NMNC 1110 - EAQ 4: Nutrition

Which physical change would the nurse observe in a client with malnutrition? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Hypotension Dry, dull hair Abdominal edema Delayed wound healing Depletion of muscle mass

An adolescent was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information will the nurse include when providing education to the family?

"The most important interventions are good nutrition and portion control."

A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which nursing assessment finding would indicate that the client has hyperglycemia?

A fruity odor to the breath

Which is the reason for calculating a body mass index (BMI)-for-age during a health maintenance assessment for school-age clients?

Assessing for obesity or overweight

After surgery, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is instituted via a central venous infusion. During the fourth hour of the infusion the client complains of nausea, fatigue, and a headache. The hourly urine output is twice the amount of the previous hour. After contacting the primary health care provider, which action would the nurse take?

Check the serum glucose level.

A client presents with chief complaints of unexplained weight gain and back pain from a compression fracture of the vertebrae. On assessment, there is truncal obesity with excessively thin extremities, a moon-shaped face, a buffalo hump, thin hair, and adult acne. The symptoms described are suggestive of which disease?

Cushing disease

A client with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 verbalizes the need to lose weight. The nurse encourages the client to lose weight safely by making which dietary change?

Decrease portion size and fat intake.

While awaiting surgery, a client with a history of Crohn disease is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on an outpatient basis. The nurse teaches the client that TPN helps prepare for surgery by which process?

Decreasing fecal bulk

Which of the following would the client with palpitations from premature heartbeats be taught to avoid?

Energy drinks

A child who has iron-deficiency anemia tells the school nurse, "I get dizzy in gym class." Which is the most likely explanation for this symptom?

Insufficient cerebral oxygenation

A client describes abdominal discomfort after ingestion of milk. Which enzyme, as a result of a genetic deficiency, would the nurse consider to be the cause of the client's discomfort?

Lactase

Which foods identified by the mother of a child with celiac disease indicate that she understands which foods to avoid feeding the child?

Macaroni and cheese

Which foods are considered the most allergenic? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Milk Eggs Peanuts

Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers?

Milk should be supplemented with solid food items such as vegetables and fruits.

A client with hepatic cirrhosis begins to exhibit slurred speech, confusion, drowsiness, and a flapping tremor. Based upon this assessment, which prescribed diet would the nurse anticipate?

Moderate protein

The nurse provides education about signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia to a client with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The nurse concludes that the teaching was effective when the client acknowledges the need to drink orange juice when experiencing which symptoms?

Nervous and weak

Which is a risk factor of necrotizing enterocolitis in the preterm infant?

Polycythemia

Which responses indicate that the client receiving total parenteral nutrition is experiencing hyperglycemia? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Polyuria Polydipsia Respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min

Which dietary modifications help improve the nutritional status of a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Refraining from consuming fatty foods

Which action by a 70-year-old female client would best limit further progression of osteoporosis?

Taking supplemental calcium and vitamin D

The parents of a preschooler inform the nurse that their child often develops diarrhea and ask whether there might be anything wrong with the child's stomach. The nurse also finds that the child has poor oral care and has dental caries. Which is the most likely cause for the child's health issues?

The child consumes excessive amounts of fruit juice.

How would the nurse position a client to practice supraglottic swallowing after tracheostomy?

Upright

Which foods would be eliminated from the diet of a child found to have celiac disease?

Wheat-based breads and cereals

An infant has been admitted with failure to thrive. The nurse knows that more education is needed when one of the parents makes which statement?

"I can double the amount of water in the formula to save money."

How much additional daily protein intake is required by the lactating client?

25 g

Which nutrient deficiency in the pregnant adolescent may result in decreased birthweight as a consequence of low bone mineral density in the fetus?

Calcium

When caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings, the nurse would take which measure to prevent aspiration?

Elevate the head of the bed between 30 and 45 degrees.

Which would the nurse consider before confronting the problem of obesity with individual children?

Familial and cultural influences are deciding factors in eating habits.

When providing care for a client with quadriplegia, which nursing intervention assists in decreasing the potential occurrence of pressure ulcers?

Frequently reposition the client on a scheduled basis.

Which food would the nurse instruct a client taking diltiazem to avoid? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Grapefruit juice