NURS12154 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice

A person taking antidiabetic medications need not control his sugar intake. Select one: True False

False

All patients with diabetes need insulin Select one: True False

False

Hypoglycemia that leads to a coma is treated with oral hypoglycaemic medications. Select one: True False

False

There are four(4) aspects/processes of pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. A drug's absorption depends on (more than one answer may apply): Select one or more: a. Lipid affinity b. Route of administration c. Protein binding d. Solubility

Solubility, Lipid affinity, Route of administration

Concerning 'first-pass effect': (select all that apply) Select one or more: a. First-pass effects may reduce drug bioavailability b. The amount of drug is higher in the systemic circulation after first-pass effect c. The drug is first transported across the gut wall into the portal circulation d. Sometimes extensive drug metabolism may occur in the liver

Sometimes extensive drug metabolism may occur in the liver, The drug is first transported across the gut wall into the portal circulation, First-pass effects may reduce drug bioavailability

If a patient requires to have insulin administered, it is available only as a subcutaneous injection. Select one: True False

True

There is no routine monitoring for the newest oral anticoagulants such as dabigatran, rivaboxaban and apixaban. Select one: True False

True

What is the action of centrally acting narcotic analgesics such as morphine? Select one: a. Stimulate opioid receptors in the central nervous system. b. Suppress opioid receptors in the central nervous system. c. Stimulate opioid receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. d. Suppress opioid receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system.

a. Stimulate opioid receptors in the central nervous system.

What are the four (4) aspects/processes of pharmacokinetics. Select one: a. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/Elimination b. Absorption, Distribution, Respiration, Excretion/Elimination c. Absolution, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/Elimination d. Absorption, regurgitation, metabolism, elimination/excretion

a. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/Elimination

Adverse drug reactions in older adults appear unrelated to the number of medications taken.

a. Adverse drug reactions in older adults appear unrelated to the number of medications taken.

The elements that enable informed consent include: Select one: a. Appropriate disclosure of information and understanding of the information b. Physical and emotional readiness. c. Prior experience and knowledge. d. Active participation and good communication.

a. Appropriate disclosure of information and understanding of the information

Mrs B has an inoperable brain tumour. She has presented to the emergency department after an acute bleeding episode. The doctors have prescribed medication that would reduce complications but after a lenghty and informed discussion, Mrs B has refused this medication. Her partner supports the client's decision. What ethical principle do the doctors apply to justify doing nothing? Select one: a. Autonomy b. Confidentiality c. Non-maleficence d. Justice

a. Autonomy

Which of the following correctly describes an age-related physiologic alteration that affects the pharmacokinetics of medications in elderly patients? Select one: a. Decline in creatinine clearance - kidney funtion, with an increase in age. b. Increase in the body fluids (water). c. Decrease in the body fat d. Altered gastrointestinal function leading to decrease drug absorption.

a. Decline in creatinine clearance - kidney funtion, with an increase in age.

Which of the following insulin preparations is rapid-acting/short-acting? Select one: a. Insulin lispro b. Protophane insulin c. All of the above d. Insulin glargine

a. Insulin lispro

What are the three major principles of Quality Use of Medicines (QUM)? Select one: a. Judiciousness, Appropriateness, Safety & Effectiveness b. Judiciousness, Appropriateness, Safety & Efficiency c. Judiciousness, Documentation, Safety & Effectiveness d. Judgement, Appropriateness, Safety & Effectiveness

a. Judiciousness, Appropriateness, Safety & Effectiveness

What are three (3) national patient identifiers that should be used every time to identify a patient prior to administering any medication? Select one: a. Patient name, Date of Birth, Medical record number b. Medical Record Number, Hair colour, Date of Birth c. Patient name, Bed Number, Date of Birth d. Patient name, Medical Record Number, Room number

a. Patient name, Date of Birth, Medical record number

Miosis is a common effect of narcotic analgesia. Miosis is: Select one: a. Pinpoint pupils b. Dilated pupils c. Biliary spasm d. Skin irritation

a. Pinpoint pupils

The antidote used in reversing the effects of warfarin is: Select one: a. Vitamin K b. Vitamin D c. Protamine sulfate d. There is no antidote and requires administration of blood and blood products only to prevent further bleeding.

a. Vitamin K

Ipratropium bromide is classed as a(n): Select one: a. antimuscarinic agent b. methylxanthine c. sympathomimetic agent d. corticosteroid

a. antimuscarinic agent

The two major factors governing medication administration in paediatric clients are: Select one: a. developmental stage and route of administration. b. child's parent and caregiver c. route of administration and GFR d. ability for the child to read and understand

a. developmental stage and route of administration.

