NURS 301 Prep U Skin

A client comes to the physician's office for treatment of severe sunburn. The nurse takes this opportunity to discuss the importance of protecting the skin from the sun's damaging rays. Which instruction best prevents skin damage? 1) "Apply sunscreen even on overcast days." 2) "When at the beach, sit in the shade to prevent sunburn." 3) "Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 6 or higher." 4) "Minimize sun exposure from 1 to 4 p.m., when the sun is strongest."

1

A client has been diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following medication classifications will reduce the severity and prevent development of new lesions? 1) Antiviral 2) Antipyretics 3) Corticosteroids 4) Analgesics

1

A young college student recently had her tongue and lip pierced. She has developed a superinfection of candidiasis from the antibacterial mouthwash. Which of the following would be the correct recommendation for her? 1) Use an antifungal mouthwash or salt water. 2) Rinse the mouth after eating food. 3) Move the piercing back and forth during washing. 4) Use a soft-bristled toothbrush.

1

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Which action should the nurse include? 1) Frequently inspect the oral cavity. 2) Use friction when repositioning the client. 3) Limit fluids. 4) Apply a continuous current of warm air.

1

To treat a client with acne vulgaris, the physician is most likely to order which topical agent for nightly application? 1) Tretinoin (retinoic acid [Retin-A]) 2) Zinc oxide gelatin 3) Minoxidil (Rogaine) 4) Fluorouracil (5-fluorouracil, 5-FU [Efudex])

1

What advice should the nurse give a client with dermatitis until the etiology of the dermatitis is identified? 1) Wear rubber gloves when in contact with soaps. 2) Use wool, synthetics, and other dense fibers. 3) Rub the skin vigorously to dry. 4) Use hot water for bathing.

1

Which assessment finding indicates an increased risk of skin cancer? 1) A deep sunburn 2) White irregular patches on the client's arm 3) A dark mole on the client's back 4) An irregular scar on the client's abdomen

1

Which skin condition is caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or multiple bacteria? 1) Impetigo 2) Poison ivy 3) Scabies 4) Pediculosis capitis

1

Which term describes a fungal infection of the scalp? 1) Tinea capitis 2) Tinea corporis 3) Tinea cruris 4) Tinea pedis

1

Which term refers most precisely to a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle? 1) Furuncle 2) Comedone 3) Cheilitis 4) Carbuncle

1

While assessing the skin of a 45-year-old, fair-skinned female client, the nurse notes a lesion on the medial aspect of her lower leg. It has irregular borders, with various shades of black and brown. The client states that the lesion itches occasionally and bled slightly a few weeks ago. She also reveals a history of sunburns. Based on these signs and symptoms, the nurse suspects: 1) melanoma. 2) basal cell carcinoma. 3) actinic keratoses. 4) squamous cell carcinoma.

1

A nurse is assessing a client with a new skin disorder. Which questions would the nurse include when asking the client about the change in skin condition? Select all that apply. 1) When did the disorder first begin, and where did it first appear? 2) Do you exercise daily? 3) Have you tried to treat the lesions? 4) Has the problem spread? 5) Where are the lesions located?

1, 3, 4, 5

A night-shift nurse receives a call from the emergency department about a client with herpes zoster who is going to be admitted to the floor. Based on this diagnosis, where should the nurse assign the client? 1) Isolation room with negative airflow 2) Private room 3) Semi-private room with a client who had chickenpox and was admitted with a GI bleed 4) Semi-private room with a client diagnosed with pneumonia

2

A nurse is admitting a client with toxic epidermal necrolysis. What is the nursing priority in preventing sepsis? 1) Assessing for hemorrhage 2) Preventing infection 3) Limiting protein to limit liver failure 4) Hydrating to prevent renal failure

2

The nurse is assessing a patient for psoriatic lesions after treatment with a nonsteroidal cream. What type of lesion does the nurse know is characteristic of psoriasis? 1) Group of raised vesicles 2) Red, raised patch covered with silver scales 3) Pattern of bullae that rupture and form a scaly crust 4) Cluster of pustules

2

The nurse is caring for a client with questionable lice infestation. The nurse is using a bright light focused on an area of the head to confirm the presence of lice. In which manner is it easiest to differentiate nits from dandruff? 1) Dandruff looks white and flakey. 2) Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts. 3) Nits are located near the scalp. 4) Dandruff is throughout the hair.

2

There is an increase in the incidence of skin cancer being reported. Which have been identified as factors that predispose to malignant changes in the skin? Select all that apply. 1) use of sun block 2) residence in high-altitude areas where the atmosphere is thinner than at sea level 3) thinning ozone layer 4) prolonged, repeated exposure to UV rays in those who do farming, fishing, road construction, etc.

