National Agricultural Technology Quiz - LANDON NOFIRE

Electrical: The interior electrical lightingofa farm structure is being replaced with high efficiency lighting. The36 incandescent,100-Watt lights will be replaced with 36 LED,40-Watt lights. If the lights are operated 100 hours per month and electricity cost 12.75 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh), what is the approximate reduction in electrical power costs each month? 1000 Watts = 1 kilowatt

$ saving / mth = (100 W -40 W) x $0.1275 / kwh x 100 hrs/mth x 36 lights x 1 kwh / 1000 W = $27.54

Machinery: A water pump has a 6.75-inch diameter pulley that must turn at 1150 revolutions per minute (rpm). Theshaft of an electric motor rotates at 1725 rpmand powers the belt that operates the pump. What is the approximate diameter of thepulley needed on the motor shaft to turnthe pumpat 1150rpms?

( 6.75 in x 1150 rpms) = ( ??in x 1725 rpms) diameter = 4.5"

Machinery: What is the approximate speed, in miles per hour, for a fertilizer spreader that travels 200yardsin 43.5seconds?5,280 ft = 1 mile 60 seconds = 1 minute 60 minutes = 1 hour 1 foot = 0.3048 meter

(200 yds / 43.5 sec) x (3ft / 1 yd) x (60 sec. / min. x 60 min. / 1 hr) x (1 mi / 5,280 ft)Speed = 9.404389mph

Structural: Concrete is poured inside a vertical pipe to provide rigidity to the pipe. If 1.25cubic yards of concrete are needed to fill the pipe that is 12feet 5inches tall, what is the approximate inside diameter of the pipein inches?1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet 1 cubic foot = 1728 cubic inches 1 foot = 12 inches Volume of cylinder = × (cylinder radius)2× cylinder height = 3.14 diameter = (2 × radius)

1.25yd3= 3.14 x(diameter ÷ 2x 1' / 12")2x12.41667'x (1 yd3/ 27 ft3) diameter = (1.25yd3x 27 ft3/1 yd3÷ 3.14÷12.41667' ) x 2 x 12"/1'diameter = 22.329589"

Structural: Steel angle iron is sold for $1.79per linear foot, steel tubingis sold for $2.11 per linear foot, and rebar is sold for 38cents per linear foot. If 112feet of angle iron, 95feet of tubing, and twelve 20-foot lengths of rebarare purchased, and 6.67% taxes are paid with the purchase, what is the approximate total price for the metal?

112' x $ 1.79 / ft = $ 200.4895' x $ 2.11 / ft = $ 200.4512 x 20' x $ 0.38 / ft = $ 91.20Total = $ 492.13$ 492.13 x 1.0667 tax = $ 524.955071

Compact Equipment: A 12horsepower single-cylinder engine is operating at 5,150feet above sea level. What approximate horsepower can beproduced by thisengine ifthe engine's power is reduced 1.75 percent for each 1000 feet of elevation above sea level?

12 horsepower -[ 12hp x 5,150ft x ( 0.0175 / 1000 ft ) ] = 10.9185hp

Electrical: An electric water heateruses 1910 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of power each day. If electric power cost 14.75 cents per kWh, approximately how much energy (in therms) does this water heater use during 60 days of operation? Information: 1 kWh = 3412 BTUs of energy 1 therm of energy = 100,000 BTUs of energyA.

1910 kWh /day x 60 days x 3412 Btus / kWh x 1 therm / 100,000 BTUs = 3910.152 therms

Compact Equipment:A planter has a 24-foot effective swath width, it travels at 5.25miles per hour, and it operates with a field efficiency of 88.5percent. What is the approximate effective field capacity (EFC) of the planter in acres per hour?Information: EFC = width of implement in feet x speed in miles per hour x efficiency

245.6513.51636ac/hr = ( 24ft x 5.25 mph x 0.885) / 8.25 Answer:

Compact Equipment: A gasoline mower's power takeoff (PTO) produces 25horsepower and turns at 1000revolutions per minute. Approximately how much torque, in foot-pounds, can this PTO produce?Torquein foot-pounds= PTO Horsepower x 5252Revolutions / Minute

25hp x 5252 ÷ 1000 rpms = 131.3 ft-lbs

Compact Equipment: Each cylinder in a fourcylinder engine has a circumference of 11.6inches and a piston stroke of 6.5inches. What is the approximate total displacement of the engine in liters?Information: 1 liter = 61 cubic inchesCircumference of a circle = 2 x π x radiusArea of a cylinder bore = π x radius2π = 3.14 radius = diameter ÷2 Displacement of a single cylinder = (length of piston stroke) x (the area of the cylinder bore)

