MUSIC Chapter 2

A songwriter or composer who holds the copyright to a piece of music holds the exclusive legal right to sell, market, and distribute that music as he or she sees fit. In this context, the music is a(n) _____.

commodity

When the relationship of music and society is studied, the focus is on how music functions among the members of a society to _____.

foster their sense of community

Which of the following statements are true about meaning in music? (Check all that apply.)

-Music comes into existence at the intersection of sound and culture. -Music connects otherwise random and arbitrary sounds to some kind of meaning.

In the context of the patronage of music, which of the following statements are true of technology? (Check all that apply.)

-Technology is a key player in the patronage of music. -The technology used to produce, record, transmit, and disseminate music largely shapes and determines what kind of music gets heard.

What are the basic features shared by all forms of music transmission? (Check all that apply.)

-The reception of music -The production of music

What are the ways in which the tones of music acquire meaning? (Check all that apply.)

-The tones of music have meaning relative to one another. -Musical sounds acquire meaning in relation to things beyond themselves.

Identify the true statements about dance and the music that accompanies it. (Check all that apply.)

-The various forms and contexts of dancing accompanied by music occur in most social and cultural situations. -Dance and dance music have frequently been exploited for racist purposes.

Match the forms of musical transmission (in the left column) with their distinctive features (in the right column). Western classical recital Process of music making in African society

-Western classical recital The roles of music maker and music receiver are clearly separated. -Process of music making in African society Distinctions between performer and audience do not exist.

How would music be perceived without meaning?

A random assessment of sounds

Match the terms (in the left column) with their descriptions (in the right column). prompt 1 of 2 A society A society A culture

A society It is defined principally in terms of its social institutions and their operations and interactions. prompt 2 of 2 A culture A culture It is defined mainly by a collective worldview shared by its members.

Which of the following music creation processes involves planning out the design of a musical work prior to its performance?

Composition

Ethnomusicologists, to explore the music of certain musicians, conduct fieldwork that involves _____.

Ethnomusicologists, to explore the music of certain musicians, conduct fieldwork that involves _____.

What does meaning in music do?

It binds together sound and culture

Which of the following is true of the process of tradition?

It exists at the intersection of culture and music.

In the context of music and dance, which of the following statements is true?

Music and dance are regarded as mutual reflections of one another.

Identify an accurate statement about the transmission of music and musical knowledge.

Music may be transmitted directly from one person to another, "face to face."

Match the terms (in the left column) with their descriptions (in the right column). Nation-state Nation

Nation-state Members do not have political autonomy over the geographical area they claim as their homeland. prompt 2 of 2 Nation Members share a national society and culture and a national homeland. Nation Members do not have political autonomy over the geographical area they claim as their homeland.

In many world cultures, the communal performance of music, often presented in conjunction with some form of dramatic or dance presentation, is a prominent feature of _____.

Rituals

Cultural Anthropology

The Study of human behavior

Musicology

The study of musical styles

Ethnomusicology

The study of the worlds music

What is a very common feature of many musical styles in Native American and First Nations cultures?

The use of vocables

How do misleading stereotypes relating to ethnicity, gender, and race affect musical and cultural meanings?

They distort and shape musical and cultural meanings.

What does music facilitate when it serves as a bridge between the earthly world and worlds beyond?

Transcendence

True or false: Technologies largely shape both musical sound and the cultural frameworks and attitudes that give that sound meaning and identity.

True

Ethnomusicology

an interdisciplinary academic field that draws on musicology, anthropology, and other disciplines in order to study the world's musics

Unlike the people of a nation, the people of a nation-state _____.

are unified by a network of social institutions

Edward Tylor defined ___ as "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society."

culture

The term _____ refers to an international network of communities linked together by identification with a common ancestral homeland and culture.

diaspora

The interdisciplinary academic field that draws on musicology, anthropology, and other disciplines in order to study the world's musics is known as _____.

ethnomusicology

How people make and perceive music is inextricable from _____.

how they think about and represent themselves and one another

Unlike societies, cultures are rooted in _____.

ideas, beliefs, and practices that underscore social organization

People in diaspora exist in a condition of _____.

living away from their homeland with no guarantee, or even likelihood, of return

Ethnomusicologists, to explore the music of certain musicians, conduct fieldwork that involves _____.

living for an extended period of time among the musicians whose lives and music they are researching

A feature of the process of composition is that it _____.

may be done by an individual

A true statement about music in most world cultures and societies is that it _____.

may reflect spiritual beliefs about the order of the cosmos and the cycle of life

Closely aligned with issues of music ownership and commodification is the matter of _____.

music patronage

The processes by means of which music moves from one person to another, from one generation to another, from one community to another, and potentially throughout the whole world, are processes of _____.

music transmission

Sources of musical patronage have always borne directly on connections between _____.

music, class, and social status

The merging of formerly distinct styles and idioms of music into new forms of expression is referred to as _____.

musical syncretism

One musical domain in which vocables are particularly prominent is in songs that accompany the dance performances and competitions presented at First Nations intertribal celebrations called _____.

powwows

Rituals are, by definition, events that are set off from the regular course of everyday life. This separation is frequently symbolized by the _____.

presence of music in the ritual space

In some Aboriginal Australian and Amerindian cultures, songs bequeathed to particular individuals in dreams or visions are regarded as their exclusive property. No one else may perform these songs, with the possible exception of people who receive them as gifts from their original owners. In this context, the music is _____.

private property

A(n) ____ may be defined as a group of persons regarded as forming a single community of related, interdependent individuals.

society

One of the features of meaning in music is that _____.

the meaning of music is determined as much or more by matters of context as by the notes themselves

The term _____ is conceived as a process of creative transformation whose most remarkable feature is the continuity it nurtures and sustains.

tradition