MUSIC EXAM 2

Mahalia Jackson, "we shall overcome"(1963)

-new orleans native -"queen of gospel music"

What term best describes sacred harp singing?

A cappella

Sacred Harp Singing takes its name from which source?

A song book

1890s - Nevada

American Indian Ghost Dance Religion

In what language is Gregorian Chant sung?

Latin

The song "Eleggua" takes its title from which religious tradition?

santeria

Sacred harp singing uses a unique style of musical notation called what?

shape notes

One of the most famous operas of all time

"L'amour est un oiseau rebelle" from Carmen by Georges Bizet (1875) Carmen: worker at a cigarette factory in Seville, Spain; a gypsy Done Jose: a spanish soldier Micaela: don joses love interest:; a "respectable" woman Escamillo: a bullfighter

In which decade did Aretha Franklin record "Respect"?

1960s

1960s Soul Music

A style of American popular music that blended rock 'n' roll with black gospel music

The wind band tradition- LSU tiger band

-LSU military school 1893 -current campus; Tiger Band plays first halftime show 1924

Which of the following is not true of gender?

Gender norms never change

Wind band

an ensemble compromised of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments (no strings)

Betty Friedan "the feminine mystique"

challenged the idea that women should be fulfilled only through being homemakers and mothers

What style of music is being imitated in the last section of "Stars and Stripes Forever"?

drum and fife corps

Opera plots can challenge or perpetuate

gender stereotypes -History of men/women performing roles outside their assigned gender

Church Musicians in Europe developed the

major/minor scale system, musical notation, and many instruments used today

What is the texture of Gregorian Chant?

monophonic

just like music is ties to ethnicity and culture,

religious music plays a role in establishing our identities

Aretha Franklin's recording of "Respect" may have been influenced by which of the following social forces?

second-wave feminism

What is the name of the style of music that blends rhythm and blues with gospel music?

soul

The history of most Western music (classical, popular, folk, etc.) was influenced by the music of

the Catholic Church

"Eleggua" by Daymé Arocena 2010s

-Cuban jazz singer from Havana -jazz based songs influenced by Afro-Cuban music and Santeria (GOD), her religion -Modern-jazz instruments; traditional drums -lyrics spiritual

Late 1600s

-Europe at war with Ottoman Empire (modern day turkey) -these armies used percussion instruments such as cymbals, bass drums, triangle -composers began to include these instruments in classical music -ex. W.A. Mozart, "Turkish March"

Music has served many functions in war throughout history

-Military music -For entertainment -Propaganda -help people cope with war -popular and classical

Music can serve overt political purposes

-Propaganda -Campaign songs

Aretha Franklin (1942-2018)

-Raised as a gospel singer in Detroit -father was a preacher -unsuccessful with columbia so signed with atlantic -producer jerry wexler encouraged soul style

Yoruba Music

-West- african religious music -Spread to caribbean through the slave trade -Pitched drums "talking drums" Syncopation

Opera

-a staged drama that is usually sung throughout -over 2 centuries -Italy early 1600s -old classics and new innovations -all speech sung -orchestra

"I'm Going Home" from The Sacred Harp

-distinct style of a capella (unaccompanied) singing -4 voice parts in harmony; -Strict tempo and beat -Loud singing style -focus on community rather than sounds

Gregorian Chant (Medieval Period) Kyrie Chant

-earliest types of European music -Named after Pope Gregory I; used as a political tool by Charlemagne (ca. 800 CE)-- Holy Roman Emperor -Monophonic -sung in Latin -no meter -based on modes (like a scale)

Important aspects of gender identity

-gender "norms" change over time -gender roles are learned -gender roles are "performed" -perceptions of gender shape our earliest experience

Ray Charles (1930-2004)

-one of the first artists to blend popular music with gospel music -of the generation of chuck berry, but achieved popular success in the 1960s -"Georgia on my mind" (1960)

Irving Berlin, "god bless america" (1930s)

-sung by kate smith -after ww1 people needed hope that ww2 may not happen

The sacred harp is published (1844); widely adopted

-used to teach music notation -"shape notes"

Elements of gospel music from the 1960s

-virtuosic, passionate singing -improvisation -use of background singers -"vamp" section

What is the main difference between a wind band and an orchestra?

An orchestra contains string instruments and a wind band does not

According to Thursday's lecture, what was the name of the Native American musical tradition developed to help cope with the harsh realities of war in the late 19th century?

Ghost Dance

Who composed "Stars and Stripes Forever"? (1890s)

John Philip Sousa

According to the lecture, which is true of music and spirituality?

Music can serve as a spiritual ritual

Who wrote the song "Respect"?

Otis Redding

the civil rights act of 1964 passed

Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Jimi Hendrix's performance of the "Star Spangled Banner" was seen by some as protesting which world event?

The Vietnam War

1960s American Culture

Time of radical social change

Where did Jimi Hendrix give his famous performance of the "Star Spangled Banner?"

Woodstock Music Festival

Tiger Band's fight song "Tiger Rag" was based on which of the following?

a popular jazz song

What is the name of a solo song in an opera?

aria

Daymé Arocena combines jazz, classical, and popular styles with the traditional music of which country?

cuba

In class, we interpreted "This Land is Your Land" as representing a specific protest against what?

economic inequality in the US

Woody Guthrie "this land is your land" (1940s)

economic turmoil, is it really made for you and me? Protest to economic inequality

The chanting of tibetan monks is a type of

harmonic singing -more than one pitch simultaneously

In the "Habenera Scene" from Carmen, Carmen is singing about which of the following topics?

her love is like a rebellious bird, it cannot be contained

Louisiana governor Huey P. Long invests in bands as a political tool (1930s)

hires Castro Carazo to lead -develops fight song "tiger rag" from jazz

How did we interpret the first radio broadcast of "God Bless America" in class?

it was written and performed in response to American anxieties at the start of WWII

Which term refers to a group of people united by cultural traits such as shared language, ancestry, geographical origin, and other factors?

nation

Which term refers to an ideology that promotes the superiority of a particular nation over others?

nationalism

Some musical instruments became popular through their use in military settings like

percussion instruments

Perceptions of gender are based on

physical traits and behaviors that society finds important

What term is used for the style of speech-song used in opera during dialogue and to progress the plot?

recitative, replaces dialogue -type of "speech song"

In which country does the plot of Carmen take place?

spain

Which term refers to a political entity with its own government and geographical borders?

state

The words of the chants reflect

the goals of meditation -repetitive -breathing -calms mind

What is the name of the last section of "Stars and Stripes Forever" called (the section that features the piccolo)?

trio

What is the name of the repetitive section of music that comes at the end of her version of "Respect," which is directly drawn from gospel music?

vamp "just a little bit"

Since the American revolution

wind bands have been prominent in the US -Popularized during the civil war, became widespread afterwards (1896)

In the 19th century, Rural Christian churches perform

without instruments; most cant read music