Neuro Prep-U

Which of the following neurotransmitters are deficient in myasthenia gravis? GABA Acetylcholine Dopamine Serotonin

Acetylcholine

The nurse is performing an assessment of cranial nerve function and asks the patient to cover one nostril at a time to see if the patient can smell coffee, alcohol, and mint. The patient is unable to smell any of the odors. The nurse is aware that the patient has a dysfunction of which cranial nerve? CN II CN I CN III CN IV

CN I

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Only three are sensory. Select the cranial nerve that is affected with decreased visual fields. Cranial nerve IV Cranial nerve III Cranial nerve II Cranial nerve I

Cranial nerve II

If a client has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect to observe which manifestation upon physical assessment? Hyperactive reflexes No muscle atrophy Muscle spasticity Decreased muscle tone

Decreased muscle tone

A patient sustained a head injury during a fall and has changes in personality and affect. What part of the brain does the nurse recognize has been affected in this injury? Parietal lobe Temporal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe

Frontal lobe

A patient comes to the emergency department with severe pain in the face that was stimulated by brushing the teeth. What cranial nerve does the nurse understand can cause this type of pain? IV III V VI

V

The nurse is completing a neurologic assessment and uses the whisper test to assess which cranial nerve? Facial Acoustic Olfactory Vagus

acoustic

Which term refers to the inability to recognize objects through a particular sensory system? Agnosia Dementia Ataxia Aphasia

agnosia

A patient who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support. What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe? Brain stem Frontal lobe Occipital lobe Parietal lobe

brain stem

Which of the following terms is used to describe rapid, jerky, involuntary, purposeless movements of the extremities? Dyskinesia Chorea Bradykinesia Spondylosis

chorea

A nurse is working in a neurologist's office. The physician orders a Romberg test. The nurse should have the client: close his or her eyes and stand erect. touch his or her nose with one finger. close his or her eyes and discriminate between dull and sharp. close his or her eyes and jump on one foot.

close his or her eyes and stand erect

If a client has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect the client to exhibit decreased muscle tone. hyperactive reflexes. no muscle atrophy. muscle spasticity.

decreased muscle tone

Lower motor neuron lesions cause increased muscle tone. no muscle atrophy. flaccid muscles. hyperactive and abnormal reflexes.

flaccid muscles

Which cerebral lobes is the largest and controls abstract thought? Occipital Temporal Parietal Frontal

frontal

Which cerebral lobe contains the auditory receptive areas? Temporal Parietal Frontal Occipital

temporal

Damage to which area of the brain results in receptive aphasia? Frontal lobe Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe

Temporal lobe

Which term refers to a method of recording, in graphic form, the electrical activity of a muscle? -Electroencephalography -Electrogastrography -Electromyography -Electrocardiography

electromyography

To assess a client's cranial nerve function, a nurse should assess: -gag reflex. -orientation to person, time, and place. -arm drifting. -hand grip.

gag reflex

A nurse is preparing a client for a lumbar puncture and informs the client that the needle will be inserted into the subarachnoid space between L3 and L4 or L4 and L5. The client reports that she is worried about damage to her spinal cord. The appropriate response from the nurse is which of the following? "Damage to the spinal cord is a possibility." "The physician is careful not to insert the needle far enough to reach the cord." "The spinal cord ends at L1, so puncturing it is not possible." "The needle is not long enough to damage the cord."

"The spinal cord ends at L1, so puncturing it is not possible."

A client is scheduled for standard EEG testing to evaluate a possible seizure disorder. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform before the procedure? Sedate the client before the procedure, per orders Maintain NPO status for 6 hours before the procedure Instruct the client that a standard EEG takes 2 hours Withhold anticonvulsant medications for 24 to 48 hours before the exam

Withhold anticonvulsant medications for 24 to 48 hours before the exam

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client. The nurse observes the client's tongue for symmetry, tremors, and strength, and assesses the client's speech. Which cranial nerve is the nurse assessing? VI IV IX XII

XII

A client is actively hallucinating during an assessment. The nurse would be correct in documenting the hallucination as a disturbance in intellectual function. emotional status. thought content. motor ability.

thought content

A high school soccer player sustained five concussions before she was told that she should never play contact sports again. After her last injury, she began experiencing episodes of double vision. She was told that she had most likely incurred damage to which cranial nerve? V (Trigeminal) VII (Facial) IV (Trochlear) VI (Abducens)

VI (Abducens)

The nurse who is employed in a neurologist's office is performing a history and assessment on a client experiencing hearing difficulty. The nurse is most correct to gather equipment to assess the function of cranial nerve: XI VIII II VI

VIII

Which term refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking? Rigidity Ataxia Agnosia Spasticity

ataxia

The nurse is preparing a client for a neurological examination by the physician and explains tests the physician will be doing, including the Romberg test. The client asks the purpose of this particular test. The correct reply by the nurse is which of the following? "It is a test for muscle strength." "It is a test for balance." "It is a test for coordination." "It is a test for motor ability."

it is a test for balance

The pre-nursing class is learning about the nervous system in their anatomy class. What part of the nervous system would the students learn is responsible for digesting food and eliminating body waste? Peripheral Sympathetic Central Parasympathetic

parasympathetic

The nurse is instructing a community class when a student asks, "How does someone get super strength in an emergency?" The nurse should respond by describing the action of the: endocrine system. parasympathetic nervous system. musculoskeletal system. sympathetic nervous system.

sympathetic nervous system

A patient arrives to have an MRI done in the outpatient department. What information provided by the patient warrants further assessment to prevent complications related to the MRI? "I am trying to quit smoking and have a patch on." "My legs go numb sometimes when I sit too long." "I have not had anything to eat or drink since 3 hours ago." "I have been trying to get an appointment for so long."

