nurs 230 part 3

Generalized seizures are different from partial seizures in that generalized seizures arise from multiple foci in both hemispheres of the brain and are often accompanied by​ what? Seeing spots​ (aura) or experiencing automatisms Loss of consciousness Lip​ smacking, chewing, or pulling at clothing Disturbances in​ hearing, sight, or taste

Loss of consciousness

When assessing your client​'s past drug​ history, what information should you ​record? Select all that apply. Tobacco and alcohol use OTC medications taken Allergic reactions Client​'s medication questions ​Adverse/side effects of any drugs

Tobacco and alcohol use OTC medications taken Allergic reactions ​Adverse/side effects of any drugs

Arrange the steps of the nursing process in the correct sequence. ​Instructions: Click on the down arrow for each step of the nursing process in the right column and select the correct choice from the list.

1st Assessment 2nd Diagnosis 3rd Planning 4th Implementation 5th Evaluation

The nurse is performing the morning assessment on​ Frank, a​ 7-year-old client. Frank stares off into space for a few seconds and does not seem to hear the nurse as she says his name. A few seconds​ pass, then Frank continues as if nothing happened. Which type of seizure is this child​ experiencing? Myoclonic seizure Absence seizure ​Tonic-clonic seizure Atonic seizure

Absence seizure

​Thirteen-year-old Ricky Coleman and his family came to your clinic after Ricky fell on the baseball field and twisted his ankle. The ankle is swollen and he cannot put weight on it. Ricky also has scratches and sunburn on his forearms. He complains that he​ didn't have time to eat much today and is very hungry. Ricky also says he feels a little​ light-headed. What is your nursing diagnosis of first​ priority? Activity intolerance related to twisted ankle and acute ankle pain Potential for skin​ breakdown, related to sunburn Nutrition imbalance less than body​ requirements, related to overactivity Electrolyte imbalance

Activity intolerance related to twisted ankle and acute ankle pain

Which categories of antiseizure medication have a mechanism of action that enhances the action of GABA in the ​brain? Select all that apply. Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Succinimides Hydantoins ​Hydantoin-like medications

Barbiturates Benzodiazepines

The nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin​ (Dilantin), an antiseizure​ medication, to the client. Which nursing action is most important in relation to this​ medication? Keep the phenytoin​ (Dilantin) in a safe place out of the reach of children. Remind the client not to take the medication with grapefruit juice. Make sure phenytoin​ (Dilantin) is taken on an empty stomach. Before administering the​ medication, review lab data for the current blood level.

Before administering the​ medication, review lab data for the current blood level.

Which categories of antiseizure medication have a mechanism of action that enhances the action of GABA in the ​brain? Select all that apply. ​Hydantoin-like medications Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Hydantoins Succinimides

Benzodiazepines Barbiturates

A client tells the nurse that her neurologist said that phenytoin​ (Dilantin) is the drug of choice for treatment of seizures and asks how this medication works. The nurse explains that phenytoin inhibits seizure activity​ how? By suppressing the flow of sodium ions in the brain By desensitizing the sodium channels in the​ brain; this limits rapid firing of brain​ cells, thereby suppressing seizure activity By slowing neuronal firing rates via increasing gamma aminobutyric acid​ (GABA) levels in the brain By enhancing the action of gamma aminobutyric acid​ (GABA) in the​ brain, which decreases neuronal activity

By desensitizing the sodium channels in the​ brain; this limits rapid firing of brain​ cells, thereby suppressing seizure activity

The nurse is reviewing the medication order for a pregnant client. Which category of​ drugs, established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration​ (FDA), is safest for the client to​ take? Category B Category D Category C Category A

Category A

You are the school nurse working with Eva​ Lim, a teen who has suffered a​ mild, one-time seizure during a​ two-hour metalworking class.​ Eva's temperature is​ 98.8°F (37.1°C). Four other students in her class report nausea and headaches. What is the most likely cause of​ Eva's seizure? Chemical or toxin exposure Fever or infection Family history of cardiac disease Past head injury

