NUR 1023 Unit 6 Exam
What are the stages of menstrual cycle
I (shedding), II (follicular), III (ovulation)
Hospice nurses are pivotal for
pain control, symptom management, spiritual assessment and management of family needs
What is sensory perception
ability to receive sensory input through physiological processes in the body, translating stimulus or data into meaningful information
What are the types of stress
acute, episodic, chronic
What are the risk factors of sexual health
adolescents, minorities, intellectual/developmentally disabled, newly unpartnered, high-risk sexual behavior, sexual orientation, use of illicit substances
Why would a child deny pain
afraid of getting in trouble, doctors, needles, surgery or cast
What are the risk factors of sensory perception
age, congenital conditions, genetics, adverse effects of medication, acute injury, chronic mental conditions, lifestyle choices
Nursing Licensure Compact
agreement between state that allows nurses to have one license but the ability to practice in other states that are part of the agreement
What kind of sex is the highest risk
anal
Impairment in taste can result in
anorexia, weight loss, malnutrition, ingestion of spoiled food
U. S. Department of Health & Human Services produce a shift and implement new strategies, this is known as
paradigm shift
What are the interrelated concepts of sexual health
anxiety, reproduction, gas exchange, stress, pain
What is a stressor?
any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the system
What is palliative care
approach that improves quality of life associated with life threatening illness, through prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification
What is the scope of evidence
discovery research to traditional to patient care
What makes the newly independent partner at risk?
divorce,, breakup, rebound, multiple people
An advance directive is
document made by a competent individual to establish desired health care for the future or to give someone else this right should they become incompetent
Neonatal abstinence syndrome occurs
due to mother using drugs while pregnant
What four elements must be satisfied with HIPPA
duty, breach, causation, harm
Primary prevention methods with reproduction
education, parental classes, contraceptives, contraception
Vicarious liability
employer liable for the acts of its employee if the employee was acting as an agent of the employer and the actions resulted in injury within that scope of employment
What are the causes of male sexual disorders
erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction
What are the original four phases of sexual response
excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
What are secondary prevention methods in sensory perception
eye evaluation, glaucoma screening, otoacoustic emissions, auditory brain stem response, no screening to evaluate sense of smell or taste
What is the history assessment for an individual with sensory perception issues
family, medications, lifestyle, occupation, social, environment, chronic disease, glasses or hearing aids, symptom focused
What is the history assessment for reproduction
family, menstrual, pregnancy, sexual, STDs, completed screening tests, immunizations, dietary, drugs
The pediatric nurse compares the sources of stress in preschoolers of different ages. Which source creates stress in both 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds?
fears
gameotogenesis
formation of reproductive cells
Interrelated concepts of stress
functional ability, family dynamics, anxiety, coping, perfusion, mood and affect, sleep, immunity, sexuality, cognition
What are the 3 common attributes of sexual development
gender identity, sexual response, capacity for meaningful intimate relationships
Secondary literature
generated by using original research (evidence summaries, systematic reviews & meta-analyses, practice guidelines)
Primary literature
generated from original research (quantitative, qualitative, mixed-design)
Sex glands or gonads produce
germ cells (oocytes, spermatozoa)
What are primary prevention methods for sensory perception
goggles, ear plugs, helmets, silver nitrate in newborns, oral hygiene
What are the interrelated concepts of evidence
health policy, health care economics, technology and informatics, safety
HIPDB stands for
healthcare integrity and protection data bank
Primary prevention of sexual health
patient education, condom use, safe-sex, HPV vaccine
What are the 5 phases of sexual response
motivation, arousal, genital congestion, orgasm, resolution
What is the failure to follow standard of care and is the direct cause of harm
negligence
What is the scope of stress
no stress to challenging to threatening
What is the scope of reproduction
not pregnant (by choice, not by choice) to pregnant (planned or unplanned)
What are examples of advance directives
power of attorney and living wills
What clinical evaluation occurs during first trimester
pregnancy test, CBC, Rh factor, Rubella titer, Hep B, Syphilis, HIV, Pap, STD, Amniocentesis, Emotional well-being
Lab tests that occur in reproduction assessment
pregnancy, STD, Rh factor, rubella titer
What are the physical findings during a sensory perception assessment
oral cavity and nose for patency, snellen chart, visual acuity, IOP, pupillary response, test tasting, smell testing, sharp/dull
Secondary prevention methods with reproduction
prenatal care in 2nd trimester, bloodwork, urine culture, pap smear, STD tests
What are the four rules of HIPPA
privacy, security, enforcement, breach notification
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about how to communicate with a client who is cognitively impaired. Which statements made by the nursing student indicate a need for further education?
