NCM 109 (MATERNAL & CHILD) MIDTERMS
Meconium is typically passed for a. 2-3 days after birth. b. 1-2 days after birth c. 3-4 days after birth. d. 4-5 days after birth.
a. 2-3 days after birth.
Parents bring their infant to the clinic, seeking treatment for vomiting and diarrhea that has lasted for 2 days. On assessment, the nurse detects dry mucous membranes and lethargy. What other finding suggests a fluid volume deficit? a. A sunken fontanel b. Decreased pulse rate c. Increased blood pressure d. Low urine specific gravity
a. A sunken fontanel
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is one of the most common causes of death in infants. At what age is the diagnosis of SIDS most likely? a. At I week to 1 year of age, peaking at 2 to 4 months b. At 1 to 2 years of age c. At 6 to 8 weeks of age d. At 6 months to 1 year of age, peaking at 10 months
a. At I week to 1 year of age, peaking at 2 to 4 months
When performing an assessment on a neonate, which assessment finding is most suggestive of hypothermia? a. Bradycardia b. Hyperglycemia c. Metabolic alkalosis d. Shivering
a. Bradycardia
A baby boy has just had surgery to repair his cleft lip. Which nursing intervention is the most important during the immediate postoperative period? a. Clean the suture line carefully with a sterile solution after every feeding. b. Lay the infant on his abdomen to help drain fluids from his mouth. c. Allow the infant to cry to promote lung reexpansion. d. Give the baby a pacifier to suck for comfort.
a. Clean the suture line carefully with a sterile solution after every feeding.
A type of Hydrocephalus wherein the decreased absorption of the CSF is caused by post meningitis or intraventricular hemorrhage. a. Communicating b. Non-communicating c. Brain Edema d. Meningitis d. Meningitis
a. Communicating
A nurse is teaching a class of new parents about how to position their infants during the first few weeks of life. Which position is safest? a. On the back, lying flat b. On either side, lying flat c. Head slightly elevated on the left side d. Head slightly elevated on the right side
a. On the back, lying flat
What term of pregnancy is meconium aspiration syndrome is most common? a. Post-term pregnancy b. Full-term pregnancy c. Extremely preterm pregnancy d. Preterm pregnancy
a. Post-term pregnancy
What should be the nursing care for an infant after the surgical repair of a cleft lip include? a. Preventing crying b. Placing in a semi-fowler position c. Keeping NPO for 1 day after surgery d. Feeding with a spoon for 2 days after surgery.
a. Preventing crying
A child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. What is the priority need that must be included in the nursing plan of care for this child? a. Rest b. Exercise c. Nutrition d. Elimination
a. Rest
A mother asks the nurse why her 12-month-old baby gets otitis media more frequently than her 10-year-old son. What should the nurse tell her? a. The baby's eustachian tubes are shorter and lie more horizontally. b. The baby is too young to blow his nose when he has a cold. c. The baby spends more time lying down than his older brother; therefore, more dirt gets in the baby's ear. d. The baby puts dirty toys in his mouth.
a. The baby's eustachian tubes are shorter and lie more horizontally.
A toddler is brought to the emergency department with sudden onset of abdominal pain, vomiting, and stools that look like red currant jelly. To confirm intussusception, the suspected cause of these findings, the nurse expects the physician to order: a. a barium enema. b. suprapubic aspiration. c. nasogastric (NG) tube insertion. d. indwelling urinary catheter insertion.
a. a barium enema.
for patient with meningitis a droplet precaution should be implemented for how many hours after the 1st dose of antibiotic. a. at least 48 hrs b. at least 24 hrs c. at least 42 hrs d. at least 40 hrs
a. at least 48 hrs
Which of the following observations would the nurse expect when assessing the gestational age of a neonate delivered at term? a. Pendulous testes b. Coarse and silky hair c. Thick cartilage is present d. Deep and extensive rugae in the scrotum
b. Coarse and silky hair
When caring for an adolescent who's at risk for injury related to intracranial pathology, which of the following actions would maintain stable intracranial pressure (ICP)? * a. Turn the client's head from side to side frequently b. Keep the head in midline position while raising the head of the bed 15 to 30 degrees. c. Hyperextend the client's head with a blanket roll. d. Suction frequently to maintain a clear airway
b. Keep the head in midline position while raising the head of the bed 15 to 30 degrees.