4 cyl x 3.14 x [11.6" ÷( 2 x 3.14 ) ]2x 6.5" x 1 lit / 61 in3= 4.5663569liters

Compact Equipment: A rectangular shaped plastic hopper is used to transportgranular fertilizer in bulk. This hopper is transported on a trailer with a 4500-pound maximum load carrying capacity. The internal dimensions of the hopper are 7.25 feet wide, 8.25 feet long and 4.5 feet deep. What is the maximum weight in pounds per cubic foot (approximate value) that granular fertilizer can weigh and completely fill the hopper, while still transporting the load within safe limits?1 gallon = 231 cubic inches1 cubic-foot = 1728 cubic-inchesVolume of rectangular prism= Length WidthHeight

4500 lbs = lbs / ft3x 7.25' x 8.25' x 4.5'lbs/ ft3= 4500 lbs / 68.15625 ft216.71891327lbs / ft3Picture

Machinery: A utility tractor is re-equipped with high profile tires (larger diameter than the factory equipped tires). If the original tires had a 38.9-inch outside diameter and the new larger tires have a 44.6-inch outside diameter, what is the actual speed of the tractor when the tractor's mechanical speedometer displays 25miles per hour? Assume all tires are properly inflated, tires have no slippage, and the speedometer is still calibrated for the smaller diameter tires. Information: Circumference of a circle = (2) x (π) x (radius) π = 3.14 diameter of circle = (2) x (radius)

502.4acAnswer: Two step complicated method:rpm = 25 mi / hr x 5280' / 1 mi x 1 hr / 60 min] ÷ [(3.14 x 38.9" x 1' / 12") / rev = 216.1347896rpm mph = [(3.14 x 44.6" x 1'/12") / rev] x 1 mi / 5280' x 60 min / hr x 216.1347896 rpm = 28,663239mphSimple method:[44.6" ÷ 38.9"] x 25mph = 28.66324mphkWh

Machinery: Approximately how many acres are in a rectangular field measuring 2147yardsby 984meters? 1 acre = 43, 560 square feet 1 hectare = 2.47 acres 1 acre = 0.4045 HectaresArea of Rectangle = length xwidth 1 mile= 5,280feet 1 foot = 0.3048 meter

984 m x 1 ft / 0.3048 m x 2147 yds x 3 ft / 1 yd x 1 ac / 43,560 ft2= 477.3595 ac

Environmental: If a center pivot irrigation system is 0.5 mile long (has a 0.5 mile radius), approximately how many acres can be irrigated under the pivot's boom during 360 degrees of travel? Information: Area of a circle= (π) (radius)2π = 3.14 diameter = 2 radius 1 acre = 43,560 square feet 1 mile = 5,280 feet

Acres = 3.14 x (0.5 mi x 5280 ft / mi)2x 1 ac / 43,560 ft2= 502.4ac

Structural: Which of the following will have the greatest weight: 0.0039 acre-feet of water,170 cubic-feet of water, 1275 gallons of water, or 4850 liters of water? Information: 1 cubic footof water = 62.43 pounds 1 gallon of water = 8.34pounds1 liter of water = 2.20 pounds1 acre-foot water = 43,560 cubic feet of water

Answer: 0.0039 ac-ft x 43,560 ft3/ ac-ft x 62.43 lbs/ft3= 10,605.9 lbs170 ft3x 62.43 lbs/ft3= 10,613.1 lbs 1275 gal x 8.34lbs/gal = 10,633.5lbs 4850 lit x 2.2 lbs/lit = 10,670 lbs

Structural: Intake and/or exhaust fans should have the capacity in cubic feet per minute to adequate exchange the air in a greenhouse every three minutes. The rectangular floor of thegreenhouse measures 36feet by 60 feetand the walls/roof ismade of plastic sheeting stretched overplastic pipe hoops positioned as half circles. The hoops give the greenhouse a perfect half cylinder shapewith each half-circle hoop having a diameter of 36feet.In cubic feet per minute, what is the approximatesize fan needed to ventilate the greenhouse? Volumeof a cylinder = (π) x(radius)2x length= 3.14 diameter = (2 × radius)

CFM = 1/3 x ½ [ 3.14 x (36' ÷2)2x 60']CFM = 10,173.6ft3/ min. You may write on this exam, but only the scan sheet is graded.