provide visual cues, speak in normal tone, face client
What are characteristics of hospice
provided when curative care is forgone, requires physician certification that life expectancy is 6 months or less, almost half of patients who dies in the USA are under the care of hospice program
Hospice is not the same as palliative care as it
provides compassion, concern and support for persons in the last phases of a terminal disease
What are the minor attributes of evidence
publicly available, understandable, useable
Cochrane used
randomized, controlled trials to incorporate more evidence into the medical profession
How do neonates and infants display pain
rapid changes in behavior, distinctive motor movements
How do adolescents display pain
describe quantity and location
What are the psychological consequences that occur with vision
learning difficulties, depression, anxiety, loss of self-worth, difficulties with intrapersonal relationships
process of introducing, adopting, changing or repealing law
legislation
What are some challenges faced in the process of delegation?
limited, large, vulnerable
What are the 9 erogenous zones
lips, ears, toes, neck, breasts, vagina, cervix, penis, scrotum
process of seeking help through courts
litigation
What occurs with vision impairment
minor distortion to complete blindness, injury and development delays
What is the scope of sensory perception?
optimal functioning to impairment
What is the trajectory of disease
1. Short period of evident decline, 2. sudden death from complications or acute exacerbation, 3. long-term illness
What are the steps of applying evidence based practice
1. define the problem 2. Identify, review and evaluate the data applicable 3. Design a practice change based on data 4. Implement the change in nursing practice
What year was HIPPA established
1996
Embryonic period occurs
3 to 8 weeks after conception, differentiation of body systems, teratogenicity can occur
A client whose spouse recently died appears extremely depressed. The client says, "What's the use in talking? I'd rather be dead. I can't go on without my spouse." What is the best response by the nurse?
Are you thinking about killing yourself
Globally, how many people will need palliative care as a result of chronic noninfectious diseases
40 million
By 2030 people aged over
65 will outnumber young
Fetal period occurs
9th week after fertilization, final stage of development, increased fetal growth
What are the levels provided in evidence
A strongly recommends, B recommends, C no recommendations, D recommends against, I insufficient
agency designated to apply laws to individuals. Holds the legal authority for nursing practice. It established the requirements to obtain a license as well as issuing the license. It also set the scope of practice for nursing as a whole as well as determining educational standards. It also manages disciplinary procedures
Board of Nursing
What clinical evaluation occurs during second trimester
CBC, Glucose tolerance, MSAFP, Amniocentesis, Emotional well-being
What occurs while finding answers to practice questions or problems
Develop an answerable question, search the literature, Evaluate evidence, apply evidence found
The nurse is assessing a client with impaired hearing. Which action of the nurse is most important for establishing a good communication with the client?
Getting the client's attention before speaking
Secondary prevention methods of stress
Holmes life events scale or ways of coping checklist
What cranial nerves are important for vision
II (optic), III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), V (trigeminal), VI (abducens)
What is the preferred route of administration
IV
Why do pregnant women choose not to seek health care
Lack of trust, Abusive, Minor, Culture differences, no medical interventions, Financial
What are the 5 Ps of reproductive health?
Partners, Sexual Practices, Pregnancy, Protection from STIs, Past STIs
Who identifies four consecutive phases of human response
Masters and Johnson
statute and rules governing nurses in your state. Professional nursing is regulated by the states; nurses must hold a state issued license to practice nursing. Details of the practice of nursing can be found in the scope of practice for each state. It can vary from state to state describes the
Nurse Practice Act
What clinical evaluation occurs during third trimester
Strep, Screening diagnostic/ultrasound, emotional well-being
What cranial nerves are responsible for taste?
VII, IX, X
What cranial nerves are responsible for hearing
VIII (vestibulocochlear)
What are appropriate pain scales to use
Wong and Numeric
What is hospice care?
a system of family-centered care that allows clients to remain at home in comfort while easing the pains of terminal illness
Religious beliefs may affect
birth control
Implantation occurs
blastocyst - 6 days after fertilization
multidimensional concept that encompasses action or process of helping those who are suffering is known as
caregiving
Semmelweis determined
cause of fever in women after delivery was infection due to inadequate hand washing
Secondary prevention of sexual health
cervical cytologic screening, HIV screening, STI screening, screening for intimate partner violence
Provide some examples of common stressors
changes in roles and relationship, lack of time and energy, inability to meet personal self-care needs, financial depletion
Leading causes of death in the U.S. are no longer rapidly fatal - they are
chronic diseases such as cardiovascular problems, COPD, cancer, dementia
Approximately 30 hours after fertilization what occurs
cleavage (division of zygote)
Health care law is
collection of laws that have a direct impact on delivery of health care or on the relationships among those in the business of health care or between the providers and recipients of health care
Nursys
comprehensive electronic information system including collection and warehousing of nurse licensing information and disciplinary actions
Evidence is
conscientious, explicit and judicious use of theory-derived, research-based information in making decisions about care delivery patients
How do preschoolers display pain
cry and struggle, may deny pain
What are the psychological or emotional factors of stress
death of a spouse, divorces, loss of a child, caring for disabled spouse/ child, cancer diagnosis, financial
What are the age-related differences in older adults with sensory perception
decline of sensory function, presbycusis (hearing loss), ability of smell decreases
Nightingale discovered
decreased infection rates during Crimean War with infection control practices
What are the 5 stages of grief
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
What are the interrelated concepts of reproduction
hormonal regulation, gas exchange, perfusion, sexuality, nutrition
What are the categories of palliative care
hospice care, symptom management, supportive care, end-of-life care, comfort care
Sex is one of four primary drives, the others are
hunger, thirst, avoidance of pain
What are risk factors of stress
impaired cognition, chronic conditions, life changes, SES, caregiver, individual in foreign country, illiteracy
What are clinical findings of stress
impaired stress response including fatigue, shortness of breath, pain
What are the risk factors of reproduction?
