NS101 Chapter 9 Atomic Physics Worksheet

The lines in the visible region of the hydrogen spectrum are known as the _______. a. Lyman series. b. Balmer series. c. Paschen series. d. Bohr series.

Balmer series

Who won the Nobel Prize for explaining the photoelectric effect? a. Bohr b. Planck c. de Broglie d. Einstein

Einstein

Aristotle's "continuous" model of matter was proved wrong about 1807 by a. Bohr. b. Thomson. c. Dalton. d. Rutherford.

Dalton

The "billiard ball model" of the atom is associated w/ a. Bohr. b. Thomson. c. Rutherford. d. Dalton.

Dalton

The dilemma known as the ultraviolet catastrophe was resolved in 1900 by _______. a. Bohr. b. Rutherford. c. Einstein. d. Planck.

Planck

Who developed the quantum theory in 1900 and has a constant named for him? a. de Broglie b. Bohr c. Planck d. Einstein

Planck

The term stimulated emission would be used in explaining the operation of _______. a. an electron microscope. b. an X-ray tube. c. a microwave oven. d. a laser.

a laser

With which object would the wave nature of matter be significant? a. A hard-thrown baseball b. A speeding truck c. A moving electron d. An orbiting planet

a moving electron

In terms of energy levels of electrons, a potential well has _______. a. a negative value. b. a positive or a negative value. c. a positive value. d. none of these.

a negative value

When an electron goes from an excited state to the ground state, _______. a. energy is absorbed. b. a photon is absorbed. c. a photon is emitted. d. none of these occur.

a photon is emitted

When an electron in an atom moves from a lower energy level to a higher one, a _______ is _______. a. photon; emitted b. proton; emitted c. photon; absorbed d. proton; absorbed

a photon; absorbed

The energy differences in some of the rotational energy levels of the water molecule allow _______. a. X-rays to be produced. b. cooking with microwaves. c. visible spectral lines to be formed. d. lasers to operate.

cooking w/ microwaves

If the energy of n = 3 is -1.51 eV and that of n = 4 is -0.85 eV in a hydrogen atom, a transition from n = 3 to n = 4 will _______ a photon with an energy of approximately a. emit; 2.36 eV b. absorb; 0.661 eV c. emit; 0.661 eV d. absorb; 2.36 eV

absorb;0.661

The number of electrons in an atom of an element is the same as the element's _______. a. atomic number. b. period number. c. mass number. d. group number.

atomic number

Charged particles from the Sun enter Earth's atmosphere close to the magnetic poles and cause _______. a. global cooling. b. global warming. c. auroras. d. ozone depletion.

auroras

According to Planck's hypothesis, the energy of an oscillator is directly proportional to its a. amplitude. b. wavelength. c. momentum. d. frequency.

frequency

One prediction of Einstein's special theory of relativity is that objects traveling close to the speed of light _______. a. get lighter. b. get more massive. c. get longer. d. disappear.

get more massive

The lowest energy level of a hydrogen atom (n = 1) is called _______. a. the ground state. b. the potential state. c. the ionization state. d. none of these.

ground state

Niels Bohr focused his attention on the element hydrogen because it _______. a. could be obtained in extremely high purity. b. was so abundant. c. had the simplest atom. d. was inexpensive.

had the simplest atom

Doubling the wavelength of a photon would _______ its energy. a. halve b. double c. quadruple d. not change

halve

According to the Schrödinger equation, the probability of finding a hydrogen atom's ground-state electron 0.053 nm from the proton is _______. a. zero. b. high, but not 100%. c. low, but not zero. d. 100%.

high, but not 100%

The removal of an electron from an atom is called _______. a. binding affinity. b. atomizing. c. electron affinity. d. ionization.

ionization

Dispersing light from a gas-discharge tube produces what type of spectrum? a. Ultraviolet b. Line absorption c. Continuous d. Line emission

line emission

The Bohr theory was developed to explain which of these phenomena? a. The photoelectric effect b. Line spectra c. Quantum numbers d. X-rays

line spectra

The de Broglie wavelength of a particle is inversely proportional to both its speed and its _______. a. spin. b. electric charge. c. volume. d. mass.

mass

Addition of an electron to an atom gives a a. negative ion. b. neutron. c. new element. d. positive ion.

negative ion

Glow-in-the-dark materials exhibit the phenomenon called _______. a. phosphorescence. b. simulated absorption. c. fluorescence. d. stimulated emission.

phosphorescence

A quantum of electromagnetic radiation is called a(n) a. photon. b. electron. c. positron. d. proton.