You are tasked to take care of a vaginally delivered newborn baby at the Neonatal intensive Care Unit. which of the following assessment requires immediate attention? a. Eyes are slightly yellowish in color b. Nasal flaring c. No urine output within the 1st 3hrs after delivery d. Sign of injury on the head area
b. Nasal flaring
The nurse is caring for a patient with sepsis. At the beginning of the shift, the patient is in a hypodynamic state. Several hours later, the patients BP is elevated and pulse is bounding. How does the nurse interpret this change? a. The patient is getting well. b. Worsening of the condition rather than improvement. c. The patient needs to drink water. d. The patient needs to see his family.
b. Worsening of the condition rather than improvement.
For acute otitis media, the treatment is prompt antibiotic therapy. Delayed treatment may result to complications of; a. tonsilitis b. brain damage c. eardrum perforation d. Infections
b. brain damage
What is meconium? a. Baby's first pee b. Amniotic fluid c. Baby's first poop d. None of the above
c. Baby's first poop
The following are effects of hypothermia, which of these is irreversible brain damage a. metabolic acidosis b. Hypoglycemia c. Kernicterus d. metabolic alkalosis
c. Kernicterus
Baby girl Y develops jaundice, when does pathologic jaundice occur? a. after the 7th day b. upon birth c. within 24 hours after birth d. between 2nd and 5th day
c. within 24 hours after birth
A healthy infant has meningitis and is receiving I.V. and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this client's fluid intake because fluid overload may cause: a. Hypovolemic shock b. Heart failure c. Dehydration d. Cerebral edema
d. Cerebral edema
A mother came with her 19-month-old child to the clinic for a regular check-up. When palpating the toddler's fontanels, what should the nurse expects to find? a. Closed anterior fontanel and open posterior fontanel b. Open anterior and fontanel and closed posterior fontanel c. Open anterior and posterior fontanels d. Closed anterior and posterior fontanels
d. Closed anterior and posterior fontanels
For how long should a nurse maintain isolation of a child with bacterial meningitis? a. For 2 hours after admission b. Until the cultures are negative c. Until antibiotic therapy is completed d. For 48 hours after antibiotic therapy begins
d. For 48 hours after antibiotic therapy begins
During a visit to the well-baby clinic, a mother who's breast-feeding her 2-month-old infant expresses concern over the infant's bowel movements. Which statement by the mother would lead the nurse to believe that the infant's bowel movements are normal? a. "The baby's stools are yellow and semi formed." b. The baby's stools are dark green and sticky." c. "The baby's stools are green and watery." d. The baby's stools are bright yellow and soft
d. The baby's stools are bright yellow and soft
When developing a postoperative plan of care for an infant scheduled for cleft lip repair, the nurse should assign highest priority to which intervention? a. Comforting the child as quickly as possible b. Maintaining the child in a prone position c. Restraining the child's arms at all times, using elbow restraints d. Avoiding disturbing any crusts that form on the suture line
a. Comforting the child as quickly as possible
A nurse is administering IV fluids to a dehydrated infant, what interventions is most important at this time? a. Continuing the prescribed flow rate b. Monitoring the intravenous flow rate c. Calculating the total necessary intake d. Maintaining the fluid at body temperature
a. Continuing the prescribed flow rate
The nurse is teaching a group of parents about otitis media. When discussing why children are predisposed to this disorder, the nurse should mention the significance of which anatomical feature? a. Eustachian tubes b. Nasopharynx c. Tympanic membrane d. External ear canal
a. Eustachian tubes
An infant who had a revision of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is diagnosed with meningitis from an infected shunt. What clinical manifestations support this conclusion? Select all that apply. a. Fever b. lethargy c. Stiff neck d. Poor feeding e. Depressed fontanels
a. Fever c. Stiff neck d. Poor feeding
Parents of a sick infant talk with a nurse about their baby. One parent says, " I am so upset; I didn't realize our baby was ill." What major indication of illness in an infant should the nurse explain to the parent? a. Grunting respirations b. Excessive perspiration c. Longer periods of sleep d. Crying immediately after feedings.