impoverished population, adolescents, biophysical, psychosocial, sociodemographic, evironmental
Fertilization usually occurs
in lower third of fallopian tube
Assistive Reproductive Technology (ART) includes
in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI)
Aldosterone causes
increase in sodium and water retention
What are the signs and symptoms of ovulation
increased basal body temperature, cervical mucus increases, pain on one side, cervix repositions itself, higher and more forward
Norepinephrine/Epinephrine cause what reactions in stress
increased heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, perfusion, bronchial dilation, pupil dilation, glucose
Cortisol causes
increased protein synthesis, glucose
ADH causes
increased water retention
CNAs, Physicians, Social workers, Pastoral/spiritual counselor, Nurses, Bereavement counselor, Admin staff, Pharmacist, Dietary specialist, Volunteers, Physical therapists, Occupational therapists, Speech language pathologist are all known as
interdisciplinary team for hospice
What is stress
internal/external event or demand of life experienced by the individual that is perceived and appraised for scope and meaning on a continuum to determine resources and abilities for management that are available, exceeded or exhausted
What are the interrelated concepts of sensory perception
intracranial regulation, nutrition, mobility, development, pain, functional ability
What is the process of vision
iris allows light to enter the eye, lens convert the light to electrical impulses in retina, travel to optic nerve
Impairment of touch
leads to injury and reduction in ADLs
What is the scope of palliative care
offered across lifespan and illness trajectory from diagnosis to bereavement
process of putting laws into action through the establishment of rules
regulation
findings are consistent
reliability
findings are verified when repeated in other studies
replicability
What are the major attributes of evidence
replicability, reliability, validity
How do toddlers display pain
restlessness, guarding of painful site, excessive crying
What is a tactile assessment
romberg test for balance
Touch mediates
sensations of pain, temperature, pressure and itching
What is monofilament testing
sensory neuro, tool bends with vibration
What is the scope of sexual health
sexual well-being (sexual function) to sexual ill-being (sexual dysfunction)
What is included on the grief wheel
shock, protest, disorganization, reorganization
What are the clinical findings in an individual with sensory perception issues
sight loss, double vision, blurry vision, floaters, tinnitus, pain, fluid, thrush, metallic, numbness, tingling
Taste occurs when
signals from taste buds travel via nervous system and merge with odor signals from digestive organs before being interpreted by the brain
Physiological stress factors
skin burns, birth of a baby, trauma injury, myocardial infarction, acute renal failure
Touch is the
somatosensory response that travels from skin to brain
Sexual health is
state of well-being in relation to sexuality across lifespan
How do school age children display pain
stiff body posture, withdrawn
Primary prevention methods for stress
stress management, counseling, maintenance of positive relationships, maintenance of optimal health
What are causes of female sexual disorders
stress, anxiety, depression
What is the SNS response to stress
stressor, hypothalamus response, corticotropin (releasing factor)
A registered nurse is teaching an adolescent female client with irregular menstruation about contraception. Which statements made by the client indicates the need for further education?
the calendar method of oral contraception is best suitable for me, condoms do not offer protection against STIs, oral contraceptive pills offer protection from STIs
Plan of care is first based on, second based on
the patient and family's realistic expectations then on team's assessment, recommendations, and support
Reproduction is
total process by which organisms produce offspring
What are the attributes of palliative care
total, active, individualized care, support for the family, interdisciplinary team approach, effective communication, optimal symptom management
What instruction would the nurse be most likely to give a client with reduced sensory perception to prevent injury from scalding?
use a bath thermometer
accuracy of application and findings
validity
What is included in the physiological processes of sensory perception
vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch
What are the age-related differences in infants and children with sensory perception
visual acuity progresses, hearing fully developed at birth, ability to detect few odors, taste discrimination, well-developed sense of touch
Physical findings in reproduction assessment
weight gain, blood pressure, fundal height, edema, fetal heart sounds