Chemical or toxin exposure

You are the school nurse working with Eva​ Lim, a teen who has suffered a​ mild, one-time seizure during a​ two-hour metalworking class.​ Eva's temperature is​ 98.8°F (37.1°C). Four other students in her class report nausea and headaches. What is the most likely cause of​ Eva's seizure? Fever or infection Family history of cardiac disease Past head injury Chemical or toxin exposure

Chemical or toxin exposure

What factors help determine the health care provider​'s choice of anticonvulsant for a client with ​seizures? Select all that apply. Clinical manifestations of seizure activity Current diet Other diseases currently present Type of seizure Medical history

Clinical manifestations of seizure activity Other diseases currently present Type of seizure Medical history

The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of adult clients. What must the nurse consider when planning to administer the ​medications? Select all that apply. Compatibility of each drug with others to be administered Expected client response to the taste of each drug Time of day each drug should be administered Need to hold other drugs or foods before or after administration Proper route of administration for each drug

Compatibility of each drug with others to be administered Time of day each drug should be administered Need to hold other drugs or foods before or after administration Proper route of administration for each drug

What characteristics are associated with status ​epilepticus? Select all that apply. Continued seizure activity for 30 minutes or more Serious condition that may occur during seizure activity Repetitive seizure activity with no return to consciousness between seizures A class of seizures that can result in brain damage Repetitive seizure activity without loss of consciousness

Continued seizure activity for 30 minutes or more Serious condition that may occur during seizure activity Repetitive seizure activity with no return to consciousness between seizures

Which medications become less effective when taken with phenytoin ​(Dilantin)? Select all that apply. Corticosteroids Oral contraceptives Ibuprofen​ (Advil) Warfarin sodium​ (Coumadin Sodium) Aspirin​ (Bayer)

Corticosteroids Oral contraceptives Warfarin sodium​ (Coumadin Sodium)

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to an​ 80-year-old male client with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure. Which lab test result raises concern about the potential for drug​ toxicity? White blood cells​ 6,000 mcL​ (normal: ​4,500dash-​10,000 ​mcL) Brain natriuretic peptide​ (BNP) 120​ pg/mL (normal: less than 100​ pg/mL) Creatinine clearance 75​ mL/min (normal: 97dash-137 ​mL/min) Hemoglobin​ (Hgb) 13.6​ g/dL (normal: 13.5dash-18 ​g/dL)

Creatinine clearance 75​ mL/min (normal: 97dash-137 ​mL/min)

The nurse is caring for a pregnant client who has asthma. Which possible change would the nurse expect the health care provider to make to this client​'s treatment​ regimen? Discontinue the inhalant. Decrease the inhalant dose. Change the inhalant to a drug administered intravenously. Increase in the inhalant dose.

Decrease the inhalant dose.

What are reasons for changes in a pregnant client​'s pharmacokinetic response to ​drugs? Select all that apply. Blood flow through the kidneys decreases. Decreased gastric emptying may occur. The drug metabolism rate increases with physiological changes. Increased estrogen levels affect the stomach​'s hydrochloric acid production. Plasma proteins are diluted and less able to bind with a drug.

Decreased gastric emptying may occur. The drug metabolism rate increases with physiological changes. Increased estrogen levels affect the stomach​'s hydrochloric acid production. Plasma proteins are diluted and less able to bind with a drug.

The nurse is administering medications to older adult clients in a​ long-term care facility. Which does the nurse identify as a physiologic change affecting drug ​therapy? Select all that apply. Decreased gastric mobility Increased amount of body fat Loss of muscle cells Loss of skin tone and elasticity Less efficient blooddash-brain barrier

Decreased gastric mobility Increased amount of body fat Loss of muscle cells Less efficient blooddash-brain barrier

Identify the drugs class. ​Instructions: Use the dropdown menus in the left column to select the correct class for each drug in the right column. Valproic acid​ (Depakene) Clonazepam​ (Klonopin) Lamotrigine​ (Lamictal) Ethosuximide​ (Zarontin) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Methsuximide​ (Celontin) Levetiracetam​ (Keppra) Mephobarbital​ (Mebaral) Lorazepam​ (Ativan) Primidone​ (Mysoline) Diazepam​ (Valium) Phenobarbital​ (Luminal)