a. Grunting respirations
Twenty-four hours after birth, a neonate hasn't passed meconium. The nurse suspects which condition? a. Hirschsprung's disease b. Celiac disease c. Intussusception d. Abdominal wall defect
a. Hirschsprung's disease
Is caused by an imbalance in the production and absorption of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system a. Hydrocephalus b. Meningitis c. Septicemia d. Otitis Media
a. Hydrocephalus
An obese woman with diabetes has just given birth to a term, large for gestational age (LGA) newborn. Which of the following conditions should the nurse most expect to find in this infant? a. Hypoglycemia b. Hypertension c. Hypotension d. Hyperglycemia
a. Hypoglycemia
The nurse is admitting an 8-month-old infant to the hospital because bacterial meningitis is suspected. What is first priority nursing intervention? a. Institute respiratory isolation b. Assist with a lumbar puncture c. Insert a circulatory access device d. Administer prescribed antibiotics e. Monitor for signs of nuchal rigidity
a. Institute respiratory isolation
A nurse is caring for a child with the diagnosis of meningitis. What clinical findings indicate an increase in intracranial pressure? Select all that apply a. Irritability b. Bradycardia c. Hyperalertness d. Decreased pulse pressure e. Option 5 f. Decreased systolic blood pressure
a. Irritability b. Bradycardia
Confirmatory diagnosis for meningitis is? a. Lumbar puncture b. Biopsy c. X-ray d. Ultrasound
a. Lumbar puncture
What is an essential nursing action when caring for a young child with severe diarrhea? * a. Maintain the IV b. Take daily weights c. Replace the lost calories d. Promote perianal skin integrity
a. Maintain the IV
What is the primary nursing intervention for an infant with a myelomeningocele before surgical correction? a. Minimize infection b. Prevent trauma to the sac c. Observe for increasing paralysis d. Assess the degree of bowel and bladder control.
a. Minimize infection
The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection for a child with Down syndrome. Which condition typically seen in children with this syndrome supports this nursing diagnosis? a. Muscular hypotonicity b. Muscle spasticity c. Increased mucus viscosity d. Hypothyroidism
a. Muscular hypotonicity
Who among the following is considered Large for Gestational Age? a. Newborn weighs 4.1 kg at 40 weeks b. Newborn weighs 3.5 kg at 38 weeks c. Newborn weighs 3.9 kg at 42 weeks d. None of the above
a. Newborn weighs 4.1 kg at 40 weeks
Baby Tohka was just delivered after a strenuous labor. The nursery room nurse receives a telephone call and is informed that the newly born baby with Apgar scores of 4 and 6 will be brought to them. The nurse quickly prepares for the arrival of the newborn and determines that the priority intervention is to: a. Prepare for the suction apparatus b. Connect the resuscitation bag to the oxygen c. Place the infant under a warmer and dry him d. Prepare for the insertion of an IV line with 5% dextrose in water e. Option 5
a. Prepare for the suction apparatus
A neonate born 18 hours ago with myelomeningocele over the lumbosacral region is scheduled for corrective surgery. Preoperatively, what is the most important nursing goal? a. Preventing infection b. Ensuring adequate hydration c. Providing adequate nutrition d. Preventing contracture deformity
a. Preventing infection
The preterm neonate is given oxygen as a therapy. The nurse is careful to document the neonate's response to oxygen therapy and to deliver only as much oxygen as necessary to prevent what possible condition: a. Retinal detachment b. Congenital glaucoma c. Ophthalmia neonatorum d. Subconjunctival haemorrhage
a. Retinal detachment
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child with meningitis. For which clinical manifestations of increasing intracranial pressure should the nurse assess the child? Select all that apply a. Seizures b. Vomiting c. Bulging fontanels d. Subnormal temperature e. Decreased respiratory rate
a. Seizures b. Vomiting e. Decreased respiratory rate
The treatment for hydrocephalus is a. Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts b. Ventriculosubclavian shunts c. Ventrculopapulo shunts d. Ventriculoabdominal shunts
a. Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts
You were assigned to nurse a preterm infant under phototherapy. During the said treatment which of the following will alarm your attention. a. Watching the infant's eyes blinking b. Lanugo covering the entire body c. Below normal weight d. The infant is crying loud.
