NTR105 - Mastering Nutrition Chapter 4

3. consist of two molecules of sugar joined together.

disaccharides

Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and __________. - iron - oxygen - nitrogen - calcium

oxygen

Which of the following is likely to be the most significant source of fiber in a cereal bar? View Available Hint(s) - fruit filling - rolled oats, cracked oats, steal cut oats - milk powder - enriched white flour

rolled oats, cracked oats, steal cut oats

1. are a category of sugars that contain either one or two molecules.

simple carbs

7. Plants store glucose as polysaccharides in the form of .

starch

6. is a type of simple carbohydrate composed of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule.

sucrose

Fiber is not digested by the human digestive tract. - true - false

true

9. Most dietary ______ passes through the digestive system without being digested and absorbed.

fiber

Carbohydrates provide __________ kcal of energy per gram. - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7

4

Which of the following foods naturally contain(s) insoluble fibers that increase the bulk of digestive material and draw water into the large intestine, keeping the stools soft and moist? - fish - dairy products, including yogurt and cheese - chicken - whole grains, cereals, and fruit

whole grains, cereals, and fruit

Which of the following foods would be most helpful in preventing diverticulosis? - honey, molasses, raw sugar - milk, cheese, yogurt - beef, poultry, eggs - whole grains, vegetables

whole grains, vegetables

Disaccharides consist of __________ molecules of sugar joined together. - 2 - 4 - 6 - 8

2

Which of the following statements is CORRECT in regard to the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation? Insulin is released when blood glucose levels rise. Glucose requires insulin to cross cell membranes. All of these statements are correct. Insulin stimulates the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles.

All of these statements are correct.

Which of the following statements regarding fiber is TRUE? - The pancreas produces enzymes to digest carbohydrates, and fiber is a carbohydrate. - Bile from the gallbladder can assist in the absorption of fiber. - The mucous in the stomach can break down fiber. - Dietary fiber cannot be digested in the human digestive tract.

Dietary fiber cannot be digested in the human digestive tract.

Which of the following statements is not true about carbohydrate digestion? - There is an enzyme in saliva that begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. - The enzyme secreted in the mouth to begin chemical digestion of carbohydrates is not active in the stomach. - Disaccharides like sucrose do not need to be further broken down before being absorbed. - Carbohydrate digestion breaks polysaccharides into smaller units.

Disaccharides like sucrose do not need to be further broken down before being absorbed.

What is the role of the hormone glucagon in regulating blood glucose? Insulin encourages the release of glucagon, which lowers blood glucose concentration. The liver stores glucagon to maintain blood glucose levels. Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen, to increase blood glucose concentrations. Glucagon inhibits gluconeogenesis, which increases blood glucose.

Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen, to increase blood glucose concentrations.

Which of the following statements regarding glucose absorption is true? - Glucose is absorbed mostly through the lining of the small intestine. - Glucose is digested in the small intestine. - Glucose is absorbed solely through the lining of the mouth: the oral mucosa. - Glucose is absorbed mostly in the stomach.

Glucose is absorbed mostly through the lining of the small intestine.

The Dietary Guidelines recommended limiting added sugar in a diet. Which of the following foods would be considered a significant source of added sugar? View Available Hint(s) - potato - orange juice - white bread - Nutri-Grain cereal bar

Nutri-Grain cereal bar

Which of the following statements regarding absorption of monosaccharides is true? - All monosaccharides are absorbed via facilitated diffusion. - All monosaccharides require energy for absorption; therefore, they require active transport. - Monosaccharides do not require a protein carrier for transport into the blood. - Some monosaccharides are absorbed via a form of passive transport, namely facilitated diffusion.

Some monosaccharides are absorbed via a form of passive transport, namely facilitated diffusion.

What occurs when blood glucose levels rise following the ingestion of a glucose-rich meal? - The beta cells of the pancreas release insulin. - The beta cells of the pancreas release glucagon. - The alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon. - The alpha cells of the pancreas release insulin.

The beta cells of the pancreas release insulin.

The acute condition of diverticulitis often requires a low fiber diet until the lining of the colon heals. - True - False

True

Which of the following nutrients is a carbohydrate? View Available Hint(s) - starch - high fructose corn syrup - fructose - All of these are correct.

all of these are correct

5. are a category of nutrient compounds consisting of long chains of sugar molecules.

complex carbs

Lactose, maltose, and sucrose are examples of this type of carbohydrate. - starches - monosaccharides - polysaccharides - disaccharides

disaccharides

Foods only contain one type of carbohydrate. View Available Hint(s) - True - False

false

It takes more than 8 hours for ingested carbohydrate to be digested, absorbed, and circulated in the cells. - true - false

false

4. is the most abundant sugar molecule and the preferred source of energy for the brain.

glucose

8. Animals store glucose polysaccharides in the form of .

glycogen

If there is no immediate demand for glucose, it is stored as __________. galactose fructose lactose glycogen

glycogen

How does the body respond to high blood glucose levels? gluconeogenesis glycogenolysis insulin secretion glucagon secretion

insulin secretion

Which of the following foods would be a good source of naturally occurring sugar? View Available Hint(s) - milk - white bread - soda pop - Nutri-Grain cereal bar

milk

2. are a category of single sugar molecules that are absorbed easily in the small intestine.

monosaccharides

The body absorbs which form of digested carbohydrates? - disaccharides - polysaccharides - monosaccharides - oligosaccharides

monosaccharides