Hydantoin-Like Medications Benzodiazepines Hydantoin-Like Medications Succinimides Hydantoin-Like Medications Succinimides Hydantoin-Like Medications Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Barbiturates

The client tells the nurse that her neurologist recently weaned her off of her antiseizure​ medication, phenobarbital​ (Luminal), and prescribed phenytoin​ (Dilantin). The client indicated that she had been taking phenobarbital for almost 4​ years, and her neurologist said the side effects were the reason for this medication switch. The nurse explains that the major side effects of barbiturates include ​what? Select all that apply. Gingival hyperplasia​ (swelling of the​ gums) Blurred vision and rashes Dependence and increased tolerance of drug with continued​ use, requiring higher doses over time Drowsiness and sedation Slowed heart rate and​ respirations, and decreased blood pressure

Dependence and increased tolerance of drug with continued​ use, requiring higher doses over time Drowsiness and sedation Slowed heart rate and​ respirations, and decreased blood pressure

Which antiseizure​ drugs, when administered by​ IV, can be very irritating to ​veins? Select all that apply. Diazepam​ (Valium) Methsuximide​ (Celontin) Ethosuximide​ (Zarontin) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Lorazepam​ (Ativan)

Diazepam​ (Valium) Lorazepam​ (Ativan)

The neurologist diagnosed a​ 23-year-old male client with epilepsy several days ago. At age​ 20, this client was diagnosed with viral​ meningitis, which precipitated his seizures. The client tells the nurse that his older sister had one single seizure that lasted for one​ minute, several years​ ago, when she was in treatment for alcohol withdrawal. She was given one dose of diazepam​ (Valium), which stopped the seizure. She has not had any subsequent seizures. The client asks the nurse why his neurologist ordered phenytoin​ (Dilantin) for his epilepsy instead of diazepam. Which response by the nurse is least complex and still answers the client​'s ​question? Diazepam​ (Valium) is a benzodiazepine that enhances or improves the effects of gamma aminobutyric acid​ (GABA) in the​ brain, thereby inhibiting further seizures. Diazepam​ (Valium) is a benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines are used to gain short term control of seizure activity rather than​ long-term treatment of seizures. Phenytoin​ (Dilantin) acts by desensitizing neurologic channels that are responsible for the seizure activity and disrupting or suppressing that seizure activity. Phenytoin does not have the addictive potential associated with diazepam. Diazepam​ (Valium) is often ordered to control a​ one-time seizure​ event, whereas phenytoin​ (Dilantin) is one of the most commonly prescribed antiseizure medications for epilepsy.

Diazepam​ (Valium) is often ordered to control a​ one-time seizure​ event, whereas phenytoin​ (Dilantin) is one of the most commonly prescribed antiseizure medications for epilepsy.

Drugs may pass from the mother to the fetus through various mechanisms. What is the term for a substance moving from an area of higher concentration to one of lower​ concentration? Active transport Solubility Binding Diffusion

Diffusion

Which instruction should the nurse give to a client who is prescribed carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) for​ seizures? The medication should be taken on an empty stomach. Ginkgo will enhance the drug​'s effect. Alcohol consumption should be limited. Do not take with grapefruit juice or St. John​'s wort.

Do not take with grapefruit juice or St. John​'s wort.

The nurse is reviewing the​ client's chart for information obtained during an initial nursing interview. Which is the most important information for the nurse to report to the health care provider prescribing​ medications? Health history Vital signs Drug history ​Nurses' notes

Drug History

The nurse identifies several problems in a client admitted with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which problem should have top​ priority? Dysuria Dyspnea Insomnia Nutritional deficiencies

Dyspnea

Identify the drugs class. ​Instructions: Use the dropdown menus in the left column to select the correct class for each drug in the right column. Valproic acid​ (Depakene) Clonazepam​ (Klonopin) Lamotrigine​ (Lamictal) Ethosuximide​ (Zarontin) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Methsuximide​ (Celontin) Levetiracetam​ (Keppra) Mephobarbital​ (Mebaral) Lorazepam​ (Ativan) Primidone​ (Mysoline) Diazepam​ (Valium) Phenobarbital​ (Luminal)