photon

When an electron in an atom falls from a higher energy level to a lower one, a _______ is _______. a. proton; absorbed b. proton; emitted c. photon; absorbed d. photon; emitted

photon; emitted

When many of the atoms or molecules in a sample have been excited into a metastable state, a(n) _______ has occurred a. ultraviolet catastrophe b. population inversion c. coherent emission d. incoherent absorption

population inversion

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know simultaneously which two properties of a particle? a. Momentum and energy b. Position and velocity c. Position and charge d. Time and place

position and velocity

Removal of an electron from an atom leaves a a. neutron. b. positive ion. c. free quark. d. negative ion.

positive ion

Which is another name for quantum mechanics? a. Classical mechanics b. Wave mechanics c. Optical mechanics d. Spherical mechanics

wave mechanics

How much energy must be absorbed to ionize a hydrogen atom whose electron is in the ground state (n = 1) a. Zero b. 1 eV c. 0.053 eV d. 13.6 eV

13.6 eV

Which is a possible value for the principal quantum number n? a. 3.14 b. 7 c. 2.5 d. None of these

7

Calculate the energy En (in eV) of a hydrogen atom's electron with n=4 a. - 54 eV b. - 3.4 eV c. - 0.85 eV d. - 1.7 eV

-0.85 eV

For a specific element, photons of how many different energies could be emitted by electrons in the n = 2 level as they return to the n = 1 level? a.3 b.4 c. 2 d. 1

1

When a hydrogen electron is in its ground state, its principal quantum number is _______. a. zero. b. - 13.6 eV. c. 1. d. +13.6 eV. e. none of these.

1

Calculate the radius in nanometers of the orbit of a hydrogen atom's electron with n = 5 a. 0.27 b. 2.7 c. 1.3 d. 0.13

1.3

Calculate the frequency in hertz of photons of light with energy of 9.90 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. a. 0.67 × 10¹⁴ Hz b. 0.67 × 10¹⁵ Hz c. 1.49 × 10¹⁵ Hz d. 1.49 × 10¹⁴ Hz

1.49 × 10¹⁵ Hz

According to the Bohr theory, the probability of finding a hydrogen atom's ground-state electron 0.053 nm from the proton is _______. a. low, but not zero. b. 100%. c. zero. d. high, but not 100%.

100%

The lines in the visible region of the hydrogen spectrum arise from transitions from higher levels back to the level where n equals _______. a. 3. b. 1. c. 2. d. 4.

2

When a hydrogen electron is in its first excited state, its principal quantum number is _______. a. zero. b. 2. c. - 13.60 eV. d. 1.

2

Calculate the de Broglie wavelength for an electron (m = 1 × 10⁻³⁰ kg) moving at 3.3 × 10⁶ m/s. a. 1.7 × 10⁻¹⁰ m b. 2.2 × 10⁻¹⁰ m c. 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ m d. 2.0 ×10⁻¹⁰m

2.0 x 10⁻¹⁰ m

Which of the following principal quantum number values is impossible? a. 2.5 b. 16 c. 3 d. 1

2.5

For a specific element, photons of how many different energies could be emitted by electrons in the n = 4 level as they return to the n = 1 a.3 b.5 c. 2 d. 6

6

Which of these colors of light has photons of greatest energy? a. Green b. Red c. Blue d. Yellow

Blue

The calculation of electron energy levels in the hydrogen atom was done first by a. Schrödinger. b. de Broglie. c. Bohr. d. Heisenberg.

Bohr

The planetary model of the atom is associated with _______. a. Bohr. b. Thomson. c. Dalton. d. Rutherford.

Bohr

Dispersing light from a hot wire gives what type of spectrum? a. Line absorption b. Continuous c. Line emission d. Ultraviolet

Continuous

The ancient Greek who is known for championing the concept of atom was named a. Democritus b. Socrates c. Plato d. Zeus

Democritus

Atomic physics deals mainly with phenomena involving which particles in atoms? a. Quarks b. Protons c. Electrons d. Neutrons

Electron

Theoretical limits on measurement accuracy are set by a principle associated with which scientist? a. de Broglie b. Schrödinger c. Heisenberg d. Pauli

Heisenberg

Which element was detected in the Sun before it was found on Earth? a. Hydrogen b. Promethium c. Helium d. Argon

Helium

The transitions of an electron in the hydrogen atom to the n = 1 level result in the _______. a. Lyman series. b. Balmer series. c. Paschen series. d. Bohr series.