2, 3, 4

A client has a rash on the arm that has been treated with an antibiotic without eradicating the rash. What type of examination can be used to determine if the rash is a fungal rash using ultraviolet light? 1) Skin biopsy 2) Potassium hydroxide test 3) A Wood's light examination 4) Fungal culture

3

A nurse assesses a client with dry, rough, scaly skin without lesions and the presence of itching on the legs. What skin assessment would the nurse document? 1) Seborrhea 2) Candidiasis 3) Pruritus 4) Shingles

3

A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales on the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. The patient asks the nurse where this was "caught." What is the best response by the nurse? 1) Psoriasis comes from dermal abrasion. 2) Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from a superficial infection with Staphylococcus aureus. 3) Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from an overproduction of keratin. 4) Psoriasis results from excess deposition of subcutaneous fat.

3

Which medication classification may be used for contact dermatitis? 1) Saline irrigations 2) Antivirals 3) Corticosteroids 4) Antifungals

3

While in a skilled nursing facility, a client contracts scabies, which is diagnosed the day after discharge. The client is living at her daughter's home with six other people. During her visit to the clinic, the client asks a staff nurse, "What should my family do?" The most accurate response from the nurse is: 1) "If someone develops symptoms, tell him to see a physician right away." 2) "Just be careful not to share linens and towels with family members." 3) "All family members need to be treated." 4) "After you're treated, family members won't be at risk for contracting scabies."

3

A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preparation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face? 1) Use very warm water to clean the face prior to applying the medication. 2) Wash the face several times a day and reapply the medication. 3) Scrape the scaly patches off prior to applying the medication. 4) Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma.

4

A physician orders an emollient for a client with pruritus of recent onset. The client asks why the emollient should be applied immediately after a bath or shower. How should the nurse respond? 1) "To minimize cracking of the dermis." 2) "To make the skin feel soft." 3) "To prevent skin inflammation." 4) "To prevent evaporation of water from the hydrated epidermis."

4

Development of malignant melanoma is associated with which risk factor? 1) African American heritage 2) Skin that tans easily 3) Residence in the Northeast 4) History of severe sunburn

4

Photochemotherapy has been used as a treatment for which of the following skin disorders? 1) Shingles 2) Rosacea 3) Allergic dermatitis 4) Psoriasis

4

The classic lesions of impetigo manifest as 1) abscess of skin and subcutaneous tissue. 2) comedones in the facial area. 3) patches of grouped vesicles on red and swollen skin. 4) honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base.

4

The nurse is assessing a client's skin when the client points out a mole. The nurse brings the mole to the physician's attention when which characteristic is noted? 1) Distinct borders 2) Symmetrical appearance 3) Uniform light brown color 4) Diameter exceeding 6 mm

4

The nurse is conducting an admission history and physical examination of a client with a history of contact dermatitis. The nurse assesses whether the client uses which medication classification? 1) Antivirals 2) Antifungals 3) Saline irrigations 4) Corticosteroids

4

The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesions on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication? 1) Make sure that the skin is slightly dehydrated so that the medication can absorb through the skin cracks. 2) Apply a thick layer of cream over the lesions so that if some rubs off, there is more to absorb. 3) Apply the medication every 2 hours. 4) Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application.

4

Which infecting agent causes scabies? 1) Bacteria 2) Parasitic fungi 3) Reactivated virus 4) Itch mite

4

Which term refers to a graft derived from one part of a client's body and used on another part of that same client's body? 1) Allograft 2) Homograft 3) Heterograft 4) Autograft

4

What are places with common outbreaks of scabies? Select all that apply. 1) boarding schools 2) prisons 3) nursing homes 4) military barracks 5) Anywhere large groups of people are confined 6) child care centers

all

A patient is scheduled for Mohs microscopic surgery for removal of a skin cancer lesion on his forehead. The nurse knows to prepare the patient by explaining that this type of surgery requires: 1) Destruction of the tissue by electrical energy. 2) The use of radiation therapy. 3) Removal of the tumor, layer by layer. 4) A process of deep-freezing the tumor, thawing and refreezing.

3

The nurse assesses the client and observes reddish-purple to dark blue macules, plaques, and nodules. The nurse recognizes that these manifestations are associated with which condition? 1) Syphilis 2) Platelet disorders 3) Kaposi sarcoma 4) Allergic reactions

3

The nurse caring for a client with repeated episodes of contact dermatitis is providing instruction to prevent future episodes. Which information should the nurse include? 1) Use a fabric softener. 2) Wash skin in very hot water. 3) Avoid cosmetics with fragrance. 4) Wear gloves during the day.

3

A 10-year-old child is brought to the office with complaints of severe itching in both hands that's especially annoying at night. On inspection, the nurse notes gray-brown burrows with epidermal curved ridges and follicular papules. The physician performs a lesion scraping to assess this condition. Based on the signs and symptoms, what diagnosis should the nurse expect? 1) Contact dermatitis 2) Impetigo 3) Dermatophytosis 4) Scabies

4

The nurse teaches the client who demonstrates herpes zoster (shingles) that 1) a person who has had chickenpox can contract it again upon exposure to a person with shingles. 2) no known medications affect the course of shingles. 3) once a client has had shingles, they will not have it a second time. 4) the infection results from reactivation of the chickenpox virus.

4