Norse Mythology
What is the time period?
750-1050 AD
How many worlds are there?
9
How does Ymir die?
Odin, Hoenir and Lodur throw him into the Ginungagap which causes flooding and kills all the giants
How are humans created?
man came from ash tree, woman from elm tree, odin gives soul, hoenir gives mind, lodur gives senses, live in Midgard
Gungnir
Odin's spear, starts wars
How was Jotunheim created?
1 man and 1 woman find ice float and make their own land
How does the world survive?
After Yddrasil falls one man and woman hide in tree and repopulate the world, sun's offspring comes out, earth rises again
Where do the Aesirs live?
Asgard
What gods survived?
Balder, Hoenir, Vidar and Vila(Odin's sons), Modi and Magni(Thor's sons find his hammer), and Hod
The killings
Fenrir kills Odin, Odin's son Vidar kills Fenir, Thor kills Jormungand and is later killed by its venom, Loki and Heimdall kill each other, Tyr Garm and Freyr are all killed
How were the first norse gods created?
Handsome man #1 marries frost giant and they have handsome man #2 who marries frost giant and they have Odin, Hoenir and Lodur.
Gjall
Heimdall's horn
Who rules Niflheim?
Hela and her dog Garm
Who are Loki's offspring?
Hela-beautiful on top, rotting on bottom Jormungand-Midgard serpent Sleipnir-8 legs, horse Fenris-wolf
What are the ravens at Odin's shoulders?
Hugin-thought Munin-memory
Ragnarok
Loki and evil freed from earth, Heimdall blows Gjall, wolves eat sun and moon, Jormungand comes from sea onto land, giant's yells crack ceiling, Bifrost breaks, Hela brings Garm and underworld
Signs of Ragnarok
Loki betrays Odin by killing Balder, Yddrasil leaves starting to wilt, men and women act out, more battles, no trust, Valhalla crowded, winter lasted 3 years
Who are Odin's wife and kids?
Marries Frigga and they have Balder(most beloved) Hod(blind, god of night) Thor, Heimdall(guards Bifrost, blows Gjall, is mute)
Who are the vanirs?
Njord-god of seas, wind, waves, chief Freyja-female twin(Aphrodite and Demeter) Freyr-male twin(peace and plenty)
Where are they from?
Northern Europe: Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Sweden
Loki
Odin's foster brother, giant, charming, keeps getting them into trouble, turns evil
Why did the gods push Niflheim down?
So humans could grow
Who rules Muspell?
Surt
Where do the dark elves live?
Svartalfheim
Who are Thor's goats and hammer?
Toothnasher and tooth grinder; mjollnir
Who came out of Ginungagap?
Ymir the frost giant
What guards Midgard?
Ymir's eyebrows
What happened when Ymir slept?
a boy and girl were under his armpits, 6 headed troll from toes, the giants multiply, adulma licks man out of ice
Tyr
bravest, god of war/law and order, honor, tuesday
What is the motif?
competition
What is Loki's ship like?
covered in toenails and fingernails
Andulma
cow
What is the mood of most stories?
dark, depressing, some humor
Norns
decide destiny, live at Well of Urd
Who lives at Nidavellir?
dwarves live in caves, originally worms
Odin
eats nothing, 2 wolves at feet, 2 ravens at shoulders, Gladsheim is palace, gives away eyeball for drink of fountain of mimir, feared by gods and people
What are Jotuns?
giants
What does the fountain of Mimir do?
gives wisdom
Heimdall
guards Bifrost, can hear 100 miles away, watches for attacks, mute
What is Vanhalla?
hall of the slain, will fight on doomsday
Valkyries
handmates, pick up dead heroes and bring them to Valhalla
How does Odin become chief god?
hangs upside down on Yggdrasil tree for 9 days, knows secrets of universe
What did Odin teach the humans?
hospitality and good reputation
Niflheim
iceland
Heroes
know evil will win, die with honor in battle, don't give up, martyrs, controlling their destiny, good reputations
Muspelheim
land of fire
What is Bifrost Bridge?
links gods to the peopl
What does the eagle do?
looks for trouble
Ginungagap
pit
Norse values
polytheistic, laughter, trust and honor, strength and courage, hospitality, reputation, destiny, desire to be hero or martyr, beauty, fear of gods, trickery or magic
Balder's dream
tells parents he will die, Hela tells Frigga they must make every living thing not kill him, Frigga didn't talk to mistletoe so Loki gives Hod mistletoe to throw at Balder, giant won't cry to bring Balder back to life, tie Loki to center of world, Loki's wife puts tub for venom over his head to fall into
Who are sworn enemies?
the Aesirs and giants
What is Utgard?
the Jotun's palace(Jotunheim)
What is Vigard?
the Ragnarok battlefield
What is the Elder Edda?
the book of creation, myths
Who lives at Alfheim?
the light(good) elves
Who lives at Vanaheim?
the vanirs, or fertility gods
Thor
thunder/lightning, strong, most popular, defender of Asgard, loves competition, quick temper, forgives
Ratatosk
trades messages for the eagle and Nidhogg
What is the Yggdrasil
tree of universe, believe they live under it, if it falls they will die
Nidhogg
tries killing tree by chewing on root
Pygmy
understatement, say less but mean more, humor