"I am trying to quit smoking and have a patch on."

Lesions in the temporal lobe may result in which type of agnosia? Auditory Tactile Visual Relationship

Auditory

A 53-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of inability to form words, and numbness and weakness of the right arm and leg. Where would you locate the site of injury? Right frontoparietal region Left frontoparietal region Left basal ganglia Left temporal region

Left frontoparietal region

A client experienced a stroke that damaged the hypothalamus. The nurse should anticipate that the client will have problems with: thinking and reasoning. body temperature control. balance and equilibrium. visual acuity.

body temperature control

What part of the brain controls and coordinates muscle movement? Cerebellum Cerebrum Midbrain Brain stem

cerebellum

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of a cerebral aneurysm. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to monitor the status of the aneurysm? electroencephalogram cerebral angiography milligram echoencephalography

cerebral angiography

Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin lead to which of the following disease processes? Myasthenia gravis Depression Seizures Parkinson's disease

depression

Which is a sympathetic effect of the nervous system? Decreased respiratory rate Increased peristalsis Decreased blood pressure Dilated pupils

dilated pupils

A nurse is caring for a client with deteriorating neurologic status. The nurse is performing an assessment at the beginning of the shift that reveals a falling blood pressure and heart rate, and the client makes no motor response to stimuli. Which documentation of neuromuscular status is most appropriate? Flaccidity Abnormal posture Weak muscular tone Decorticate posturing

flaccidity

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for concentration and abstract thought? Occipital Parietal Frontal Temporal

frontal

A nurse is completing a neurological assessment and determines that the client has significant visual deficits. Considering the functions of the lobes of the brain, which area will most likely contain the neurologic deficit? temporal occipital frontal parietal

occipital

The nurse is assessing the pupils of a patient who has had a head injury. What does the nurse recognize as a parasympathetic effect? One pupil is dilated and the opposite pupil is normal Dilated pupils Roth's spots Constricted pupils

Constricted pupils

A client with a suspected brain tumor is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan. What should the nurse do when preparing the client for this test? Determine whether the client is allergic to iodine, contrast dyes, or shellfish. Place a cap over the client's head. Administer a sedative as ordered. Immobilize the neck before the client is moved onto a stretcher.

Determine whether the client is allergic to iodine, contrast dyes, or shellfish

A male client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG). When the nurse caring for the client is preparing him for the test, the client states that during childhood he was mildly electrocuted but miraculously lived. Therefore, he is quite afraid of going through an EEG. In what ways can the nurse help dispel the client's fear regarding the test? Inform the client that he will experience only mild electrical shock. Distract the client's attention from the test. Encourage adequate water intake by the client. Inform the client that he will not experience any electrical shock.

Inform the client that he will not experience any electrical shock

During recovery from a stroke, a client is given nothing by mouth to help prevent aspiration. To determine when the client is ready for a liquid diet, the nurse assesses the client's swallowing ability once per shift. This assessment evaluates: cranial nerves III and V. cranial nerves VI and VIII. cranial nerves IX and X. cranial nerves I and II.

cranial nerves IX and X

After a plane crash, a client is brought to the emergency department with severe burns and respiratory difficulty. The nurse helps to secure a patent airway and attends to the client's immediate needs, then prepares to perform an initial neurologic assessment. The nurse should perform an: -examination of the fundus of the eye. -evaluation of the corneal reflex response. -assessment of the client's gait. -evaluation of bowel and bladder functions.

evaluation of the corneal reflex response

A nurse is completing a neurological assessment and determines that the client has significant visual deficits. A brain tumor is considered. Considering the functions of the lobes of the brain, which area will most likely contain the neurologic deficit? Frontal Occipital Parietal Temporal

Occipital

A nurse and nursing student are caring for a client recovering from a lumbar puncture yesterday. The client reports a headache despite being on bedrest overnight. The physician plans an epidural blood patch this morning. The student asks how this will help the headache. The correct reply from the nurse is which of the following? "The blood provides moisture at the site, which encourages healing." "The blood will replace the cerebral spinal fluid that has leaked out." "The blood will seal the hole in the dura and prevent further loss of cerebral spinal fluid." "The blood can repair damage to the spinal cord that occurred with the procedure."

"The blood will seal the hole in the dura and prevent further loss of cerebral spinal fluid."

The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a lumbar puncture. Which would the nurse note as a concern? Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature. Physician maintains aseptic procedure. Client reports a piercing feeling. Client reports pressure relief in the head.

Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature

During a routine physical examination to assess a client's deep tendon reflexes, a nurse should make sure to: use the pointed end of the reflex hammer when striking the Achilles tendon. support the joint where the tendon is being tested. hold the reflex hammer tightly. tap the tendon slowly and softly.

support the joint where the tendon is being tested