Needed for 4620

_______ databases focus primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.

Analytical

_____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database.

DBMSs

_____ exists when different and conflicting versions of the same data appear in different places.

Data inconsistency

_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.

Data inconsistency

_____ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting an application program's ability to access data.

Data independence

_____ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.

Data integrity

______ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.

Data redundancy

______ refers to the situation where the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places.

Data redundancy

_________ is a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format.

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

(True or False) An advantage of database systems is that you needn't perform frequent updates and apply latest patches.

False

(True or False) An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database.

False

(True or False) Corporations use only structured data.

False

(True or False) Data and information are essentially the same thing.

False

(True or False) Data anomaly is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.

False

(True or False) Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning.

False

(True or False) Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests.

False

(True or False) Field refers to a collection of related records.

False

(True or False) One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex.

False

(True or False) One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches.

False

(True or False) Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

False

(True or False) The DBMS reveals much of the database's internal complexity to the application programs and users.

False

_____ refer to a type of database that stores most of its data in RAM rather than in hard disks.

In-memory databases

_____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts.

Information

_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

Knowledge

______ is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed.

Metadata

______ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database.

Metadata

_____ relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

Performance tuning

______ relates to activities that make a database operate more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

Performance tuning

_____ are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information.

Structured data

(True or False) A data warehouse can store data derived from many sources.

True

(True or False) Data constitute the building blocks of information.

True

(True or False) Data processing can be as simple as organizing data to reveal patterns.

True

(True or False) Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database.

True

(True or False) One disadvantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is increased costs.

True

(True or False) The only way to access the data in a database is through the DBMS.

True

(True or False) The same data might be simultaneously structured and unstructured depending on the intended processing.

True

_____ data exist in a format that does not lend itself to processing that yields information.

Unstructured

_____ data exist in the format in which they were collected.

Unstructured

Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications? a. They enhance the user's ability to understand the data. b. They provide enhanced security and robust data sharing features. c. They do not allow manipulation of data once entered. d. They are a better alternative to databases.

a. They enhance the user's ability to understand the data.

__________ is a spur-of-the-moment question.

ad hoc query

A(n) _____ might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program.

application

The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a ______.

collection of files

To reveal meaning, information requires

context

Information is produced by processing ______

data

_______ develops when all required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

data anomaly

A _____ contains at least all of the attribute names and characteristics for each table in the system.

data dictionary

The DBMS uses the _______ to look up the required data component structures and relationships, thus relieving programmers from having to code such complex relationships in each program.

data dictionary

_______ is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database.

database management system

The term _____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment.

database system

A(n) ______ database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments.

enterprise

A _____ is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning.

field

A _____ is a collection of related records.

file

Raw data must be properly ______ for storage, processing and presentation.

formatted

Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to _______.

good decision making

______ is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.

information

______ refers to scattered locations storing the same basic data.

islands of information

The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by _____.

its expected use

A workgroup database is a(n) _____ database.

multiuser

Data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the_____.

operational databases

_______ is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation.

query

The response of the DBMS to a query is the ______.

query result set

End-user data is ______.

raw facts of interest to the end user

A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing.

record

An XML database supports the storage and management of _____ XML data.

semistructured

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____ .

semistructured

A desktop database is a _____ database.

single-user

Data is said to be verifiable if:

the data always yields consistent results.

A(n) _____ database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization.

workgroup