NURS 104 ULL

A patient is eligible to change health care providers and insurance and asks, "I am interested in health promotion activities; I walk, swim, and eat healthy. Which health insurance plan would support these activities rather than just pay for services when I am sick?" Which, if any, health insurance plan would best meet the needs of this patient?

health maintenance organization (HMO)

A patient is upset because her health insurance plan refused to pay for a mammogram and services by a women's health specialist because the primary care physician did not order the referral or the mammogram. Which type of insurance plan adheres to this type of payment system?

health maintenance organization (HMO)

To best improve patient outcomes on an acute care hospital unit, which intervention should the nursing staff advocate for?

increasing staffing on the evening shift

What entity establishes the "rules" for nursing practice?

individual state boards of nursing

A nurse who is conducting a staff in-service on phases of a disaster continuum teaches participants that, during the impact/response stage, activities focus on what?

initiating effective, appropriate response activities

In the triad of health care, which would be considered the third-party payer?

insurance company

Which statement about qualitative research is correct?

interviews are the primary means of collecting data that enable the researcher to describe unclear phenomena.

World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by

introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists

The Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) is accurately described by which statement?

it consists of responders who have obtained specialized training and equipment to deal with mass casualty events

When reviewing the literature on the effects of Medicaid on health care for the poor, what common problem would the nurse researcher find?

lack of consistent providers

Although communication varies among members of different cultures, the greatest obstacle to providing multicultural care is differences in _____.

language

Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) have attempted to reduce health care costs by decreasing what component of care?

length of hospital stay

The emergency response team responded to a terrorist attack where hundreds of people died following symptoms of chest tightness, palpatations, seizures, and finally paralysis. A colorless odorless liquid known as Sarin (GB) was the agent, which is primarily inhaled with limited exposure through the skin. The concentration of Sarin has not been measured. What level is the minimum level of personal protection and safety equipment (PPE) that would be needed?

level B

A group of local volunteers have completed an emergency response course and are able to assist with triage of injured citizens. They also participate in local health fairs to teach residents how to react during tornadoes. The responders are members of what organization?

medical reserve corps (MRC)

the largest single payer of hospital charges in the United States is _____

medicare

An elderly person, age 80, is finding it difficult to live alone and the family is considering long-term care. The elderly person is reasonably healthy, with only normal aging declines,and maintains a healthy appetite. All medications are administered orally and require only minimal assistance. She is financially secure with an income based on retirement from both the military and factory from her deceased husband and herself. The family contacts long-term care and is given what information, based on this patient's situation?

medicare will pay for home health services should these additional services meet the needs of the individual (medicare does not cover home health care)

A nurse interested in life satisfaction among patients receiving hemodialysis reviews databases and identifies relevant studies which are then statistically analyzed providing generalization through multiple studies. The nurse researcher is using which type of research?

meta-analysis

Following a terrorist attack, victims are exhibiting posttraumatic stress syndrome, and care providers are exhibiting compassion fatigue. Which federal response system should be initiated to begin to address victim and provider psychosocial needs?

metropolitan medical response system (MMRS)

Which type of theory most often guides present nursing practice?

middle range theory

In the last years what have studies conducted to determine enrollment trends in nursing schools found related to the predicted nursing shortage?

more young people chose to enter the profession of nursing

A nurse is caring for a client who just suffered a stroke and is medicated for pain. The nurse completes the following interventions: places the client on the examining table, completes a thorough history and physical, covers the client with a sheet, places the call button within reach, and goes out in the hall to speak with the client's primary care provider. The client tries to get up to speak with his family and falls, sustaining a hematoma on the head and a broken hip. The nurse's actions reflect which legal claim?

negligence

A nurse is caring for a client with malignant hypertension whose blood pressure has increased by 40 mm Hg during the past hour. The nurse goes to lunch and fails to report the change to the physician. The nurse is at risk for being charged with which legal claim?

negligence

A 72-year-old client is admitted to have the right kidney removed after a diagnosis of cancer. The surgeon removed the left kidney. Medicare will no longer pay for preventable medical errors known as ____________.

never events

A nurse who is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) while working in the operating room seeks revenge by deliberately placing clients at risk by not adhering to universal precautions. This nurse is violating what ethical principle?

nonmaleficence

A new graduate nurse is applying for the exciting first position and states, "I am only applying to Magnet hospitals because those work environments:

not only attract but also retain professional nurses

The primary health care provider who insists on providing treatment in spite of the client's wishes because "I know best" is reflecting an attitude referred to as what?

paternalism

a nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of the human experience of surviving polio. Subject recruitment targets persons who have been diagnosed with the disease. The researcher reflects on the data and identifies common themes to understand the "lived experience." These characteristics are consistent with which qualitative research method?

phenomenology

The statement, "Nursing is a caring profession that focuses on helping people be as healthy as possible," is an example of what term?

philosophy

A contractual agreement between the insurer and the provider in which covered members are encouraged to use specific health care providers in return for reduced rates is referred to as which type of arrangement?

preferred provider organization (PPO)

Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for large numbers of individuals in the event of a natural or manmade disaster. These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?

preparedness

A nurse researcher who is seeking funding for a study should identify _____ of funding agencies.

priorities

The type of insurance that shifts the largest percentage of costs for goods and services to employees and consumers is _____________ insurance.

private

A nurse is newly employed by a state-owned hospital that provides health care insurance requiring a deductible paid by the employee with most of the premium cost covered by the employer. The insurance provided to the nurse is referred to by what term?

private health insurance

______ shifts more costs to employees and consumers than does any other type of insurance.

private insurance

stress, shift work, mandatory overtime and verbal abuse by patients an other health care providers are examples of ________

psychological hazards

The primary purpose of licensure is protection of the ___________.

public

The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) _________ design.

quasi-experimental

A nurse is interested in learning the phases of the disaster continuum and realizes it has many similarities to the nursing process. To better understand the phases of a disaster, which is true when comparing the phases of the disaster continuum to the nursing process?

