NPB 10 CH 16

Which two systems are most important in controlling our internal organs? respiratory endocrine cardiovascular nervous urinary

endocrine nervous

The anterior pituitary gland is controlled by hormones produced by the_____

hypothalamus

Select the example of an exocrine gland.

salivary gland

Which type of diabetes results from lack of insulin production and typically occurs in young individuals with no history of obesity? type 1 type 2

type 1

Mineralocorticoids are produced mainly by which region of the adrenal glands? zona glomerulosa zona medulla zona reticularis zona fasciculata

zona glomerulosa

Select all hormones that are produced by the anterior pituitary, and which act on other endocrine glands. ACTH oxytocin prolactin TSH FSH

ACTH TSH FSH

The two organ systems that maintain homeostasis through their control of other organ systems are the _____ and _____ systems.

nervous, endocrine

Which hormones are produced by the hypothalamus but secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? oxytocin growth hormone prolactin thyroid stimulating hormone antidiuretic hormone

oxytocin antidiuretic hormone

The abdominal organ that secretes both digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon is called the:

pancreas.

Which types of hormones are typically considered first messengers?

peptide

A chemical messenger that influences the behavior of other individuals is a(n)_____

pheromone

ADH and oxytocin are released by the adrenal gland. pineal gland. anterior pituitary gland. posterior pituitary gland.

posterior pituitary gland.

Match each hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland with the ultimate effect(s) each has on other endocrine glands. ACTH FSH and LH TSH

production of cortisol, production of gametes and sex hormones, production of thyroid hormones

endocrine exocrine

releases secretion into the blood releases secretion into a duct

Match the type of pancreas function on the left with the specific example on the right. endocrine function exocrine function

secretion of insulin and glucagon secretion of digestive juices

Gonadotropic hormones directly affect which of the following glands? testes liver spleen ovaries pancreas

testes ovaries

Identify all of the symptoms associated with diabetes. Persistent thirst Lack of energy Swollen lymph nodes Unintended weight loss

Persistent thirst Lack of energy Unintended weight loss

Match each hormone secreted by the pituitary gland with the target tissue or gland that it acts on. adrenocorticotropic hormone growth hormone luteinizing hormone prolactin

adrenal cortex bones, muscle, other tissues ovaries, testes mammary glands

Select all of these hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland: antidiuretic hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone oxytocin growth hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone insulin

adrenocorticotropic hormone growth hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone

The most important mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex is_____

aldosterone

Which of the following is a mineralocorticoid? adrenaline aldosterone glucagon cortisol

aldosterone

What do most researchers believe is the most common underlying cause of type 1 diabetes? a genetic deficiency of insulin production a reaction to a drug that specifically damages the pancreas an autoimmune response to the pancreatic islets the production of insulin that does not bind to insulin receptors

an autoimmune response to the pancreatic islets

Match each sex hormone (gonadocorticoid) secreted by the adrenal cortex with the correct description. dehydroepiandrosterone estradiol

androgen that plays a role in sexual development of males and females. regulates growth of the skeleton and maintains bone mass.

Match the following classes of hormones with the correct description. peptide hormone: steroid hormone:

bind to plasma membrane receptors functioning as a first messenger. diffuse through the plasma membrane before binding to a receptor in the nucleus or cytoplasm.

Select the choices that are characteristics of hormones. are secreted by exocrine glands can act at a distance between body parts travel in the bloodstream affect metabolism of cells with receptors to them

can act at a distance between body parts travel in the bloodstream affect metabolism of cells with receptors to them

Select the two major portions of the adrenal glands. lobe lobule hemisphere cortex medulla

cortex medulla

Adrenocorticotropic hormone targets the adrenal cortex to produce_____

cortisol

Which of the following is a glucocorticoid? aldosterone cortisol glucagon adrenaline

cortisol

Select all sex hormones (gonadocorticoids) that are secreted by the adrenal cortex. dehydroepiandrosterone follicle stimulating hormone progesterone luteinizing hormone estradiol

dehydroepiandrosterone estradiol

The disease characterized by a high blood glucose due to a deficiency of insulin production or failure of cells to respond to insulin is _____ mellitus.

diabetes

The organ system that is involved in the coordination of body activities and that uses hormones as chemical signals that are secreted into the bloodstream is called the _____ system.

endocrine

Homeostasis within other body systems is maintained by which two organ systems? circulatory respiratory urinary endocrine nervous

endocrine nervous

Select the hormones that are produced by the adrenal medulla. cortisol epinephrine aldosterone renin norepinephrine

epinephrine norepinephrine

Select all common symptoms or signs of diabetes mellitus.

fatigue hunger glucose in the urine weight loss frequent urination excessive thirst high blood sugar

Which hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex, and regulate carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism? glucocorticoids mineralocorticoids norepinephrine epinephrine

glucocorticoids

Select the types of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex. norepinephrine glucocorticoids oxytocin epinephrine mineralocorticoids

glucocorticoids mineralocorticoids

Together, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone are metabolic hormones. growth hormones. gonadotropic hormones. adrenocorticotropic hormones.

gonadotropic hormones.

Chemical messengers produced in one part of the body that control the activity of other parts are called _____

hormones

Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are actually produced by the:

hypothalamus

The part of the brain that directly controls secretions from the pituitary gland is the _____

hypothalamus

The part of the brain that regulates the internal environment of the body by linking the endocrine and nervous systems is the:

hypothalamus.

The hormones ADH and oxytocin are produced by the ______ then stored by the ______ until they are secreted.

hypothalamus; posterior pituitary

Match the hormone classes with their correct description. peptide hormone steroid hormone

include hormones that are proteins, glycoproteins and modified amino acids. include hormones that are derived from cholesterol.

When aldosterone is secreted into the blood, blood pressure will increase. remain the same. decrease.

increase.

Select the choices that are ways that the hypothalamus controls the activity of the anterior pituitary.: neurons of the hypothalamus inhibiting hormones of the hypothalamus releasing hormones of the hypothalamus

inhibiting hormones of the hypothalamus releasing hormones of the hypothalamus

Select the choices that are features of the endocrine system. Is largely composed of glands Uses hormones that are released into the bloodstream to communicate with target cells Has communication that is dependent upon action potentials conducted through axons Takes longer to elicit a response than the nervous system, but the response will be longer lasting Uses specialized dendrites to detect changes in the internal and external environment

is largely composed of glands uses hormones that are released into the bloodstream to communicate with target cells takes longer to elicit a response than the nervous system, but the response will be longer lasting

Because the cells of a diabetic cannot use glucose, they turn to metabolizing fat, which can lead most directly to a condition called:

ketoacidosis.

Which of the following hormones are examples of gonadotropic hormones? Select all that apply. prolactin luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone oxytocin adrenocorticotrophic hormone

luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone

Hormones secreted by the adrenal_____ are a short-term response to stress or emergency situations.

medulla

The adrenal glands consist of an inner adrenal_____ and the outer adrenal_____

medulla, cortex

Coordinating the body's responses to changes to the external environment is primarily the function of the _____ system.

nervous

The single most important organ system in coordinating our responses to a changing external environment is the ______ system.

nervous

Which symptom is associated with diabetes?

Frequent urination

True or false: Pheromones produced by an individual can bring about a behavioral response in another individual of the same species.

True