NAIL TECHNICIAN FINAL TEST
Which of the following is an astringent that is used to stop bleeding?
A Styptic Explanation: A powder or liquid styptic is used as an astringent to stop bleeding. Anhydrous aluminium sulfate is the active ingredient, which acts as a vasoconstrictor to disable blood flow
Which of the following is not a sign that a nail is healthy?
A somewhat translucent nail body
Applying this type of artificial nail typically involves spreading product onto nails and then letting it dry naturally, though there are other methods of application:
Acrylic nails
Which of the following products is used to protect the nail plate from being stained by dye in nail polish while also providing a strong base for the nail polish to adhere to?
Base Coat Explanation: Base coat: this is a colorless coat that protects the nail plate from being stained by the dye in nail polish while also providing a strong base to which the nail polish can adhere
According to the manicure procedure described in the course, which of the following is an appropriate way to file a nail?
Begin filing with an emery board, first with three strokes on one side of the nail toward the center and then with three strokes toward the center from the other side. Smooth over the center in one broad stroke Explanation: Begin filing with an emery board, first with three strokes on one side of the nail toward the center and then with three strokes toward the center from the other side. Smooth over the center in one broad stroke. Filing should be done at an angle so that the underside of the free edge is filed away more so than the top - this reduces the likelihood of chipping.
Which of the following is a disorder in which blood is visibly trapped under nails?
Bruised nails Explanation: Bruised nails (hematoma) are the visible result of blood trapped under the nail, typically resulting from injury to the nail bed or some other portion of the finger near the nail. Be gentle with the client and try to avoid the bruised area if possible
Which electric file bit is mostly likely to have rounded edge that cuts, rather than grinds, the nail?
Carbide Explanation: Carbide bits are made from metal. Their surfaces have grooves (known as flutes), which cut enhancement products instead of grinding them. The more dense the flutes, the the finer the bit
This metal tool has a tiny scooped bowl on one or both ends, and is used to remove built up dirt from the nail plate :
Curette Explanation: Curette: a metal tool with a tiny scooped bowl on one or both ends that is used to remove built-up dirt and film on the nail plate and along the soft tissues of the nail bed
This is the system of skin that overlaps the nail at its base and around its lower edges.
Cuticular system Explanation: Cuticular system: the tissue that overlaps the nail at its base and around its lower edges; it is comprised of the cuticle, the hyponychium, and the eponychium
According to the manicure procedure described in the course, the likelihood of a nail chipping can be reduced by:
Filing should be done at an angle so that the underside of the free edge is filed away more so than the top Explanation: Filing should be done at an angle so that the underside of the free edge is filed away more so than the top - this reduces the likelihood of chipping
Which of the following is a disorder in which lines run vertically across nails?
Furrows Explanation: Furrows are lines that run either vertically or horizontally across the nail; also called corrugations
Applying this type of artificial nail involves spreading product onto nails and then activating it, either with an activating product, water, or special halogen or UV light:
Gels Explanation: Gels are similar to some types of acrylic nails in that they are spread onto nails; however, unlike acrylic nails they must be activated, either with an activating product or water in the case of no-light gels and a special halogen or UV light in the case of UV and LED gels
Which of the following is a disorder in which nails grow into the nail groove, possibly causing infection?
Ingrown nail Explanation: Ingrown nails, known as onychocryptosis, are nails that have been improperly cared for to the point that the nail grows into the groove. Ingrown nails tend to be aggravated by too much pressure placed on the skin tissue surrounding the nail. If there is any redness, swelling, pain, or other indicators of an infection, do not perform services and recommend that the client see a physician
Which of the following is a disorder in which the sides of nails grow sharply downward?
Ingrown nails
Nails are primarily comprised of which substance?
Keratin Explanation: Onyx is another term for the natural nail, the hard protective plate. The plate is made from cells filled with hardened protein called keratin.
Which of the following is a disorder in which the nails grow concave rather than convex?
Koilonychia Explanation: Koilonychia (spoon nails) is characterized by nails that flare at the edges or pit in the middle. The nails are concave rather than somewhat convex, and typically thin and soft.