the preparedness phase of the disaster continuum is consistent with the assessment and planning steps of the nursing process

A nurse learns of a mass casualty disaster following a known terrorist attack. On arriving at the scene, the nurse knows that care will be based on what fact regarding these situations?

the same ground rules practiced in other settings and during smaller crises will be available

What term is used to identify the general explanations that scholars use to explain, predict, control, and understand commonly occurring events?

theories

The crisis communication officer may first inform the public or health care facility of a disaster or an act of terrorism. What is the primary responsibility of this representative regarding information regarding the event?

to provide understandable and straightforward facts about the event within the facility and possibly to the news media

What is the focus of care during the relief response phase of a disaster resulting from a "dirty bomb"?

treatment for burns and poisoning is provided for victims

Nurses caring for the victims of a mass casualty incident based on what principle?

triaging will give priority for care to those with the greatest chance of survival rather than those most critically ill

In attempting to decide which services should be offered to a community, the public health nurse decides to implement hypertension screening and treatment because most of the residents are hypertensive. This decision is based on what ethical principle?

utilitarianism

The precise classification of clients according to the highest diagnosis-related group (DRG) has created a new role for nurses, known as a _____ nurse.

utilization review

In the preparedness phase for disasters, the community plans for a possible terrorist attack using anthrax as the weapon of destruction. What treatments and/or preparations would be needed?

vaccines and level B personal protection equipment (PPE)

A 13-year-old female is brought to the family planning clinic by her enraged father, who has just learned that she is pregnant. The pregnant client states, "I want to have this baby and give it up for adoption." However, the father is adamant that she will disgrace the family and demands that the health care providers tell his daughter that she has a physical condition that would prohibit her from carrying this baby to a viable stage. The nurse realizes that this is a conflict that involves what ethical principle?

veracity

An older adult client is comatose and had one electroencephalogram that indicated no activity. The daughter is very distraught and notices her mother's hand moves when she is talking to her. The daughter asks the nurse, "Is mother responding to my voice?" The nurse, attempting to console the daughter, knows the movement was involuntary but states, "It does appear she did." The nurse is violating which principle of ethics?

veracity

A nurse works on a unit where electronic health records (EHR) are being initiated and asks, "What is meant by 'meaningful use' standards that are in our education packet?" What statement provides the best answer to the nurse's question?

It identifies a set of EHR proficiencies and benchmarks that must meet assure the process is functioning to maximum capacity.

A client involved in a motor vehicle accident is blinded. The nurse helps the client obtain a guide dog so the client may continue grocery shopping and visiting friends and family. This enables the client to cope with the handicap and perform activities of daily living. Which nursing theory can be applied to this scenario?

Orem's self-care deficit

What statement accurately describes findings when paper-and-pencil medical records are compared with computer-based records?

Patients have the right to know that the confidentiality of their records is strictly maintained, regardless of the type of medical record used.

What statement accurately describes what it means to practice in a compact state?

Patients' rights in relation to the nurse practice act are protected by the mutual recognition model.

The number of reported medical errors demonstrates a need for what priority intervention?

Performance competency exercises

What term is used to identify that a student nurse's competency is determined based on actual client care rather than traditional testing methods?

Performance-based assessment

Nurses entering the workforce at a large urban hospital soon began volunteering for excessive overtime. A focus group found that upon graduation, many of these nurses purchased expensive cars and furniture. They lacked skills in managing their checkbook and were often unable to pay recurring bills; this finding would be relevant to which component of the Workforce Advocacy Ecosystem Model?

Personal and social factors

Nurses on a busy medical schedule want to reduce documentation time and improve order entry. Additionally, patient records from previous visits are often incomplete or do not include care from other providers. To improve patient care, a taskforce suggests using an Electronic Medical Record for 1 month to determine whether this provides the desired outcomes. This unit is participating in which type of study?

Pilot

A nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive an antibiotic drug that causes severe skin damage when infiltrated. The order reads, "infuse over 1 hour by port-a-cath." When the nurse accesses the Personal Digital Assistant that lists the steps to access a port-a-cath, what type of computer software is being used?

Point-of-care technology

A nurse is part of the policy committee for a hospital. The committee is provided with statistics indicating that patients participating in a satisfaction survey felt they lacked sufficient information about new drugs started while hospitalized and continued after discharge. In addition, charts noted high recidivism rates. The committee recommended that a formalized patient education plan be instituted to reconcile all medications and provide patient information about new medications. The committee is using which component of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2011 message?

Policy is based on data, which provides the groundwork for decision making.

A member of a nursing students study group comments, "We spend some time early in the class discussing key facts then most of the time working through case studies, then practicing on the simulator rather than caring for 'real' patients." This teaching-learning style represents what form of nursing education?

Practice-based competency

A nursing student asks, "I wonder if the reason that the nursing shortage is so severe is that registered nurses are unhappy with their jobs." Which statement provides the answer provided by the National Survey of Registered Nurses?

Practicing registered nurses are satisfied with their job and most remain with same employer they worked for the previous year.

The use of herbs, which has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today's health care milieu, had roots originating when?

Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages

Which experience is best designed to support a nursing student's preparation for interprofessional team participation?

Presenting patient information at the daily care planning meeting

_______________ occurs when a physician predicts the course and outcome of a disease process.

Prognostication

What is the primary purpose of licensure for professional registered nurses?

Protecting the public from physical and emotional harm

What was the stated goal of the Affordable Care Act of 2011?

Provide health care benefits to millions who were previously uninsurable or unable to afford insurance

A nurse is submitting a grant application to improve access to health care and mortality for minority groups. The grant focuses on the six causes of death that are identified as priorities for minorities, which include what medical diagnosis?

breast cancer

a nurse interested in quality improvement tools performed a search for cause and effect diagrams using www.ishikawa.com. A page opened that provided images and templates for performing fishbone diagrams. Which type of search did the nurse conduct?

brute force

Although a hospital reversed all charges when a client was the victim of wrong site surgery, the court awarded the client $1.5 million. The client could return to work in 6 weeks and had no permanent damages. This monetary compensation is referred to by what term?

