaume de machaut was
the first polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer
brass instruments did not acquire valves until
the middle of the 19th century
form in music is
the organization of ideas in time
Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach and Johann Christian Bach
were two of the more important pre-Classical composers
The Renaissance may be described as an age of
the rebirth of human creativity
terraced dynamics refers to
the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another
the orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on the instruments of
the violin family
harmony refers to
the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other
the prospering middle class in the classical period sought aristocratic luxuries such as
theater, music, literature (all of the above)
tone color is synonymous with
timbre
Robert Schumann founded and edited the New Journal of Music
to promote musical originality and combat the commercial trash that flooded the market
the sense of relatedness to a central tone is known as
tonality
The French Overture has
two sections; slow-fast
the classical string quartet is a musical composition for
two violins, one viola, and one cello
the first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone wit the price of admission opened in 1637 in
venice
vivaldi was famous and influential as a
virtuoso violinist
most medieval music was
vocal
Between the ages of 6 and 15, Mozart
was continually on tour in England and Europe
