NASM Chapter 4 - interactions of the kinetic chain

4 subsystems of the globular muscular system

Deep longitudinal Lateral Anterior oblique Posterior oblique

Motor output

Response to stimuli that activates movement in organs or muscles

Anterior Oblique subsystem

Subsystem of the global movement system composed of the internal and external obliques, the adductor complex, and the hip external rotators. The synergistic coupling of the AOS creates stability from the trunk , through the pelvic floor, and to the hips. It contributes to rotational movements, leg swing, and stabilization. The AOS and the POS work together in enabling rotational force production in the transverse Plane.

Posterior oblique substituted (pos)

Subsystem of the global movement system composed of the latissimus dorsi and the contralateral gluteus maximus, with the thoracolumbar fascia, creating a fascia bridge for the cross body connection. These muscles create nearly a straight line with each other across the sacroiliac joint, and when they both contract they produce a pilling force across the thoracolumbar fascia and stabilization force at the sacroiliac joint ( force closure ) This system works concurrently with the DLS during gait

Deep longitudinal subsystem (dls)

Subsystem of the global movement system that includes the peroneus longus, anterior tibialis, long head of the biceps femoris, sacrotuberous ligament, thoracumbar fascia, and erector spinae. These muscles work together to create a contracting tension to absorb and control ground reaction forces during gait.

Global muscular system

System composed of four subsystems that are designed for larger muscles to work synergistically in larger movement patterns such as combination squat to row exercise

Core stabilization muscles

Transverse abdominus Multifidus Internal oblique Diaphragm Pelvic floor muscles

The relationship between the length of muscle and tension

If a muscle is too short it is weakened If a muscle is too long it is weakened A muscle at optimal length can produce optimal strength

Motor behavior is collectively the study of

Motor control Motor learning Motor development

Motor behavior

Motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli

Force-couple relationship

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint Ex: gluteus Maximus and hamstring muscles pulling down on the pelvis, and the rectus abdominus pulling up on the anterior pelvis

Stabilization system

The muscles whose primary function is to provide joint support and stabilization Also know as the local muscular system

Length-tension relationship (LTR)

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at that resting rate

Reciprocal inhibition

The simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relax of its antagonist to allow movement to take place.