Punitive damages

Which type of data analysis results in the non-numerical organization of data?

Qualitative

A nurse is interested in studying the rituals of a tribe living in remote areas of Africa. The researcher is accepted into the tribe and observes firsthand the rituals practiced. Themes were analyzed to arrive at a description of the culture including rituals. The nurse is practicing which type of research?

Qualitative, ethnography

When focusing on addressing issues identified by the 2000 Institute of Medicine report, the nursing faculty will access information associated with which initiative?

Quality and Safety in Nursing Education

A researcher is interested in learning if elderly persons perceive their health to be satisfactory even with comorbidities and chronic illness. A large multisite assistive living facility will be the site. The researcher lists residents in alphabetical order and chooses every third person on the list. To ensure improved generalizability, the researcher will implement what process?

Randomization

A nurse is caring for a client who just consented to an elective abortion. The nurse is unsure of his or her own values as they relate to this issue. What action should the nurse take to address this barrier to providing effective care to the client?

Reflect on one's personal values and how these values relate to beliefs and the philosophy of nursing

What is the best way for the individual nurse to maintain the most effective professional image?

Renew membership in a nursing organization

A nurse is concerned because novice nurses are having their orientation period shortened and are being placed in charge nurse positions. The nurse has documented unsafe care and decisions by these novice nurses. To be protected from retaliation by the employer, this nurse must "blow the whistle" by doing what?

Reporting concerns to state and/or national agencies regulating the agency

What should the nurse who is licensed in Georgia and moves to Oregon should do initially in preparation for seeking a nursing position as a pediatric nurse?

Review Oregon's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement.

What is the initial step when addressing an ethically challenging situation?

Review the overall situation to identify the core issues.

A nurse believes that humans use creativity and critical thinking to balance their connections with their surroundings. The nurse decides to conduct a study based on this belief. Which nursing theory would be best for this study?

Rogers' science of unitary human beings: humans as energy fields that interact constantly with the environment

Which factor has steadily grown in its negative influence on nursing education and practice?

Societal displays of incivility

A young child is having abdominal pain, and the doctor informs the parents that a computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan of the abdomen will be ordered. The doctor tells the child, "This CAT scan won't hurt you." The child is visibly upset because of a fear of cats. According to Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory, which stage of the framework is represented?

Stimuli frame

Which trend is an effect of the nursing shortage on nursing education and ultimately a safety issue regarding client care?

Students may be assigned to preceptors who have not yet developed expertise in the field of interest

Which statement correctly applies to a person's personal suffering?

Suffering can exist without the experience of pain

Nursing legislation is to be current and reviewed annually by specific dates. If a nurse practice act fails to be reviewed, it is automatically rescinded under which law?

Sunset legislation

A public health nurse is interested in determining which educational programs are needed in the aggregates served. The researcher personally interviews individuals who are walking on the streets in the community. What type of research design is this?

Survey

A client arrives in active labor and exhibits toxemia with irregular fetal heart tones. The client is an immigrant and is uninsured. Which act would prevent the client from being transferred to another facility?

The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Law

Although the media portrayed nursing in a negative light in M*A*S*H through the character of a promiscuous, uncaring nurse, it also provided Americans with a promising glimpse of what true nursing characteristic?

The ability of nurses to cope with the dreadfulness of war by using humor

The disaster medical assistance team works quickly to contain contaminants from a chemical plant explosion. Afterward, personnel undergo a special process to remove harmful chemicals from equipment and supplies. This removal process is referred to by what term?

decontamination

Two individuals with no health insurance or money sustained life-threatening injuries during an automobile accident. The decision was made to provide extended care in the trauma center after emergency surgery was performed to save their lives. The care of the two critical clients was based on what ethical principle?

deontology

What should the RN do when asked to accept a patient assignment that he or she may feel unqualified to manage?

determine whether he or she is familiar with the types of patients being assigned

An older adult client was admitted to the hospital with the condition classified as "pneumonia." Reimbursement for care was based on a predetermined fixed price. What is this classification system referred to as?

diagnosis related groups (DRGs)

The oldest, most traditional type of program that prepares a candidate for RN licensure is the hospital-based _________ program.

diploma

When the client is unable to make medical decisions, authorization that allows another person to make these decisions is referred to by what term?

durable power of attorney

An RN with a diploma preparation wants to participate in decisions about health care and decides the first step is to obtain a BSN. The nurse enrolls in a nursing program offering self-scheduling and a self-paced curriculum. This nurse is taking advantage of what characteristic of the nursing profession?

educational mobility

A client who is reading a newspaper asks, "This article about health care states that many providers of health care lack effectiveness. What is the difference between effectiveness and efficiency?" The nurse best responses with what statement?

effective means performing the correct tests or intervention whereas efficiency refers to the wise use of supplies and resources for the desired outcome

A state is devastated by a tornado killing many people, destroying communication systems, utility services, homes, and medical facilities. The state requests immediate assistance from the U.S. Congress and from surrounding states. The affected state should first contact what agency?

emergency management assistance compact (EMAC)

A nurse executive is concerned that the hospital's mortality rate exceeds the national average and searches the literature finding Aiken's 2011 Survey on the effects of nurse staffing and education on mortality, including work environment. If Aiken's recommendations are followed, which change would be most effective?

employing bachelor's prepared nurses who participate in interprofessional rounds with attending physicians where their voices are heard

Practicing nurses participate in employer-sponsored professional development classes that provide case studies related to ethical situations and decision making. Ethical considerations are debated among teams, and an expert helps the class arrive at the "best practices." The nurses are experiencing ________

ethics acculturation

A nurse is caring for a recent Asian immigrant client and is overheard making the following comment, "These rituals you believe in are false. You live in America now and must believe in realistic health practices, like Americans do." The nurse is exhibiting behavior associated with what belief?

ethnocentrism

the belief that ones own ethnic group, culture, or nation is best

ethnocentrism

What was the purpose of the Nurse Reinvestment Act of 2002?

focused on nurse retention and safety enhancement grants to address the current nursing shortage

A nurse who functions in the role of team leader can be held negligent for matters involving what focus?