a. Watching the infant's eyes blinking
The parents of an infant who has had a surgical repair of a myelomeningocele express concern about skin care and ask what they can do to avoid problems. The nurse should teach the parents that their infant: a. will require long-term multidisciplinary follow-up care b. should take prophylactic antibiotic therapy indefinitely c. must be kept dry by applying powder after each diaper change d. does not need anything more than routine cleansing and diaper changes.
a. will require long-term multidisciplinary follow-up care
The parents of an infant who has had a surgical repair of a myelomeningocele express concern about skin care and ask what they can do to avoid problems. The nurse should teach the parents that their infant: a. will require long-term multidisciplinary follow-up care b. should take prophylactic antibiotic therapy indefinitely c. mut be kept dry by applying powder after each diaper change d. does not need anything more than routine cleansing and diaper changes.
a. will require long-term multidisciplinary follow-up care
These are the clinical manifestation of a patient with Respiratory distress syndrome except: a. yellow-green staining of fingernails, umbilical cord, and skin b. tachypnea c. flaring nostrils d. a grunting sound when breathing
a. yellow-green staining of fingernails, umbilical cord, and skin
A 10-month-old child with recurrent otitis media (middle ear inflammation) is brought to the clinic for evaluation. To help determine the cause of the child's condition, the nurse should ask the parents: a. "Does water ever get into the baby's ears during shampooing?" b. "Do you give the baby a bottle to take to bed?" c. "Have you noticed a lot of wax in the baby's ears?" d. "Can the baby combine two words when speaking?"
b. "Do you give the baby a bottle to take to bed?"
When teaching the parent of a school-age child about signs and symptoms of fever that require immediate notification of the physician, which of the following descriptions should the nurse include? a. Burning or pain with urination b. Complaints of a stiff neck c. Fever disappearing for longer than 24 hours, then returning d. History of febrile seizures
b. Complaints of a stiff neck
As a student nurse in a pediatric ward, you are tasked by the staff nurse to observe and monitor neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. While observing, you noticed that a mother is breastfeeding her baby. As a student nurse, what health teaching should you give? a. Switch to formulated milk or bottle-feeding permanently b. Continue breastfeeding every 2 - 4 hours to help the baby produce more bowel movements, which excretes the bilirubin. c. Breastfeed the neonate rarely d. Feed the neonate with formulated milk as it is healthier than breast milk.
b. Continue breastfeeding every 2 - 4 hours to help the baby produce more bowel movements, which excretes the bilirubin.
Is a congenital brain malformation involving the cerebellum and the fluid-filled spaces around it. The key features of this syndrome are an enlargement of the fourth ventricle a partial or complete absence of the area of the brain between the two cerebellar hemispheres (cerebellar vermis), and cyst formation near the lowest part of the skull. a. Chiari malformation b. Dandy-Walker Syndrome c. Hydrocephalus d. Meningitis
b. Dandy-Walker Syndrome
A 38 weeks in gestation baby was delivered operatively thru caesarean section. upon the delivery, the amniotic fluid appeared greenish in color. As a nurse what is your initial intervention. a. Suctioning of secretions b. Determine the APGAR score c. Prevention of hypothermia d. Administration of antibiotic
b. Determine the APGAR score
What should be included in the nursing care of an infant with increased intracranial pressure? a. weigh daily before feeding b. Elevate the head higher than the hips c. Check the reflexes at regular intervals d. Monitor alertness with frequent stimulation
b. Elevate the head higher than the hips
A 1-year-old infant has been admitted with a tentative diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to confirm the diagnosis. What laboratory report the spinal fluid supports this diagnosis? a. Decreased cell count b. Elevated protein level c. Increased glucose level d. Low spinal glucose level
b. Elevated protein level
Preterm Infants are high risk for hypothermia, in conducting physical assessment the nurse should: a. Place the newborn in incubator b. Expose only the part to be examined c. Switch off the air conditioner temporarily d. Undress the infant to have accurate examination, then dress him up quickly
b. Expose only the part to be examined
A 6-week-old infant and the mother arrive in the emergency department via ambulance. The father arrives several minutes later with two children, 7 and 9 years old. The infant is not breathing, and the eventual diagnosis is sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The parents take turns holding the infant in another room. The nurse remains present and provides emotional support to the parents. What is an important short-term goal or this family? a. Identify the problems that they will be facing related to the loss of the infant b. Include the infant's siblings in the events and grieving following the infant's death. c. Seek out other families who have lost infants to SIDS and receive support from them. Accept that there was nothing that they should have done to prevent the infant's death
b. Include the infant's siblings in the events and grieving following the infant's death.