This is identifiable as a half-moon at the base of the nail.
Lunula Explanation: Lunula: the visible portion of the nail matrix, identified as the half-moon, lighter portion of the nail bed
What is the recommended method of trimming the nails of the big toe?
Make multiple small cuts along the length of the nail rather than one clip Explanation: The big toe will present the most challenge: its nail tends to be the hardest and collect the most debris underneath. The soft tissue beneath the big toe's nail can damage easily from too close a clip; be careful not to cross the point where the nail meets the soft tissue. This toe should be trimmed by making multiple small cuts along the length of the nail rather than one clip
This is the area at the base of the nail within which the nail root is formed.
Mantle Explanation: Mantle: the part of the nail that holds the nail matrix and where the nail root is formed as it grows out of the nail matrix.
This is the formation of blood vessels and nerves that generates nail cells. It is located underneath the skin at the base of the nail.
Nail Matrix Explanation: Nail matrix: the formation of blood vessels and nerves that regenerates nail cells, located under the skin at the base of the nail
This is the area of skin underneath the nail body that nourishes the nail cells above it.
Nail bed Explanation: Nail bed: the area of the skin underneath the nail plate that nourishes the nail cells above it.
Which of the following disease symptoms commonly occurs naturally without necessarily being result of injury or disease?
Nail peeling away from the nail bed as it grows Explanation: Onycholysis is characterized by the nail peeling away from the nail bed as it grows. While it may be the result of injury or disease, it commonly occurs naturally (without injury or disease) as the nail grows longer and is eventually levered away from the finger
This is the main portion of the nail
Nail plate Explanation: Nail plate: the main portion of the nail, the part between the nail root and the free edge
Applying this type of artificial nail involves attaching plastic nails on top of natural nails with glue or some other bonding agent:
Nail tips Explanation: Nail tips are lightweight, premolded plastic plates shaped like nails. They can be cut and shaped to the client's preference and are attached to the client's natural nails with glue or another bonding agent.
This is the skin on either side of the upper portion of the nail.
Nail wall Explanation: Nail wall: the skin on either side of the upper portion of the nail
In which nail procedure are you most likely to use resin accelerator?
Nail wrap Explanation: A popular enhancement option is the nail wrap, in which a nail-shaped addition is applied to the nail plate and coated with a hardening resin. This procedure can strengthen or extend healthy nails as well as repair damaged ones. When resins just aren't fast enough, there are accelerators and activators to further speed the process. These products speed up the polymerization, or hardening, of the resin, and can be sprayed or brushed on
How much additional fabric is applied at the nail wrap two-week service point?
None Explanation: Nail wraps should be serviced a second time, two weeks after this maintenance (four weeks from the initial application). At this point, additional fabric and wrap resin will need to be applied to the new nail growth
Which of the following items is used to manipulate the cuticle, clean around the sides of the nail, and clean under the free edge of the nail?
Orangewood stick Explanation: Orangewood stick: as the name implies, this is a stick made from orange tree wood. It is used to manipulate the cuticle, clean around the sides of the nail, and clean under the free edge of the nail.
Which of the following is a disorder in which the cuticle grows forward onto the nail plate?
Pterygium Explanation: Pterygium is an abnormal nail condition where the skin grows and stretches over the nail plate. It is not actually the cuticle that is affected, but an adverse skin reaction from a serious injury. It can be treated with creams but should otherwise be left alone
What is a normal growth rate for fingernaiils?
Roughly a quarter of an inch every two months Explanation: Fingernails grow at roughly a quarter of an inch every two months (toenails generally grow slower than this). The rate of growth varies according to the health and age of the individual.
Nail debris that you cannot remove with a curette:
Should only be removed by a physician Explanation: Clean the nail plate. Delicately run the scooped end of a curette across the nail so that built-up dirt is collected against the soft tissue on either side. Carefully remove what can be gathered by the curette; material that does not yield to the tool may be attached to the skin and should only be removed by a physician
Which type of fabric wrap is most easily damaged?