Delegation

A student asks, "What are core competencies?" The nursing instructor demonstrates an understanding of core competencies when providing what response?

"They are the skills necessary to provide for safe, competent nursing practice."

A community health nurse has been visiting a postpartum client who experienced domestic violence throughout the pregnancy, and now she and the infant may be at risk. The nurse assisted the client in finding shelter and legal protection. Which conceptual framework is the basis for the nurse's safety interventions?

Change agent, according to Roy's adaptation model

A patient wants to reduce health care costs by being a model for making wise decisions that both promote health and reduce cost. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?

"i will ask for the brand name drug tylenol rather than acetaminophen since it works better and i won't be sick as long"

Which nurse died after deliberately acquiring two bites from yellow fever carrier mosquitoes to enable her to provide care to soldiers with yellow fever during the Spanish-American War?

Clara Maas

A prospective nursing student who researches universities that offer a baccalaureate degree in nursing would want to ensure that the program is accredited by what agency?

Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)

when working with the family of a patient receiving palliative care, what is the nurse's initial intervention?

Complete an assessment of the family's strengths and weaknesses

Which patient's decision-making capacity should be a concern for the palliative care nurse?

the patient with a diagnosis of moderate Alzheimer's disease

A new graduate from a master's entry program in nursing announces, "I just passed my clinical nurse leader certification examination." Certification as a clinical nurse leader provides acknowledgement of what nursing achievement?

Demonstrating advanced nursing skills and knowledge

A student nurse is preparing a presentation that requires identification of outcomes for the care of heart failure patients. Which statement represents an appropriately written outcome?

Develop a teaching program to address physical activities that result in improved cardiac function.

According to the Palliative Performance Scale which patient is considered to possess 70% of normal function?

40 year old diagnosed with AIDS whose condition makes it impossible to hold a job.

A physician shares with the patient's family that, while a central line was being inserted, the patient's lungs were inadvertently punctured, which required oxygen administration. The physician also explains that a chest x-ray indicated the lung remained intact and no additional treatment was required. The physician's role in this instance is based on what legal principle?

Disclosure

What does the demographics of the 21st century nursing population indicate?

61% of nurses practice in hospitals.

A primary health provider prescribes a drug for a patient with a known allergy, it is administered and results in anaphylactic shock. what statement is accurate regarding disclosure of this event?

Disclosure as an essential component of the national patient safety movement.

A nurse is preparing a presentation using different websites to collect information. The nurse is concerned that contact information and the author's credentials are not listed for one of the websites reviewed. Which criterion required to establish a reputable website is missing?

Authority

Institutional review boards determine whether research studies involving human subjects will achieve what?

Avoid causing harm to research subjects

What information was provided by the Institute of Medicine report?

A call for increasing the number of baccalaureate-prepared nurses in the workforce to 80% by 2020

A nurse studied a community to determine if there were clients who would benefit from a hospice program if one were developed. This is an example of what type of research?

A needs assessment method

A consumer is learning about electronic health records at a local health fair and states, "I am worried that someone can read my health information and I really don't understand the difference between privacy and confidentiality." The nurse provides what as an example of confidentiality?

A pledge that states, "I will hold matters pertaining to my patients in strict intimacy"

A client and her husband used in-vitro fertilization to become pregnant. The unused sperm was frozen so the couple could have more children later. The husband is killed while in combat, and the client journals her choices and the possible ramifications. She comes to the fertility clinic after looking at the situation from many perspectives and after considering many alternatives. She asks that the sperm be destroyed because her husband's faith prohibited remarrying, and allowing another person to use the sperm would conflict with her late husband's beliefs. When considering this scenario, the nurse realizes what?

A rational decision was reached that was based on reflection and on the value systems of the wife and the husband.

What is the priority intervention to improve work-related quality of life for nurses?

Improving working relationships between staff nurses and nursing administration

A nurse is evaluating Levin's Theory of Conservation to determine if it can be applied to patients in the initial phases of chemotherapy treatment. During this phase of theory acceptance, the nurse wants to determine if all the concepts of energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity are included in the care of cancer treatment. The nurse is applying which criteria of theory acceptance?

Inclusiveness

A nurse develops a new nursing theory related to stress and viability. The nurse determines the theory accounts for historical events in which soldiers suffering from the stress of inadequate clothing to protect them from the cold and lack of correspondence from home had an increased mortality related to gunshot wounds. The theory will predict gunshot victims' need for proper clothing and letters from significant others as they serve in Iraq. Which criterion for theory acceptance is being validated?

Accuracy

How can nurses best combat the nursing shortage?

Advocating for funds to pay for nursing education and a safer work environment

A physician reports to administration that the nurse working last evening is unethical, based on observing the nurse educate the patient about a new medication ordered. The physician demanded the nurse be reprimanded and reminded that only physicians have the educational background to teach patients about new medications. Which comment and action by the administrator would be most effective in changing nurse-physician relationships in this instance?

After investigating the situation, thank the physician while also providing information that patient education related to medication is within the scope of practice of registered nurses. Share the physician's concern and administrator's response with the nurse so both parties are aware of the resolution of the concerns.

Which organization provides federal funding for research?

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

What does the Spirit of Nursing statue honor?

All military nurses for their service, bravery, and compassion

When reading about nursing as a career, a student is interested in learning about violence in the profession. Which statement accurately reflects violence in health care and the profession of nursing?

All nurses should be advocates for violence prevention programs.