Hydantoin-Like Medications Benzodiazepines Hydantoin-Like Medications Succinimides Hydantoin-Like Medications Succinimides Hydantoin-Like Medications Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Barbiturates

The emergency department​ (ED) nurse is busy assessing a newly admitted​ 27-year-old client who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. While in the​ ED, the client had seizure activity that lasted continuously for 47​ minutes, during which she did not regain consciousness. The nurse is aware that this client is in a medical emergency situation and needs​ what? Click the three Exhibit links below for additional information about the client. EXHIBIT Lab Results LOADING... Admission Note LOADING... EKG LOADING... Emergency management of​ airway, breathing, and​ circulation; measurement of​ glucose, oxygen, and other blood gases Medication for possible head and neck injuries and severe pain Application of a cervical collar to prevent brain and spinal cord injuries and dysfunction Information from any witness who was at the scene of the motor vehicle accident that offers clues to the cause of the seizure activity

Emergency management of​ airway, breathing, and​ circulation; measurement of​ glucose, oxygen, and other blood gases

During which phase of the nursing process is the client​'s current health status compared with the desired​ outcome? Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation

Evaluation

The nurse on a​ medical-surgical unit is busy assessing newly admitted clients. Which client conditions or medical diagnoses indicate that a client may experience a​ seizure? Select all that apply. Abdominal​ pain, diarrhea, fever of 100degrees°F ​(38.1degrees°​C), ​nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite in an otherwise healthy​ 24-year-old female Fever of undetermined origin​ (FUO), 103.5degrees°F ​(rectal) ​(40degrees°​C), for past 2 hours in a toddler Multiple trauma and a closed head injury as a result of a motor vehicle crash​ (MVC) Abnormally high glucose level and a​ 33-year history of type 1 diabetes Meningitis in a​ 4-year-old child

Fever of undetermined origin​ (FUO), 103.5degrees°F ​(rectal) ​(40degrees°​C), for past 2 hours in a toddler Multiple trauma and a closed head injury as a result of a motor vehicle crash​ (MVC) Abnormally high glucose level and a​ 33-year history of type 1 diabetes Meningitis in a​ 4-year-old child

The nurse is reviewing therapeutic options for a client with a seizure disorder who just learned she is pregnant. Teratogenic drugs pose the greatest risk to the fetus during which phase of​ pregnancy? First and second trimesters Second trimester Second and third trimesters First trimester

First trimester

When educating clients about antiseizure​ medications, which activities will the nurse teach that will help decrease seizure ​activity? Select all that apply. Following up with lab work Taking medication at specified times Taking medication consistently Receiving a flu shot Staying with the same drug brand

Following up with lab work Taking medication at specified times Taking medication consistently Staying with the same drug brand

What are possible contraindications for taking herbal ​supplements? Select all that apply. Food or drug allergies Acupuncture treatment Pregnancy Breastfeeding Prescribed medications

Food or drug allergies Pregnancy Breastfeeding Prescribed medications

The nurse is reviewing the medical records for an older adult woman who has just been admitted to the​ long-term care facility. Which of the client​'s ​over-the-counter medications should be classified as herbal ​supplements? Select all that apply. Glucosamine Ginkgo biloba Valerian root St. John​'s wort Feverfew

Ginkgo biloba Valerian root St. John​'s wort Feverfew

The nurse teaches the client and his wife the adverse effects of and most common problems associated with taking phenytoin​ (Dilantin) to treat epilepsy. These two common problems are gingival hyperplasia​ (swelling of the​ gums) and maintaining therapeutic levels rather than toxic levels of the drug. Which responses include actions that the client needs to take to counteract these ​problems? Select all that apply. Do not take phenytoin​ (Dilantin) with grapefruit juice. Have serum phenytoin​ (Dilantin) levels monitored routinely. Monitor vital signs before and after each dose of phenytoin​ (Dilantin). Medication must be taken with food. Schedule and keep routine dental examinations and practice good oral hygiene and gum care.

Have serum phenytoin​ (Dilantin) levels monitored routinely. Schedule and keep routine dental examinations and practice good oral hygiene and gum care.