Silk Explanation: Silk wraps are tightly woven and lightweight, making them adhere closely to the natural nail without wrinkling or bunching. Silk has the additional advantage of transparency beneath the resin. Silk's light composition is also its disadvantage: it is the most easily damaged
Which of the following is NOT a sign that skin may be unhealthy?
Smooth Skin
The main difference between performing a French manicure procedure and a regular manicure procedure is that in a french manicure procedure:
Stark white polish is applied to the free edge of the nail and a pink, peach, or translucent shade of nail polish is applied to the base of the nail Explanation: The procedure for a French manicure is similar to that of a normal manicure except that a stark white polish is applied to the free edge of the nail and a pink, peach, or translucent shade of nail polish is applied to the base of the nail. As with all types of manicures, four coats of nail polish creates the best results. Always apply a base coat, followed by two coats of polish and a final top coat.
According to the manicure procedures described in the course, which of the following is an appropriate way too retrieve polish with a nail polish with a nail so that it is prepared for application?
Sticking the brush into the nail polish and then brushing one side of the brush against the polish bottle so that the other side has just enough to cover a nail Explanation: After the base coat feels smooth rather than sticky, retrieve polish with a nail polish brush so that it is prepared for application. This is done by sticking the brush into the nail polish and then brushing one side of the brush against the polish bottle so that the other side has just enough to cover a nail
The outermost layer of the epidermis is the:
Stratum Corneum Explanation: The epidermis is composed of five sublayers called strata, and each stratum plays an important role: The outermost layer is the stratum corneum (Latin for "horny layer"), and the layer of skin where a cosmetologist will apply products
What is the name of the connective tissue through which the skin adheres to the muscles?
Subcutaneous Fascia Explanation: The skin is comprised of two main layers: the epidermis and the dermis, and these adhere to the muscles through a connective tissue called the subcutaneous fascia
According to the information provided in the course if one waits too long to perform a nail fill service.
The acrylic nail may lift, allowing moisture underneath Explanation: In the case of acrylic nails, a nail fill service should be performed to fill this gap and reshape the nail. If one waits too long to perform this service the acrylic nail may lift. This will allow moisture underneath, and the nail will have to be removed
How should the client's hand be positioned during the airbrush process?
The hand should be laid flat on a surface with the fingers spread wide.
Which of the following is a disease involving the fungus commonly referred to as ringworm?
Tinea Uniguium Explanation: Tinea is a group of diseases caused by a fungus. These diseases are often called ringworm and are highly contagious. Some types of tinea you may encounter as a nail technician include tinea unguium or oncychomycosis, tinea manus, and tinea pedis.
Which of the following products is used to add gloss and protect nail polish from being chipped?
Top Coat Explanation: Top coat - Used to add gloss and protect nail polish from being chipped. Top coats are similar in construction to base coats, with the addition of nitrocellulose for added shine
When performing a leg and foot massage, one should not:
Touch skin above the knee Explanation: Step 1: Apply dots of lotion from the top of the leg at the knee (do not touch skin above the knee under any circumstance) to the top of the foot. Spread the lotion with firm gentle strokes around to the calf and the toes and sole of the foot.
In which nail procedure must you buff away the inhibition layer?
UV Gels Explanation: As UV gels harden, they produce a sticky surface coat commonly referred to as an inhibition layer. This layer can be delicately filed down or eliminated using the manufacturer's recommended cleanser.
According to the information provided in the course, which of the following is an appropriate way to form a ball of acrylic on a brush?
Wet a brush in acrylic liquid and then rotate the brush in acrylic powder Explanation: Wet a brush in acrylic liquid and then rotate the brush in acrylic powder. This will form a ball of acrylic on the tip of the brush
Which of the following is the recommended method of removing a paraffin wax treatment from a hand?
Without unwrapping the plastic from the hand, begin peeling off the dried wax from the wrist forward. Explanation: After about 10 minutes, the paraffin may be removed. Without unwrapping the plastic from the hand, begin peeling off the dried wax from the wrist forward. Discard all used paraffin.