A nurse is completing the degree requirements for an advanced practice role as a nurse practitioner and is concerned about certification requirements. Which statement concerning certification for advanced practice is true?

All states require certification for all specialty roles that are identified as advanced practice.

The advanced practice nurse who is seeking information about requirements for practice in a specialized area should contact what nursing organization?

American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)

What is the primary factor that characterizes a patient receiving palliative care?

An interest in exploring available life-sustaining treatment options

What factor has attributed to a situation where qualified nursing school applicants have continued to be turned away, limiting enrollment due to a shortage of faculty?

Increasing job competition from higher paying clinical sites, even as the economy recovers

When applying Nightingale's theory to current practice, the nurse's first step will be to evaluate the hospital room's air quality. What should be the nurse's second step?

Arrange for the client's window blinds to remain open as appropriate

What demographic change has the greatest impact on the practice of nurses, nursing students, and faculty?

Increasing numbers of obese children and adults

A nurse walks up to a computer in the hallway and presses the index finger to the sensor, thereby gaining access to patient data. A few moments later another nurse performs the same steps and is granted access. A visitor who is watching from a room walks over and places the index finger on the sensor, only to receive an "error and access denied" message. This security feature is a result of what form of technology?

Biometric

A nurse is assigned to a unit other than the one she is normally assigned due to increased census on the alternate unit. She is assigned to care for seven patients and participates in walking rounds where the patient's condition and needs are discussed between oncoming and off-going shifts of the interdisciplinary team. The nurse carefully makes notes of all pending orders and prioritizes needs. The nurse enters the cafeteria later and the notes accidentally fall from her pocket, which contain the above information that contains patient sensitive data. The liabilities arising from this incident would be covered under what issue?

Compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

What action is considered a nursing responsibility when participating in a nurse licensure compact?

Complying with the nursing practice laws in the state where practicing at the time care is rendered

A nurse practicing on a unit where domestic violence is common wants to learn how to apply nursing theory to practice on this unit. The nurse considers the interrelatedness of the constructs of Watson's Theory of Caring and creates a design related to what?

Conceptual model of caring

A nurse plans to move to an area that is rich in immigrants from several countries and is concerned about respecting others' cultural beliefs. What is the nurse's first step to ensure cultural competence and sensitivity?

Conducting a cultural self-assessment to identify biases or prejudices

The Health Care Reform Act provides insurance for all U.S. citizens and legal residents presenting far-reaching ethical considerations related to diverse individual patient health care beliefs for those delivering nursing care. Nurses must consider their civil rights under the rights of conscience and how new health care agendas such as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) could affect their practice in situations that may conflict with their own belief system. What action demonstrates a nurse attempt to act in accordance with this responsibility?

Considering whether the right to act according to one's inner beliefs will continue to be permissible when federal health insurance becomes fully enacted

to request licensure to practice in France, a nurse licensed in the United States must engage in what initial step?

Contacting the International Council of Nurses (ICN) or the nursing regulatory board of that country

A nurse is interested in learning how reminiscence therapy can improve memory in cognitively intact persons over the age of 65 years. Findings from three groups are compared. Group 1 receives music therapy, Group 2 receives life review therapy, and Group 3 does not receive therapy, but data are collected from all three groups and compared. Group 3 is known as what?

Control group

A blood reaction occurrence is noted in a client who did not receive pretransfusion care as clearly documented in the facility's policies and procedures. The nurse providing care is liable for which legal tort?

Criminal negligence

A priority action for the nurse who works with culturally diverse clients to complete initially is completion of additional form of support?

Cultural self-assessment

A client states, "I am leaving. No one here knows what they are doing." The nurse completing the Against Medical Advice form must implement what intervention to best assure client safety?

Inform the client that leaving could result in complications and impairment.

a nurse providing care at the bedside receives an alert that a patient's stat potassium level is 2.5 and a dose of digoxin is scheduled. The nurse holds the medication and prevents a possible complication. This feature of the Electronic Health Record is available through which core function of EHR?

Decision support

An advanced practice nurse inputs into a computer software program the following clinical manifestations: open wound with tibia exposed, petechial hemorrhage, and temporary loss of consciousness. The computer diagnosis of fat emboli is generated by what information associated system?

Decision support

When differentiating between slander and libel, the nurse knows that libel is characterized by what action?

Defamation caused by subjective comments written in the nurse's notes

According to the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act which statement is true concerning needle safety?

Employers are required to document how and where a sharps injury occurred, including the brand of device that was involved.

What was an original purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935?

Ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system

It has been said that "history repeats itself because no one was listening the first time." Which statement is true when comparing the nursing care provided in the Civil War (1861 to 1865) to that provided during the Crimean War?

Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing care in both wars.

A new trend in nursing education that is consistent with real-world practice is focused on what activity?

Establishing appropriate outcomes

A nurse researcher determines whether findings are substantial by calculating the level of significance. Which aspect of the scientific inquiry is being conducted?

Evaluation

Which nursing model is referred to as the "class without walls" since it is not limited by geographic location?

External degree

A nursing student planning to apply for licensure knows that being charged with which offense would result in a misdemeanor criminal offense?

Failing to report elder abuse

A client asks the nurse, "Can you explain the amendment to the Social Security Act called Title XVIII to me?" The nurse demonstrates an understanding of this legislation when providing what response?

It ensured that individuals with end-stage renal disease had health care insurance.

A registered nurse is on break and checking e-mails. One e-mail contains a picture of a celebrity who is a patient in the hospital, and on the same floor, where the nurse works. Included with the photo is a message, "check out my Facebook," which contains additional photographs of the patient. The nurse immediately deletes the picture to prevent having to report the "friend" to supervisors. Based on the action of the nurse who received the message,which statement is correct?

Failing to report receiving the message demonstrates poor ethical and legal role-modeling as well as placing the nurse at risk for discipline.

What accomplishment is Clara Barton best known for?