Your​ client, Mr. Dan​ Lee, is a retired older adult who takes multiple medications for multiple health​ issues, including onset of dementia. He lives with his son and​ daughter-in-law, who are very supportive. As his​ nurse, what do you recognize about Mr.​ Lee? He is a likely candidate for drug noncompliance. He needs to create a daily administration schedule. He should ask his family to monitor his drug compliance. He should be taught the various benefits of drug therapy.

He is a likely candidate for drug noncompliance.

The client tells the nurse that his medication bottle indicates that he is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice with his antiseizure​ medication, but he does not really understand why. He asks the nurse to explain. Which response by the nurse will best help the client understand why grapefruit juice must be avoided with his antiseizure​ medication? The grapefruit juicedash-drug interaction can lead to unpredictable and hazardous levels of certain important drugs. If carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) is taken with grapefruit​ juice, this combination leads to a significant increase in the concentration of the medication in the​ bloodstream, which can be toxic and​ life-threatening. When some medications are taken with grapefruit​ juice, this combination can cause excessive​ sedation, low blood​ pressure, and EKG changes. Taking carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) with grapefruit juice is contraindicated.

If carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) is taken with grapefruit​ juice, this combination leads to a significant increase in the concentration of the medication in the​ bloodstream, which can be toxic and​ life-threatening.

What characteristics put infants and young children at a higher risk for drug​ toxicity? Select all that apply. Immature liver function Immature kidney function Slower rate of gastric emptying A higher proportion of fat to water Strong gastric acids

Immature liver function Immature kidney function Slower rate of gastric emptying

A client being evaluated for an infection informs the nurse that she is concerned about taking any medications because she is in the 18th week of pregnancy. Which physiologic changes must be considered when prescribing medications to this​ client? Increased levels of hydrochloric acid in the stomach Decreased blood flow to the kidneys Decreased total body water Accelerated gastric emptying

Increased levels of hydrochloric acid in the stomach

A client at your​ clinic, Jamilla​ Johnson, has been taking phenobarbitol​ (Luminal) for her seizure disorder for many years. Which adverse​ effect(s) should you monitor Ms. Johnson for when she visits the​ clinic? Cerebrovascular accident and anemia Increased tolerance of drug over time Gingival hyperplasia and plaque buildup Problems falling asleep and sleep apnea

Increased tolerance of drug over time

A client at your​ clinic, Jamilla​ Johnson, has been taking phenobarbitol​ (Luminal) for her seizure disorder for many years. Which adverse​ effect(s) should you monitor Ms. Johnson for when she visits the​ clinic? Gingival hyperplasia and plaque buildup Increased tolerance of drug over time Problems falling asleep and sleep apnea Cerebrovascular accident and anemia

Increased tolerance of drug over time

For what condition does a client take the dietary supplements glucosamine and​ chondroitin? Vision improvement Hypertension Joint pain from arthritis Hyperglycemia

Joint pain from arthritis

Which antiseizure​ drugs, when administered by​ IV, can be very irritating to ​veins? Select all that apply. Lorazepam​ (Ativan) Methsuximide​ (Celontin) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Ethosuximide​ (Zarontin) Diazepam​ (Valium)

Lorazepam​ (Ativan) Diazepam​ (Valium)

The nurse at a clinic has been asked to review complementary and alternative medicine​ (CAM) therapies to incorporate into client care. Which is considered ​CAM? Select all that apply. Massage Aromatherapy Aerobic exercise Yoga Meditation practices

Massage Aromatherapy Yoga Meditation practices

What is the body weight method of pediatric dose calculation based​ on? A nomogram that plots height and weight ​Height, weight, and age of the child Milligrams per kilogram of​ weight, plus a unit of time The child​'s body surface area​ (BSA)

Milligrams per kilogram of​ weight, plus a unit of time

Your​ client, Ms. Joelle​ Brewster, is a new mother with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis​ (RA), who is beginning to breastfeed her son. Her health care provider took her off methotrexate sodium​ (MTX) during pregnancy and lactation because that drug is in pregnancy category X. For joint swelling and​ pain, she is currently prescribed small doses of prednisone​ (Orasone), in pregnancy category​ C, and acetaminophen​ (Tylenol), in pregnancy category B. What is the most important thing for you to teach Ms. Brewster to​ do? Use nipple cream to decrease possible side effects to her son Weigh herself daily at the same time Increase her prednisone​ (Orasone) incrementally, as needed Observe her son for adverse affects such as diarrhea or constipation