An infant with myelomeningocele is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). While the infant is awaiting surgical correction of the defect, what is the most appropriate nursing intervention? a. Using disposable diaper b. Placing the infant in the prone position c. Performing neurologic checks above the site of the lesion d. washing the area below the defect with a nontoxic antiseptic
b. Placing the infant in the prone position
The five areas assessed with APGAR scoring are: a. Appearance, pulse, grimace, reflex irritability, respiration b. Respiration, muscle tone, grimace, heart rate, appearance c. Pulse, appearance, activity, respiratory effort, muscle tone d. Skin color, heart rate, reflex irritability, appearance, respiratory effort
b. Respiration, muscle tone, grimace, heart rate, appearance
A disorder that is also called as crib death. a. Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) b. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) c. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) d. Sepsis
b. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
The following are the symptoms of Newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome that are often noticeable immediately after birth, except: a. blue-colored lips, fingers, and toes b. slow, shallow breathing c. flaring nostrils d. a grunting sound when breathing
b. slow, shallow breathing
A 15-month-old child is being discharged after treatment for severe otitis media and bacterial meningitis. Which statement by the parents indicates effective discharge teaching? a. "We should have gone to the physician sooner. Next time, we will." b. "We'll take our child to the physician's office every week until everything is okay." c. "We'll go to the physician if our child pulls on the ears or won't lie down." d. "We're just so glad this is all behind us."
c. "We'll go to the physician if our child pulls on the ears or won't lie down."
An infant undergoes surgery to remove a myelomeningocele. To detect increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as early as possible, the nurse should stay alert for which postoperative finding? a. Decreased urine output b. Increased heart rate c. Bulging fontanels d. Sunken eyeballs
c. Bulging fontanels
A 6 mos. old client is admitted with possible intussusceptions. which question during the nursing history is least helpful in obtaining information regarding this diagnosis. a. Cab you describe the pain b. What does his vomits look like c. Describe his usual diet d. Have noticed changes in his abdominal size?
c. Describe his usual diet
A client has just given birth at 42 weeks' gestation. When assessing the neonate, which physical finding is expected? a. A sleepy, lethargic baby b. Lanugo covering the body c. Desquamation of the epidermis d. Vernix caseosa covering the body
c. Desquamation of the epidermis
The nurse in the delivery room is caring for a newly born baby. What is the nurse's next appropriate action after determining that the baby is breathing normally and that no secretions are present? a. Perform kangaroo care b. Properly timed cord clamping c. Do immediate and thorough drying d. Non-separation of the newborn and mother for early initiation of breastfeeding
c. Do immediate and thorough drying
Nurses should be alert when caring for a preterm newborn, particularly for signs of: a. Meconium aspiration syndrome b. Hypercalcemia c. Hypoglycemia d. Premature closure of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriousus
c. Hypoglycemia
The discharge of e newborn with a surgically repaired myelomeningocele is anticipated at about 2 weeks of age. What teaching should the nurse include when preparing the parents for discharge? a. Demonstration of restrictive positions to prevent the infant from turning b. Discussion about the need to limit the infant's fluid intake to formula only c. Instructions on how to do passive range-of-motion exercises to the infant's lower extremities d. Explanation of the need to provide the infant with a quiet environment to reduce external stimuli.
c. Instructions on how to do passive range-of-motion exercises to the infant's lower extremities
An 8-year-old child is suspected of having meningitis. Signs of meningitis include which of the following? a. Cullen's sign b. Koplick's spots c. Kernig's sign d. Chvostek's sign
c. Kernig's sign
After closure of a newborn's myelomeningocele, what essential nursing intervention must be included in the plan of care? a. Limiting leg movement b. Decreasing environmental stimuli c. Measuring Head circumference only d. Observing for serous drainage from the nares.