Founding the American Red Cross

Although the use of technology and the Internet provide nursing faculty and students with unlimited resources and current information, what undesirable outcome has become associated with this trend?

Getting distracted and spending a disproportionate amount of time looking for relevant content

A qualitative researcher reviews data collected with a grief support group to develop a theory of how widows and widowers mourn. The researcher is using which qualitative research design?

Grounded theory

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2003) recommends that electronic health records (EHR) systems offer eight functionalities. A patient has a severe allergy to eggs and penicillin. Which of the eight functions of the EHR would address sharing this information?

Health information and data capture

The principle of autonomy is best supported by what intervention made available to palliative care patients?

Helping the patient decide on the details of their advanced plan of care

Which statement is true regarding health care for minorities?

Higher costs of health care coupled with lower wages for minorities have prevented most minorities from seeking health care.

A client is hypertensive, and the doctor prescribes weight reduction. The client is excited about beginning the diet, but on arriving home the spouse states, "You have always been fat, and I am not going to starve because you can't control yourself." The client becomes anxious and is unable to participate in the diet plan, resulting in a weight gain of 5 pounds in 2 weeks. Which theorist could best be referred to for guidance regarding interventions in this situation?

Hildegard E. Peplau

Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their community. One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute care services. Which piece of legislation should the student use as a reference?

Hill-Burton Act

Nursing in the 1990s was characterized by what health care focus?

Identifying health promotion associated with preventable diseases

A nurse is concerned about a trend in the hospital to regularly "float" nurses to different areas of the hospital based on staff shortage regardless of recent experience in caring for the population on the unit. When deciding to accept a staffing assignment in this situation, the nurse considers a "safe harbor." What is meant by "safe harbor"?

It is written a notice about recurrent staffing issues that allows nurses to continue to care for patients placed in their care but protects their nurse's license while an investigation is conducted.

During a search for the term informatics, what should the nurse determine about the site's affiliation when the domain ".edu," is noted?

It's an educational institution

A nurse plans activity of daily living to prevent excessive fatigue while allowing the patient to exercise autonomy in selecting what they wear. This nurse is best applying which theory to practice?

Levine's Theory of Conservation

A person interested in employment in the health care sector has less than 1 year to devote to education and wants to focus on functional aspects of patient care in a long-term facility. Which type of nursing program should this person request information about?

Licensed practical nurse (LPN)

A nurse holds a license in one state but wishes to practice in a second state that is not participating in a nurse licensure compact agreement. The nurse is granted licensure on payment of a fee but does not retake the licensure examination. The nurse has obtained licensure in the second state by what process?

Licensure by endorsement

The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to

Lillian Wald

occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?

Lillian Wald

A nurse is preparing a scholarly publication on the worldwide prevalence of hepatitis A. The most efficient and effective means of conducting an Internet search to gather information for this publication is to use what resource?

MEDLINE database

Which nursing theory might a nurse use as a conceptual framework to determine how to meet the needs of immigrants while ensuring provision of high-quality and culturally sensitive care?

Madeleine Leininger's

A nurse is heard making this comment, "I believe human dignity is based on perceived self-worth while caring is based on perceived role in society that forms the basis of nursing practice." This nurse's statement is associated with what action?

Making a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice

What is the key to organizational success for health care facilities?

Making effect to retaining practicing professional nurses

A newly hired nurse is asked to serve on a committee formed to recruit and retain nurses. What information is the nurse likely to learn at the committee meeting?

Many younger workers are less concerned with longevity and are willing to change institutions to achieve professional advancement and flexible work hours.

A nurse is given a referral to make a home visit to a Russian immigrant. The nurse knows very little about the health beliefs of this ethnic group. To research this group, what term should the nurse use in an Internet search?

Marginalized populations

What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing?

Mary Williams and Frances Rose are listed as nurses in the City of Baltimore Directory.

Which statement accurately describes the focus of the various types of nursing programs?

Master's programs such as that for the clinical nurse leader provide entry into practice with a focus on interdisciplinary and bedside nursing care for complex client populations.

A group of nurses are interested in the how to improve teaching effectiveness for patients who have a hearing impairment and lack family involvement while hospitalized. They believe "hearing loss decreases the teaching effectiveness while hospitalized." The group plans to evaluate teaching effectiveness using a 10-point Likert scale pre-post teaching, perform a hearing test to determine degree of hearing loss on admission, and have social work evaluate the impact of hearing impairment on patient's ability to safely live alone prior to discharge. The group is working in which step of the scientific process?

Method

At delivery the physician informs the mother who has practiced nursing for 10 years, "Your baby has Alport syndrome, but then I don't have to explain what that means with your medical background." The mother is unfamiliar with this disease and withdraws as a coping mechanism. Which nursing theory would provide a framework to guide nursing care for this mother?

Mishel's uncertainty of illness

What term is used to identify the process used to determine the relationships among related concepts and a common theme?

Model

Consumers are concerned with security issues related to their confidential health information being placed in an electronic health record (EHR). However, when the security of the EHR is compared with that of paper-and-pencil records, the EHR has been proven to be what?

More secure

On which website would a nurse find a list of current compact states that allow for a single license recognized in multiple states?

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)

The NCLEX examination is created and administered by which nursing body?

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)

Which nursing theory served as the foundation for nursing science?

Nightingale's theory of practice

What was the first field of nursing to certify advanced practitioners?

Nurse anesthesia

Which nurse best portrays nursing as a "knowledge worker"?

Nurse in matched scrubs with lab coat, hair back, small stud earrings

Hospitals surveyed nurses who terminated their employment to determine why they chose to leave. What is one of the most common reasons nurses are leaving hospital practice?

Nurse/patient ratio prevents safe care.

An acute care facility values job satisfaction among its registered nurses by implementing a shared governance model. Which element is a fundamental characteristic of this model?

Nurses have an active role in patient care decision making

With the crisis in health care and the nursing shortage, why is the image of nursing still important?

