Music Appreciation Semester 1

An orchestra toward the end of the Romantic period might include close to

100 musicians

the renaissance, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years

1450-1600

the baroque period in western music is usually given as

1600-1700

baroque style flourished in music during the period

1600-1750

The classical period, encompassed the years

1750-1820

classical, as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years

1750-1820

The Romantic, as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years

1820-1900

the romantic as a stylistic period in western music encompassed the years

1820-1900

of bach's 20 children,

4 became well known composers

baroque trio sonatas usually involve

4 performers

staccato

Detached or disconnected in sound or style

The symphonic poem or tone poem, a one movement orchestral composition based to some extent on literary or pictorial ideas was created by

Franz Liszt

A romantic composer who earned his living as a touring virtuoso was

Liszt

is a standard adopted by manufacturers for interfacing synthesizer equipment

MIDI

The third symphony of Beethoven was originally composed to commemorate the deeds of ________ as an embodiment of heroism and democratic ideals

Napoleon

Because of the French Revolution and the _______ many aristocrats could no longer afford to maintain private opera houses, orchestras, and "composers in residence"

Napoleonic Wars

legato

Smooth and connected

Mozart's finest German opera is

The Magic Flute

a collection of twice twenty four preludes and fugues, one in each major and minor key, basic to the repertoire of keyboard players today is Bach's

Well-Tempered Clavier

the middle baroque was characterized by

a diffusion of the style into every corner of europe

in a pure sense, symphony may be defined as

a musical composition usually in four movements, the greatest classical-period contribution to orchestral music, an extended ambitious composition exploiting the expanded range of tone color and dynamics of the classical orchestra

is a play set to music sung to orchestral accompaniment with scenery costumes and action

a opera

melody may be defined as

a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole

The renaissance madrigal is a

a short piece for several solo voices set to a poem, usually about love

Beethoven

all of the above (was a brilliant pianist, was self-educated and had read widely but was weak in arithmetic, began to feel the first symptoms of deafness in his late twenties)

music can be defined as

an art based on the organization of sounds in time

is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work

an overture

Liszt's piano works are characterized by

an unprecedented range of dynamics, rapid octaves and daring leaps, arpeggio's (all of the above)

Most of Chopin's pieces

are exquisite miniatures

Schubert's primary source of income came from his

musical compositions

We have a record of Beethoven's struggle with his musical material because of his habit of carrying

musical sketchbooks

Drawing creative inspiration from the folk songs, dances, and legends of a composer's homeland is

nationalism

the word baroque has at various times meant all of the following except

naturalistic

In Beethoven's music the coda is

often expanded and serves to develop themes further

George Frederic Handel was born in 1685 the same year as

Bach

Mendelssohn earned an international reputation and rekindled an interest in an earlier composer's music by conducting the first performance of

Bach's St. Matthew Passion since his death

The composer whose career was a model for many Romantic composers was

Beethoven

the rondo may be schematically outlined as

abacaba

the music director of a court in the baroque period

all of the above ( supervised and directed the musical performances, composed much of the music, was responsible for the discipline of the other musicians)

musical texture refers to

all of the above (how many different layers are heard at the same time, what kinds of layers of sound are heard (melody or harmony), how many layers of sound are related to each other)

The rise of the urban middle class led to the

all of the above (piano becoming a fixture in middle class homes, formation of many orchestras and opera groups, and the development of regular subscription concerts)

By the age of six Mozart could

all of the above (play the harpsichord and violin, improvise fugues and write minuets, read music perfectly at sight)

a transitional passage that leads to a contrasting section is called a

bridge

instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in the

classical period

the three main sections of a sonata-form movement are often followed by a concluding section known as the

coda

In composing music, Mozart

composed extended works completely in his mind

Renaissance music sounds more full than medieval music because

composers considered the harmonic effect of chords rather than superimposing melodies on top of each other, the bass registrer is used for the first time, the typical choral piece has four, five, or six voice parts of nearly equal melodic interest