c. Measuring Head circumference only
Treatment for otitis media a. Feeding techniques b. No bottle propping c. Myringotomy with Pressure Equalizing (PE) tubes d. Health Teaching
c. Myringotomy with Pressure Equalizing (PE) tubes
The pedia nurse is caring for an infant with spina bifida. Which technique is most important in recognizing possible hydrocephalus? a. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) b. Obtaining skull X-ray c. Performing a lumbar puncture d. Measuring head circumference
c. Performing a lumbar puncture
What does a nurse determine is the most serious complication of meningitis in young children? a. Epilepsy b. Blindness c. Peripheral circulatory collapse d. Communicating hydrocephalus
c. Peripheral circulatory collapse
A 1-month old neonates presented with blue-colored lips, fingers, and toes; rapid, shallow breathing; flaring nostrils and a grunting sound when breathing. It is an indication for signs and symptoms of: a. Large for Gestational Age b. Resuscitation Distress Syndrome c. Respiratory Distress Syndrome d. Small for Gestational age
c. Respiratory Distress Syndrome
These are the symptoms of SEPSIS except a. Fever and chills b. Diarrhea and vomiting c. Rheumatism d. Breathing difficulties
c. Rheumatism
Determining the due date of a newborn during an impending delivery helps you to: a. determine if meconium aspiration may have occurred. b. decide whether the baby will be delivered at the scene or if there is time to transport the mother to the hospital. c. assemble the correct size of equipment to care for the baby. d. decide if an on-scene delivery is needed, particularly if the infant is premature, as the labor is often shorter for these infants.
c. assemble the correct size of equipment to care for the baby.
Emerita a 22 yr old who is about to deliver a baby at home reports that the fluid was thick green when her bag of waters broke. The most important treatment of the newborn is to: a. administer oxygen by nasal cannula at 4 L/min. b. calculate the APGAR score. c. copiously suction the mouth and nose. d. vigorously dry and warm the baby.
c. copiously suction the mouth and nose.
The nurse is caring for a toddler with Down syndrome. To help the toddler cope with painful procedures, the nurse can: a. prepare the child by positive self-talk b. establish a time limit to get ready for the procedure. c. hold and rock him and give him a security object. d. count and sing with the child.
c. hold and rock him and give him a security object.
Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to observe in a newborn diagnosed with respiratory distressed syndrome? a. inspiratory grunting b. expiratory grunting c. inspiratory stridor d. expiratory wheezing
c. inspiratory stridor
Signs of increase intracranial pressure include the following except? a. High blood pressure b. slow pulse c. rapid pulse d. Bulging fontanels
c. rapid pulse
The nurse is doing the newborn assessment on the umbilical cord; the normal infant should have; a. two vessels, one vein and one artery b. three vessels, two veins and one artery c. three vessels, one vein and two arteries d. four vessels, two veins and two arteries
c. three vessels, one vein and two arteries
The following are chromosomal aberration EXCEPT: a. trisomy 21 b. tranlocation15/21 c. trisomy 15 d. mosaicism
c. trisomy 15
A parent of an 11-month-old infant who has cleft palate asks the nurse why it was recommended that closure of the palate should be done before the age of 2. How should the nurse respond? a. "After age 2 surgery is frightening and should be avoided if possible" b. "Eruption of the 2-year molars often complicates the surgical procedures" c. "As your child gets older, the palate gets wider and more difficult to repair" d. "Surgery should be performed before your child starts to use faulty speech patterns."
d. "Surgery should be performed before your child starts to use faulty speech patterns."
An infant is diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus, the parents ask for clarification of the health care provider's explanation of their baby's problem. How should the nurse respond? a. "Too much spinal fluid is produced within the spaces (ventricles) of the brain". b. . "The flow of the spinal fluid through the brain cells does not empty effectively into the spinal cord". c. "The spinal fluid is prevented from adequate absorption by a blockage in the spaces (ventricles) of the brain". d. "There is a part of the brain surface that usually absorbs spinal fluid after its production that is not functioning adequately".
d. "There is a part of the brain surface that usually absorbs spinal fluid after its production that is not functioning adequately".