Nursing care is often delivered during a time of uncertainty, and the image of nurses during this time can reinforce trust in the nurse-patient relationship.

Which statement accurately describes the historical perspective of nursing practice?

Nursing has existed to meet the needs of populations, individuals, and aggregates by providing care that is determined by the needs and beliefs of society in different historical contexts.

A nurse is interested in locating reliable information concerning noninvasive blood glucose monitoring. Information is located, and the author is a scientist who conducted studies within the last year on the effectiveness of a noninvasive blood glucose monitor. The scientist received funding from a pharmaceutical company to support the studies. The URL indicates the pharmaceutical company site .com. The nurse is concerned about what component associated this information?

Objectivity

in determining whether this staffing concern should be reported to an outside agency, the nurse understands that what statement is true concerning the process identified as "whistle-blowing"?

One should seek guidance from a trusted individual who can provide an objective point of view.

A peaceful death is best characterized by which terminally ill patient?

One who has drifted from lethargy to coma

A nurse is reading an abstract about a study related to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. The purpose is stated as follows: "To examine the generalizability of two randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients with Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever to determine whether steroid therapy resulted in the positive outcomes." The nurse knows generalizability refers to what outcome?

The conclusion that findings can be generalized from the sample to the entire population

A comparison of nursing in the 1980s to nursing in the 1990s reveals what factor that contributes to health care as we know it today?

The demand for advanced practice nurses increased in the 1980s and the 1990s because of the economy and concern about the health of the nation.

Which situation would be considered a workforce advocacy issue that is reportable to the state nurses association or the Center for American Nurses if it is not resolved at the local level?

The key needed to change the sharps container is locked in the supervisor's office all day on weekends, preventing changing of the container when needed and places nurses at risk for needlesticks.

A nurse testifies at trail that a professional with the knowledge and skill of an RN should understand that, before administering digoxin, the client's potassium level and pulse level is always checked to prevent negative effects on cardiac output. The nurse's testimony as to what constitutes reasonable care is based on what criteria source?

The legal definition of standard of care

In which case does the nurse act as "whistle-blower"?

The nurse reports that another nurse is taking medications out of stock medicine for herself or himself

A nurse uses that health care concern as an example to best describe globalization of health care needs?

The pandemic of H1N1 "swine flu"

As a patient's condition moves toward their impending death, which nursing intervention demonstrates how the focus of palliative care changes?

The patient's comfort needs are identified

A care provider sacrifices an animal and waves an herb-filled sack over a client who is complaining of painful joints and chest pain with exertion. This ritual represents health care during what time period?

The prehistoric period

Nurses in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas gather for a conference related to improving quality and safety in practice and nursing education. They are awarded continuing education (CE) credit for participation and evaluation of the conference. One nurse from California states, "I need these CEs to renew my license." The nurse from Mississippi replies, "You do not need CEs for license renewal or advance practice certification renewal." Which statement about CEs would help these nurses?

The purpose of continuing education is to ensure competence of the workforce after graduation, but each state determines if CEs are required.

When preparing to complete a competency examination involving a neurologic assessment in a simulation laboratory, the nurse reviews the critical elements, which consist of what components?

The required criteria incorporated into the assessment for the desired outcome

A new nurse researcher is interested in tracing the history of nursing research. The researcher learns that nursing research began with what event?

The work of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War

When can a nurse detain a client by implementing restraints?

There are current prescribed instructions for their use.

What statement presents accurate information concerning nurse practice acts?

They are written and passed by state legislators.

A group of registered nurses with associate nursing (and) degrees are concerned that the minimum educational standard for licensure as a registered nurse is being raised to the bachelor's (BSN) level. After contacting the American Nurses Association, they learn they will be "grandfathered" in. Under the "grandfather clause," what action will be required of nurses with associate degrees?

They will continue to use the title "registered nurse" earned by their original success with the licensure process.

A researcher conducts a survey to determine the perceived health status of elderly persons living independently at home. The same subjects participate in a telephone call in which they describe the lived experience of living with chronic illness. When writing up the research study, the nurse would describe using what research method?

Triangulation

All hospitals receiving Medicare and Medicaid funds must ask clients whether they have a living will or a durable power of attorney. What legislative act makes this action mandatory?

Uniform Health Care Decisions Act

The implementation of research to guide nursing practice is referred to as what?

Utilization

A bronze statue of a nurse in battle fatigues who is obviously exhausted but demonstrates caring by holding a soldier's head is an artistic representation of nurses who served in which war?

Vietnam War

The occupational health and safety nurse would like to develop programs designed to decrease mortality and morbidity among the workforce. When considering factors related to mortality among health care workers, the nurse should focus efforts on prevention of what most likely outcome?

Violence-related injury

A nurse who is teaching a class to introduce telehealth to the staff would include which example?

While a patient in Wyoming performs peritoneal dialysis, a nurse watches remotely from California to ensure that all steps are being followed correctly.

A nurse practicing in the early 1900s was awarded a permissive license. What action was required by this type of license?

While licensure was voluntary; if you failed the examination, you could not use the title RN.

When first diagnosed with Parkinson disease, how can the patient and family best avoid future ethical dilemmas concerning the patient's care?

Work with the patient and family to create an advanced plan of care.

A daughter tells the nurse that, "Mom will be as good as new when we get this advanced cancer cured." How can the nurse best help the daughter in the role of caregiver?

Working toward setting realistic goals for both her mother and herself

What was the first university to establish a department of nursing to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree?