Haydn's duties while in the service of the Esterhazys included

composing music requested by his patron, conducting the orchestras of about 25 players, coaching the singers for operatic performances

the movement in which the catholic church sought to correct abuses and malpractices within its structure is known as

counter-reformation

an estampie is a medieval

dance

an attempt was made to purify the Catholic church music as a result of

deliberations of the Council of trent

Beethoven greatly expanded the ___________ section of the sonata form movement and made it more dramatic.

development

a long sustained tone or tones accompanying a melody is a

drone

Which of the following is not a characteristic aspect of Romanticism in literature and painting?

emotional restraint

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Romanticism in music?

emotional restraint

A study piece designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties is known as an

etude

Fascination with national identity also led composers to draw on colorful materials from foreign lands, a trend known as musical

exoticisim

Classical chamber music is designed

for the intimate setting of a small room

a polyphonic composition based on one main theme, a cornerstone of baroque music is the

fugue

the position of composer during the baroque period was that of an

high class servant with few personal rights

in general the smaller the vibrating element the

higher its pitch

the early baroque was characterized by

homophonic texture

A classical concerto is a three-movement work for

instrumental soloist and orchestra

Gregorian chant is named after Pope Gregory I who

is credited by medieval legend with having created it even though it evolved over many centuries

Mozart's symphony no. 40

is one of his last three symphonies

Unity is achieved in the classical symphony partly by the use of the same

key in three of its four movements

a shift from one key to another within the same composition is called

modulation

the sonata in the baroque was a composition in several movements for

one to eight instruments

a large scale composition for chorus, soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text is called

oratorio

In addition to being a composer and opera impresario, Handel was a virtuoso

organist

bringing the printed symbols of a page of music to life is the job of the

performer

Until the age of 36, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso

pianist

A very important musical part of every middle class home during the romantic period was the

piano

plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called

pizzicato

in medieval times most polyphonic music was created by

placing new melodic lines against known chants

in the middle ages most important musicians were

priests

the scherzo differs from the minuet in that it moves more

quickly

During the renaissance, every educated person was expected to

read music, play an instrument, and be skilled in dance

most of the conductors work is done in the

rehearsal

the compelling drive and energy in baroque music is usually provided by

repeated rhythmic patterns

A slight slowing down or speeding up of the tempo, characteristically employed in the performance of much romantic music is

rubato

Hadyn's contract of employment shows that he was considered a skilled

servant

Gregorian chant was

set to sacred latin texts, retained some elements of Jewish synagogue, and was the official music of the Roman Catholic Church for more than 1,000 years

An art song is a musical composition for

solo voice and piano

Mendelssohn's Concerto for Violin in E minor opens with a

soloist who presents the main theme

the character of the minuet is best described as

stately and dignified

the typical orchestra of the classical period consisted of

strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and tympani

Besides his musical achievements, Mendelssohn was a

talented painter, fine writer, and brilliant conversationalist in four languages (all of the above)

is the person who keeps time, indicates expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among instruments and voices

the conductor

The French secular songs of the middle ages usually dealt with

the crusades, spinning, love (all of the above)

Clara Wieck was

the daughter of Schumann's piano teacher, a virtuoso pianist, and Schumann's wife

the notre dame mass by guillaume de machaut was

the first polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer

brass instruments did not acquire valves until

the middle of the 19th century

form in music is

the organization of ideas in time

Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach and Johann Christian Bach

were two of the more important pre-Classical composers

The Renaissance may be described as an age of

the rebirth of human creativity

terraced dynamics refers to

the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another

the orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on the instruments of

the violin family

harmony refers to

the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other

the prospering middle class in the classical period sought aristocratic luxuries such as

theater, music, literature (all of the above)

tone color is synonymous with

timbre

Robert Schumann founded and edited the New Journal of Music

to promote musical originality and combat the commercial trash that flooded the market

the sense of relatedness to a central tone is known as

tonality

The French Overture has

two sections; slow-fast

the classical string quartet is a musical composition for

two violins, one viola, and one cello

the first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone wit the price of admission opened in 1637 in

venice

vivaldi was famous and influential as a

virtuoso violinist

most medieval music was

vocal

Between the ages of 6 and 15, Mozart

was continually on tour in England and Europe