Observe her son for adverse affects such as diarrhea or constipation

The​ nurse, seeking the fastest and most consistent​ absorption, would administer drugs by which route to the infant ​client? Select all that apply. Subcutaneous Oral Intramuscular Transdermal Intravenous​ (IV)

Oral Transdermal Intravenous (IV)

What factors help determine the health care provider​'s choice of anticonvulsant for a client with ​seizures? Select all that apply. Other diseases currently present Clinical manifestations of seizure activity Type of seizure Medical history Current diet

Other diseases currently present Clinical manifestations of seizure activity Type of seizure Medical history

The nurse is preparing to perform discharge teaching to a client being discharged after an appendectomy. Which factor should be considered for the timing of the teaching​ session? Pain level Cognitive level Client age Language barriers

Pain Level

You are assessing your​ client, Stuart​ Silkowski, before administering an antiseizure medication. Mr. Silkowski does not take any other drugs or​ herbals; however, he does have chronic gingivitis. Which medication should Mr. Silkowski​ avoid, if​ possible? Phenobarbital​ (Luminal) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Diazepam​ (Valium) Phenytoin​ (Dilantin)

Phenytoin​ (Dilantin)

You are assessing your​ client, Stuart​ Silkowski, before administering an antiseizure medication. Mr. Silkowski does not take any other drugs or​ herbals; however, he does have chronic gingivitis. Which medication should Mr. Silkowski​ avoid, if​ possible? Phenytoin​ (Dilantin) Phenobarbital​ (Luminal) Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) Diazepam​ (Valium)

Phenytoin​ (Dilantin)

What type of community health nurse would most likely teach about contraception and sexually transmitted​ diseases? Select all that apply. Public health nurse Assisted living facility nurse Hospice nurse Home care nurse School nurse

Public health nurse School nurse

What characteristics are associated with status ​epilepticus? Select all that apply. Repetitive seizure activity with no return to consciousness between seizures Continued seizure activity for 30 minutes or more Serious condition that may occur during seizure activity Repetitive seizure activity without loss of consciousness A class of seizures that can result in brain damage

Repetitive seizure activity with no return to consciousness between seizures Continued seizure activity for 30 minutes or more Serious condition that may occur during seizure activity

The nurse is admitting a new​ 7-year-old male client with a diagnosis of epilepsy. Which actions by the nurse would be ​contraindicated? Select all that apply. Protect the​ child's head during a seizure. Position the client on his side. Restrain the​ child's arms and legs. Pad the side rails and remove clutter from the bedside. If the child has a​ seizure, slide a tongue blade or spoon into the child​'s mouth between the teeth.

Restrain the child's arm and legs. If the child has a​ seizure, slide a tongue blade or spoon into the child​'s mouth between the teeth.

The nurse is admitting a new​ 7-year-old male client with a diagnosis of epilepsy. Which actions by the nurse would be ​contraindicated? Select all that apply. Protect the​ child's head during a seizure. Position the client on his side. Restrain the​ child's arms and legs. Pad the side rails and remove clutter from the bedside. If the child has a​ seizure, slide a tongue blade or spoon into the child​'s mouth between the teeth.

Restrain the​ child's arms and legs. If the child has a​ seizure, slide a tongue blade or spoon into the child​'s mouth between the teeth.

The nurse is providing care to a​ 27-year-old client admitted with epilepsy. A student nurse is also working with this nurse and client. The student nurse is assessing the client prior to administering an antiseizure medication. Which nursing actions are appropriate for this ​client? Select all that apply. Give all medications via intravenous access​ (IV). Review the medication orders and clarify any orders that are not clear. Correctly identify the client using at least two sources of identification. Assess for any drug allergies. Teach the client to ask for help with ambulation to prevent a fall or injury.