Yale University (1924)

The nurse who admits making a medication error and immediately files an incident report is demonstrating what ethical principle?

accountability

A client is admitted with chest pain. A series of diagnostic tests are ordered, and the client undergoes coronary artery bypass grafting. The cost of care for this client is increased because of a four-pack-per-day smoking history that resulted in extension of the client's intensive care unit (ICU) stay by 3 days because of respiratory problems. The case manager realizes that under the terms of the diagnosis-related group (DRG) payment system for this diagnosis that the client's past history and present care needs will have what affect on reimbursement?

although the cost of care for this client was greater than the DRG reimbursement amount, the hospital will be reimbursed only at the set fee

A patient returning from a procedure was somehow "skipped" when daily baths were performed and requests that care now be provided now. The nurse discovers the bed is rumpled and damp. The RN joins with some other staff to bathe the patient, change the bed, and help make the patient comfortable. These staff members are demonstrating what ethical concept?

altruism

What workplace factor has been found to contribute to the nursing shortage?

an aging nursing workforce

During a seminar on ethics, the educator realizes that more information is needed when a participant describes which situation as a violation of the ethical principle of autonomy?

an older person with advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease is denied the right to ambulate in the hallway

When assessing an ethical issue, what is the nurse's first intervention?

ask "what is the issue?"

A family requests that no additional heroic measures be instituted for their terminally ill mother who has advance directives in place. The nurse respects this decision in keeping with the principle of what client right?

autonomy

A client is in extreme pain after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident, and morphine has been ordered every hour for pain. The nurse injects saline into the client's IV line and takes the morphine for herself. The nurse is violating which principle of ethics?

beneficence

A researcher calculated the risk-to-benefit ratio and concluded that no harmful effects were associated with a survey of college sophomores. The researcher was applying which ethical principle?

beneficence

A terrorist incident has occurred, resulting in a possible exposure to smallpox. What term would be used to classify this incident?

biologic

hazards in the workplace are categorized as:

biologic ergonomic chemical physical psychological

A nurse is offered several health care plans as part of employee benefits. Which plan is based on a monthly fee per participant and offers a range of preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services?

capitation

how is the term ethics as applied to nursing best defined?

care based on keeping with the values of the client

A nurse is very interested in learning more about health care economics and how she can use that knowledge to become a better patient advocate. She comments, "Nurses should not only deliver care one day at a time in one facility but should coordinate patient care as they move from acute care to rehabilitation to home care." This nurse would be a candidate for which nursing role?

case management

Which types of abuse are the nurse required to report or be subject to fines and imprisonment for not reporting?

child and infant abuse

According to Lenburg, the use of practice-based assessments in nursing education is aimed toward achieving __________.

competence

The basic ingredients of theory are ____________.

concepts

The emergency preparedness term that is used to describe the process of limiting the emergency within a well-defined area is ___________.

containment

Lack of insurance, uninsured populations, and uncompensated care are covered by charging more to those who can pay. What term is used to refer to this practice?

cost shifting

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has determined from a reliable source that a bomb is in the possession of a known terrorist group and the likely target is a government building in the local community. What term is used to identify this situation?

credible threat

an essential part of applying evidence-based practice—that is using research findings to guide actual practice

critical thinking

While completing a masters nursing degree in Virginia, a nurse who is interested in teaching in Laredo, Texas, enrolls in Spanish classes for 4 years, knowing that a high number of Mexican-Americans live there. This nurse is demonstrating what social value?

cultural competence

Software programs that process data to produce or recommend valid choices are known as ______________.

decision support systems

Development and validation of the body of knowledge and foundation on which practice is based is called ____________.

research

A physician bills the insurance company for a computed tomography (CT) scan, laboratory tests, chest x-ray, and an extended visit and receives revenue for each procedure billed. This type of payment system is a _____ payment system.

retrospective

__________ is imperative for the safety of both nurses and patients

safe work environment

A primary health care provider has installed a computer-based patient records system. An outside care provider who requests medical information must obtain the patient's signed consent and then is assigned a password to gain access to the medical information. A monthly audit is conducted to determine for whom and for what purpose patient records have been accessed. What term is used to refer to this type of protection?

security

A young mother has detected a lump in her breast, and because she lives at the poverty level, she is covered under Medicaid. What is the most likely consequence of this woman's situation?

she will wait to seek care, increasing her risk of being diagnosed with advanced breast cancer

The term used during a pandemic disaster that refers to the attempt to contain germs by limiting socialization and personal interactions is ___________.

social distancing

An Asian teenager is admitted with an eating disorder which she contributes to not meeting the academic expectations of her parents. The nurse is overheard saying, "That isn't the reason; all Asians are really smart." This nurse is demonstrating is which cultural biases?

stereotyping

A community in the New Madrid fault zone experiences an earthquake resulting in injuries from propelled objects and abrasions for many victims. The local supply of antibiotics is quickly exhausted. Local authorities would contact which agency for access to the needed medication?

strategic national stockpile

personal and social factors include _______

stress, job satisfaction, and professionalism and financial literacy

Certain groups of individuals are opposed to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) based on religious beliefs that prohibit circumcision and blood transfusions. These individuals believe the PPACA is unconstitutional bases on what premise?

the act mandates that all US and legal residents must secure health insurance

During a community health fair, the disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) informs participants that every community must be ready to provide disaster care. A participant asks, "In a disaster, the local community cannot possibly be effective, so why not have a plan to call federal agencies immediately to provide relief?" How should the DMAT respond to this question?

the community is essentially the first responder to any disaster

Troops from the United States participating in a peace mission in a foreign country were the victims of suicide bombers and many soldiers were evacuated back home to receive specialized medical care. The nation's medical responses will be augmented by what organization?

the federally coordinated national disaster medical system

Health care is one of the major stories in newspaper and television and a group of nurses are interested in how the economy impacts their nursing practice. When the group critiques the relationship between contemporary economic trends and professional nursing practice, what fact will they discover?

with pay for performance, nurses have a significant effect on the quality of patient outcomes by reducing errors and providing care based on best practices

At a local health fair, an individual asks about the difference between universal health care and a single-payer system. The nurse explains the difference based on what fact?

with universal health, one payer is responsible for all health care costs, providing health care to all citizens

One of the primary factors for the increasing nurse turnover rate was identified as ________

workload and staffing patterns