Lyman series

Which of these colors of light has photons of lowest energy? a. Blue b. Green c. Yellow d. Red

Red

The nuclear model of the atom is associated with a. Thomson. b. Dalton. c. Bohr. d. Rutherford.

Rutherford

The term probability is associated with the model of the atom proposed by a. Schrödinger. b. Heisenberg. c. de Broglie. d. Einstein.

Schrödinger

Who discovered the electron in 1897? a. Dalton b. Bohr c. Rutherford d. Thomson

Thomson

Fluorescence occurs when samples of some materials are exposed to rays of which EMR (Electromagnetic Radiation) region? a. Ultraviolet b. Infrared c. Visible d. Microwave

Ultraviolet

When fast electrons strike a metal target, what are produced a. Radio waves b. Gamma rays c. X-rays d. Microwaves

X-ray

According to the hypothesis of de Broglie, any moving particle has _______. a. energy. b. a magnetic force field. c. an electric force field. d. a wavelength.

a wavelength

The unit called the hertz (Hz) is equivalent to _______. a. 1/s only. b. a reciprocal second only. c. s⁻¹ only. d. all of these.

all of these

A beam of laser light is _______. a. neither monochromatic nor coherent. b. monochromatic but not coherent. c. coherent but not monochromatic. d. both monochromatic and coherent.

both monocchromatic and coherent

The development of physics prior to 1900 is called _______. a. classical physics. b. neoclassical physics. c. Galilean physics. d. ancient physics.

classical physics

The interior of a large mass of food in a microwave oven must be heated mainly by _______. a. radiation. b. conduction. c. convection. d. radioactivity.

conduction

Who, in 1925, postulated that matter, as well as light, has properties of both waves and particles? a. Planck b. Heisenberg c. de Broglie d. Einstein

de Broglie

As the speed of an object increases, its wavelength _______. a. remains unchanged. b. decreases. c. increases. d. is zero.

decreases

Matter waves were confirmed when it was found that electrons _______. a. diffract. b. have a plus or minus spin quantum number. c. possess a negative charge. d. have mass.

diffract

A quantum is a __________. a. discrete amount. b. fundamental property. c. unit of momentum. d. proton.

discrete amount

The most important force in the hydrogen atom is a. the nuclear force. b. the gravitational force. c. the electromagnetic force. d. none of these.

electromagnetic force

Discrete wavelengths of light are emitted by an excited gas because _______. a. the speed of light is constant in a given medium. b. light can behave either as a wave or as a particle. c. electron energy levels are quantized. d. the intensity of radiation is proportional to the second power of the frequency.

electron energy levels are quantized

Which of these instruments is based on the theory of matter waves? a. Microwave oven b. X-ray tube c. Electron microscope d. Cathode ray tube

electron microscope

The greater the frequency of light, the greater the _________ of its photons. a. velocity b. speed c. wavelength d. energy

energy

The smaller the frequency of light, the smaller the _______ of its photons. a. wavelength b. speed c. mass d. energy

energy

An electron is in its lowest energy level when a. it is free of nuclear forces. b. its momentum is zero. c. it is in its ground state. d. none of these.

it is in its ground state

The development of physics since about 1900 is called a. Quarks b. Protons c. Electrons d. Neutrons

modern physics

Einstein's special theory of relativity deals with objects that are _______. a. being hit by X-rays. b. entering intense gravitational fields. c. moving close to the speed of light. d. being hit by energetic photons

moving close to the speed of light

The key process of a laser is _______ a. stimulated emission. b. Bremsstrahlung. c. electron diffraction. d. microwave absorption.

stimulated emission

Which phenomenon shows that quanta of light, or photons, exist? a. Diffraction b. Polarization c. The photoelectric effect d. Interference

the photoelectric effect

When a hydrogen atom's electron goes from an energy state of n = 1 to n = 3 a. the radius of the electron's orbit is unchanged. b. the radius of the electron's orbit is increased. c. the radius of the electron's orbit is decreased. d. the radius of the electron's orbit is infinite.

the radius of the electron's orbit is increased

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is most important for _______. a. very large objects, such as the Moon. b. very large distances. c. very small particles, such as electrons. d. very small angular momentum.

very small particles, such as electrons

Wilhelm Roentgen discovered _______ a. X-rays. b. gamma rays. c. radio waves. d. microwaves.

x-rays

Which of the following is the de Broglie equation? a. E=mc² b. E=hf c. mv𝚫x 𝚫h ≈ h d. ⋋=h/mv

⋋=h/mv