Review the medication orders and clarify any orders that are not clear. Correctly identify the client using at least two sources of identification. Assess for any drug allergies. Teach the client to ask for help with ambulation to prevent a fall or injury.

As the​ nurse, what advice should you give to older adult clients who have been approved to take herbal or dietary​ supplements? Start with the smallest possible dose. Start with the recommended dose on the label. Ask the health food store manager about dosage. Increase the dose​ slowly, every other week.

Start with the smallest possible dose.

When educating clients about antiseizure​ medications, which activities will the nurse teach that will help decrease seizure ​activity? Select all that apply. Receiving a flu shot Taking medication consistently Staying with the same drug brand Following up with lab work Taking medication at specified times

Taking medication consistently Staying with the same drug brand Following up with lab work Taking medication at specified times

Identify the category of seizures based on the clinical manifestation. ​Instructions: Use the dropdown menus in the left column to select the correct category for each manifestation in the right column. Shallow or absent respirations Client may appear clumsy Found most often in children Brief loss of motor control Called grand mal Client may fall for no reason Characterized by staring Loss of consciousness Called petit mal

Tonic-Clonic Seizures Atonic Seizures Absence Seizures Atonic Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Atonic Seizures Absence Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Absence Seizures

Identify the category of seizures based on the clinical manifestation. ​Instructions: Use the dropdown menus in the left column to select the correct category for each manifestation in the right column. Shallow or absent respirations Client may appear clumsy Found most often in children Brief loss of motor control Called grand mal Client may fall for no reason Characterized by staring Loss of consciousness Called petit mal

Tonic-Clonic Seizures Atonic Seizures Absence Seizures Atonic Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Atonic Seizures Absence Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Absence Seizures

The nurse is reviewing the drugs taken by clients at an extended care facility for combination risks between herbal drugs and prescription medications. Clients taking which drug should have their histories reviewed​ first? Ibuprofen​ (Advil) Diphenhydramine​ (Benadryl) Cephalexin​ (Keflex) Warfarin​ (Coumadin)

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Which medications become less effective when taken with phenytoin ​(Dilantin)? Select all that apply. Aspirin​ (Bayer) Ibuprofen​ (Advil) Warfarin sodium​ (Coumadin Sodium) Corticosteroids Oral contraceptives

Warfarin sodium​ (Coumadin Sodium) Corticosteroids Oral contraceptives

The pediatric nurse is studying pharmacokinetics of drugs in children. Which factors are recognized as increasing drug toxicity in ​children? Select all that apply. Weak acids in the gastrointestinal​ (GI) tract Low water relative to body weight in the newborn Immature kidney function in the child Highly developed blooddash-brain barrier in the newborn Prolonged​ half-life

Weak acids in the gastrointestinal​ (GI) tract Immature kidney function in the child Prolonged​ half-life

Based on FDA​ guidelines, which category or categories of drugs should be avoided during pregnancy because evidence shows risk of fetal abnormalities and birth ​defects? Select all that apply. A B C X D

X D

Your​ client, Dionne​ Washington, has type 1 diabetes. She is taking insulin and eats a restricted diet. While completing a health​ history, you learn that Ms. Washington has successfully used meditation to lower her​ stress/anxiety levels. Now she is interested in trying some herbal supplements. She​ asks, "They are​ natural, so they must be​ okay, right?" How should you best respond to Ms.​ Washington? ​"Type 2 diabetics are at greater risk for negative effects from herbals than type​ 1." ​"I agree that natural supplements are safer than chemical​ ones." ​"Natural does not automatically mean​ safe, especially when combined with​ insulin." ​"You can try herbal products if you have no food or drug​ allergies."

​"Natural does not automatically mean​ safe, especially when combined with​ insulin."

The nurse is performing discharge teaching for an older adult client with arteriosclerotic heart disease​ (ASD), hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client asks the​ nurse, "Why do I have to take fish​ oil?" Which is the nurse​'s most appropriate​ response? ​"The fish oil is prescribed for​ arthritis." ​"Fish oil has been shown to prevent the common​ cold." ​"The use of fish oil can control your blood​ sugar." ​"The fish oil can be used to decrease your cholesterol​ level."

​"The fish oil can be used to decrease your cholesterol​ level."