All of the following can predispose a newborn to respiratory distress. Which one is excluded? a. A child born via Caesarian Section b. A child born at 43 weeks of gestation c. A child born at 36 weeks of gestation d. A child born to mother with gynecoid pelvis
d. A child born to mother with gynecoid pelvis
When formulating a nursing care plan to an 8-year-old patient with down syndrome, the nurse should. a. Plan interventions according to the developmental levels of a 5-year-old because the child will have developmental delays b. Direct all teaching to the parents because the child can't understand c. Plan interventions according to the developmental level of a 7-year-old child because that's the child's age d. Assess the child's current developmental level and plan care accordingly
d. Assess the child's current developmental level and plan care accordingly
A nurse is caring for an infant with bacterial meningitis. The parents ask how their baby could have contracted the illness. What does the nurse consider as the most likely route of transmission to the central nervous system (CNS)? a. Genitourinary tract b. Gastrointestinal tract c. Skin or mucous membrane d. Cranial apertures or sinuses
d. Cranial apertures or sinuses
Which assessment finding would the nurse find in a child with Hirschsprung's Disease? a. Currant jelly stool b. Diarrhea c. Constipation d. Foul-smelling, fatty stool
d. Foul-smelling, fatty stool
. The most common neonatal sepsis and meningitis infections seen within 24 hours after birth are caused by which organism? a. Candida albicans b. Chlamydia trachomatis c. Escherichia coli d. Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci
d. Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci
How to position a patient with hydrocephalus. a. Prone position b. left side lying c. On her abdomen d. Head of bed 30-45 degrees
d. Head of bed 30-45 degrees
An infant who was born with a meningomyelocele develops hydrocephalus. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt is inserted. What nursing intervention is essential in this infant's care during the first 24 hours after surgery? a. Placing in high-fowler position b. Administering the prescribed sedative c. Positioning on the same side as the shunt d. Monitoring for increasing intracranial pressure
d. Monitoring for increasing intracranial pressure
A nurse who is caring for an infant with a cleft lip is concerned about preventing an infection. Why does the cleft lip predispose the infant to infection? a. Waste products accumulate along the defect. b. There is inadequate circulation in the defective area. c. Nutrition is inadequate because of ineffective feeding d. Mouth breathing dries the oropharyngeal mucous membrane
d. Mouth breathing dries the oropharyngeal mucous membrane
Meconium staining can be identified initially by : a. Ultrasound b. vaginal inspection c. papsmear d. Pelvic examination
d. Pelvic examination
While performing a complete assessment in a full-term newborn, which of the following findings would alert the nurse to notify the physician? a. Soundless, nasal breathing b. Abdominal movement when breathing c. Absence of respiration that lasts up to 5 seconds d. Periods of apnea with cyanosis and bradycardia
d. Periods of apnea with cyanosis and bradycardia
A 3-month-old infant just had a cleft lip and palette repair. To prevent trauma to the operative site, the nurse should do which of the following? a. Give the baby a pacifier to help soothe him b. Failure to thrive c. Lie the baby in the prone position. d. Place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints. e. Avoid touching the suture line, even to clean.
d. Place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints.
A 5-month-old infant develops severe diarrhea and is given IV fluids. What is the rationale for the nurse to closely monitor the IV flow rate? a. Limiting output b. replacing loss fluids c. Avoid IV infiltration d. Preventing cardiac overload
d. Preventing cardiac overload
A 5-moth-old infant is brought to the pediatric clinic for a routine monthly examination. What assessment alerts the nurse to notify the health care provider? a. Temperature of 99.5°F b. Blood pressure of 75/48 mm Hg c. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute d. Respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute
d. Respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute
What should a nurse use to feed an infant born with unilateral cleft lip and palate? a. Plastic spoon b. Cross-cut nipple c. Parenteral infusion d. Rubber-tipped syringe
d. Rubber-tipped syringe
. A nurse in the pediatric clinic is assessing an infant who had a revision of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Hat clinical finding alerts the nurse that intracranial pressure has increased? a. Increased pulse rate b. Hypoactive reflexes c. decreased blood pressure d. Tension of the anterior fontanel
d. Tension of the anterior fontanel