Machinery: Each oftwo hydraulic cylinders raise and lower the armsthat operate the bucket on a skid steerloader. Each cylinderhas a bore diameter of 3.25inches and a stroke of 36inches. The tractor's hydraulic system produces a maximum pressure of 3,600 pounds per square inch. Approximately, what is the maximum combinedforce that these twocylinderscan exert on the lift arms?Area of a cylinder bore = (π) x(radius)2π = 3.14 Force = Pressure xArea radius = (diameter ÷2)

Force = 2 x Pressure x Area = 2 x 3,600 lb/in2x 3.14 x (3.25 in./ 2)2= 59.699.25lbs

Electrical: A farm building that is poorly insulated is located in a zone of the U.S.that typically requires 45BTUs per square-foot of floor areato adequately heat the interior.If the interior dimension of the rectangularbuilding is 80feet by 24 feetand the model of furnace being purchased is 90% efficient, what approximate size furnace is required? Information:Furnace output is rated in British Thermal Units (BTUs)1 yard = 3 feet Furnace Size in BTUs = Number of square feet x Number of BTUs per squarefootFurnace Efficiency

Furnace Size = 80' x 24'yd x 45 BTUs /sq ft=96,000BTUs 0.90

Structural: Which of the following quantities of lumber has the greatestnumber of board-feet?1 board-foot = 144 cubic inches 1 square foot = 144 square inches

Nominal Measurement Comparison (same answer for actual)6× 2" × 10"× 10' × 12"/1 ft × 1bd-ft/144in3= 100bd-ft9× 2" × 6" × 12' × 12"/1 ft× 1bd-ft/144in3= 108bd-ft***12× 1" × 8" × 12' × 12"/1 ft × 1bd-ft/144in3= 96bd-ft12× 1" × 10" × 10' × 12"/1 ft × 1bd-ft/144in3= 100bd-ft

Environmental: The Universal Soil Loss Equation is composed of six factors to predict the long-term average annual soil loss and one of those values is the slope of the land area expressed as a percentage. What is the approximate slope (percentage) of the land that changes elevation from 2255 feet to 1876feet over a distance of 1.58miles?Slope = Rise÷Run x (100% / 1)

Slope = (2255' -1876') ÷( 1.58miles x 5,280 ft. / mi.) x 100% / 1 Slope = 4.54306%

Electrical: A variety of incandescent lights are all operating on a single 120-volt electrical circuit in a livestockbarn. The circuit includes six150-watt lights, two300-watt lights, and twelve40-watt lights. What is the amperage of the circuit with all of these lightsoperating?Total Wattage = Voltage x Amperage

W = V x A (6 x 150 Watts) + (2 x 300 Watts) + (12 x 40 Watts) =120 volts x ampsamps = 16.5amps

Environmental: A 21-foot length of unthreaded black pipe is to be cut into 11pieces of equal length. Both ends of the 21-foot pipeare already cut square (90 degrees) and the 11pieces will also have square cut ends. The metal saw being used cuts a kerf (material removed by saw blade) that is 1/8inch wide. Other than the material lost by the saw kerf, none of the pipeis wasted or unused in cutting the 11pieces of equal length. What is the approximate length (in feet, inches and fraction of an inch) of each piece of the pipe. Information: 1 foot = 12 inches 5/32inch = 0.15625inch

[(21feet × 12"/ft) -(10 cuts× 1/8"/cut)] ÷11 pieces= 22.79545455"1 foot 10inches +0.79545455 inch1' 10" + 25/32"1' 10 ~ 25/32"

Electrical: The monthly charge to operate an electric pump is 12.75 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh) for the first 1000 hours and 13.9 cents for each kWh greater than 1000 hours. If the pump uses 9.25 kilowatts per hour and it operates 25 days each month for 8 hours each day, what is the approximate monthly kWh charge to operate the pump?Information: 1 kilowatt = 1000 Watts 100 cents = $1.00

kWh / month = 9.25 kW x 25days / mth x 8hrs / day = 1850kWh / mth$ = ( 1000 kWh/mth x $0.1275/ kWh ) +[ (1850 kWh/mth -1000 kWh/mth ) x $0.139/ kWh] = $ 245.65

Environmental: Water flows through 119 feet of pipeline that includes five 90 degree elbows. The water flow rate is 5.25 gallons per minutewhere the water exits the 119-foot pipeline. The pressure loss through the pipelineis equivalent to 6.5vertical feet of head (pressure) loss per 100 feet of horizontal run. The head loss through each elbow is equivalent to that of 4.25 feet of additional horizontal length. What is the approximatevertical head (pressure) loss for this horizontalpipeline?

loss = (5 elbows x 4.25 ft / elbow) +119 ft x ( 6.5 ft loss / 100 ft) = 28.985ft

Environmental: A thermometer calibrated in degrees Celsius (ºC) isused to measure the temperature during a feed processing operation that requires heating to 240 degrees Fahrenheit (ºF). What temperature on the Celsius thermometer is approximately equal to 240 ºF?Information: ºF = (9/5 ºC) + 32 ºC = 5/9 (ºF -32) Water freezes at 32 ºF

ºC = 5/9 x (240ºF -32º) 115.555556 ºC