My HESI FUNDAMENTALS Study Guide

which laboratory values should be monitored during course of antibiotic treatment with linezolid? a. CBC b. magnesium c. creatine d. potassium

A. CBC this med may cause bone marrow suppression, anemia, leukopenia, or pancytopenia

When applying a nasal cannula in the ED, what action is most important for the nurse to implement to ensure client safety? a. ensure the bed is in low position and the call light is within reach b. determine that all electrical equipment in the room is functioning correctly and is properly grounded c. use aseptic technique to prevent contamination when applying the cannula d. use petroleum gel on the cannula prongs to prevent irritating the nostrils

B. determine that all electrical equipment in the room is functioning correctly and is properly grounded

the nurse auscultates vesicular breath sounds in the peripheral lung fields. what action should the nurse take? a. record the presence of clear breath sounds b. tell pt that his lungs are still congested c. assist pt to cough to clear his lungs and listen again d. notify the HCP of the abnormal lung sounds

a. record the presence of clear breath sounds

A 16 French Foley catheter is successfully placed in the bladder with a return of 200mL of clear, yellow urine. The catheter is secured and the pt is resting comfortably. In documenting the catheter insertion procedure, which statement should be included? a. no prostate gland enlargement noted during insertion b. 16 French Foley catheter inserted with return of clear, yellow urine c. 5mL balloon inflated in urethra but client is now comfortable d. indwelling catheter inserted b/c pt is incontinent

b. 16 French Foley catheter inserted with return of clear yellow urine

Which side effects should nurse include when teaching about linezolid therapy? (choose all that apply) a. visual changes b. diarrhea c. abdominal cramping d. ringing ears itching

visual changes, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, itching

Nurse explains that checking for allergies prior to administering first dose of antibiotic is a precaution that reduces the risk for what potential problem? a. anaphylactic reaction b. idiosyncratic response c. synergistic effect d. drug incompatibility

A. anaphylactic reaction This is a serious life threatening allergic reaction

Pt states that prior to their stroke, they would get up five or six times during the night to empty their bladder but that they were able to control the urge long enough to make it to the bathroom. How should the nurse describe the urinary pattern that Mr. Ellis is describing? a. Dysuria b. Frequency c. Nocturia d. Diuresis

C. Nocturia-wake up in night having to pee

In assessing breath sounds, the nurse should ask the pt to perform which action? a. hold breath for 15 seconds b. observe the color of the nailbeds/lips c.cough deeply after each breath d. breath deeply through the mough

D. breath deeply through the mouth

What should be done when granulation tissue is filling an ulcer crater?

Hydrocolloid dressings should used over ulcer

The HCP prescribes a complete blood count (CBC) as part of a diagnostic workup on a pt with productive cough. what is the best explanation for this? a. CBC is obtained to assess for an elevated WBC count, which is a common finding in pneumonia except in older adults b. CBC is obtained so that HCP can rule out possibility of appendicitis c. anemia is suspected, so a CBC is drawn to measure hemoglobin and hematocrit d. sickle cell anemia is suspected and must be identified by a CBC to begin treatment

a. CBC is obtained to assess for an elevated WBC count, which is a common finding in pneumonia except in older adults

a liquid cough syrup is labeled as an antitussive. the nurse explains that this medication should have what effect: a. liquefy the respiratory secretions b. reduce the frequency of the cough c. decrease any pain with coughing d. prevent nausea due to the sputum

b. reduce the frequency of the cough

Which nursing diagnosis is most relevant to a patients current status if their O2 saturation is 88%? a. excess fluid volume b. inability to sustain spontaneous breathing c. impaired gas exchange d. decreased cardiac output

c. impaired gas exchange

what does tenacious mean when pertaining to sputum? a. color b. odor c. frequency d. consistency

d. consistency

The nurse notes that the medication dosage is in the safe range for elderly clients, which is to be administered by IV every 12 hours. the nurse recognizes that the frequency of drug administration is based on which characteristic of the medication? a. bioavailability b. protein binding c. therapeutic index d. half-life

d. half-life = how long it takes for half the does to be metabolized

What is diuresis?

increased or excessive urine production

What is granulation tissue?

new vascular tissue in granular form on an ulcer or the healing surface of a wound.

What is dysuria?

painful urination

Which diagnostic test should the nurse request a prescription for to determine if patient is developing drug toxicity? a. culture and sensitivity b. therapeutic index c. half life d. peak and trough

peak and trough peak level= highest concentration of drug in patient bloodstream trough level= lowest concentration of drug in pt bloodstream Take trough level just before next drug administration to see how much of previous dose is still in bloodstream and if it is enough to be therapeutic

What is polyuria?

production of a large volume of dilute urine similar to diuresis

What are early signs of hypoxia that regularly go unnoticed?

restlessness and fatigue

What is UREMIC SYNDROME?

serious complication of kidney disease/injury. Urea and waste products build up up because kidneys are unable to eliminate them

what is bioavailability?

the proportion of a drug or other substance that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect.

What is therapeutic index?

the ratio of the dose that elicits a lethal response in 50% of treated individuals divided by the dose that elicits a therapeutic response in 50% of treated individuals

what does a hydrocolloid dressing do?

they provide a moist environment to allow body enzymes to help heal wounds

What is oliguria?

urine output that is less than 400-500mL/24hr in adults

what should the nurse asses for during the course of antibiotic therapy? a. visual changes b. hypothermia c. rigidity d. mental status

visual changes