The highest priority intervention associated with the adverse effects on insulin is related to the need to monitor the person receiving insulin for: Select one: a. hypoglycaemia b. weight loss c. frequent urination d. hyperglycaemia

a. hypoglycaemia

Patients taking GTN should be advised to sit or lie down before taking this medication because it can cause: Select one: a. hypotension b. a flushed feeling c. hypertension d. headache

a. hypotension

A patient is prescribed rosuvastatin and the nurse understands this agent works by: Select one: a. inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol b. binding with salts to reduce cholesterol c. inhibiting the intestinal absorption of cholesterol d. increasing the intestinal absorption of cholesterol

a. inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol

A patient receiving gentamicin should be monitored for: Select one: a. nephrotoxicity b. skin blisters c. hepatotoxicity d. allergic reaction

a. nephrotoxicity

Mr Simms has been prescribed lithium carbonate by his GP for management of his bipolar disorder. As his nurse you understand this medication: Select one: a. requires regular monitoring of lithium levels as there is a high risk for toxicity b. does not require regular monitoring as there is a low risk of toxicity c. Is safe to administer especially to elderly patients d. may have a salty after taste

a. requires regular monitoring of lithium levels as there is a high risk for toxicity

Type 1 diabetes: Select one: a. requires therapy with insulin replacement b. usually requires therapy with oral hypoglycaemic therapy c. usually occurs in obese individuals d. is characterised by defective insulin receptors

a. requires therapy with insulin replacement

The side effects of beta 2 agonists include: Select one: a. tachycardia, palpitations and tremor b. palpitations, chest pain and sweating c. insomnia, seizures and tachcardia d. tachycardia, sweating, and sore throat

a. tachycardia, palpitations and tremor

Examples of bronchodilators are: Select one: a. theophylline, eformoterol, and salbutamol b. ipratroprium, salbutamol, and nedocromil c. cromoglycate, aminophylline, and salmeterol d. budesonide, fluticasone, and adrenaline

a. theophylline, eformoterol, and salbutamol

Which bacterial process (mechanism of action) do fluoroquinolones inhibit? Select one: a. they inhibit DNA synthesis b. the process of fluoroquinolones is not known c. they inhibit RNA synthesis d. they inhibit metabolism

a. they inhibit DNA synthesis

Nitrates are used to prevent and treat angina. The mechanism of action of this medication is: Select one: a. to dilates veins and coronary arteries b. to constricts coronary arteries c. to block alpha1 receptors in the veins and arteries d. to block beta receptors

a. to dilates veins and coronary arteries

You are caring for a client with angina and have a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. The reason for administering the nitroglycerin in this form is related to: Select one: a. Sustained effect. b. Ability to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism. c. Long half-life. d. Ability to undergo hepatic first-pass metabolism.

b. Ability to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism.

Why should a patient on warfarin therapy be advised not to eat too much leafy green vegetable ie cabbage? Select one: a. Cabbage causes platelet aggregation which can cause problems with clotting and interfer with the effects of warfarin. b. Cabbage is a leafy green vegetable and therefore contains Vitamin K c. Cabbage causes gastrointestinal upset and therefore the medication will not be absorbed. d. There is no reason unless the patient doesn't like cabbage

b. Cabbage is a leafy green vegetable and therefore contains Vitamin K

A pregnant women asks you about the categories listed on her scripts and what they mean. Which 'medicines in pregnancy' category is a drug that has caused or is suspected of causing foetal harm, but not malformations? Select one: a. Catergory X b. Catergory C c. Catergory B d. Caegory D

b. Catergory C

Specific processes exist to ensure safety and efficacy of medications. Which statement below is INCORRECT. Select one: a. The labelling of injectable medicines, fluids and lines is a national standard and a mandatory requirement. b. Clinical handover is important for communicating the patient's condition but not medications. c. The National inpatient medication chart (NIMC) is a legal document and needs careful and accurate documentation with approved terminology and abbreviations. d. Checking procedures are a shared responsibility.

b. Clinical handover is important for communicating the patient's condition but not medications.

An intramuscular drug injection is given to someone just prior to running a foot race. Effects would be increased or decreased? a. Decreased as exercise would direct blood flow away from the muscles. b. Increased as exercise increases blood flow to the muscles. c. Normal absorption regardless of exercise.

b. Increased as exercise increases blood flow to the muscles.

Which of the following is NOT a nursing intervention relevant to administration of glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerine)? Select one: a. Inform the client there may be a burning sensation under their tongue after ingestion. b. Inform the client that this medication does not need to be kept in its original bottle c. Inform the client that a headache is the most common side effect associated with this drug

b. Inform the client that this medication does not need to be kept in its original bottle

Choose which answer best fits the role of the Therapeutics Goods Adminsitration in QUM Select one: a. It is the regulatoy body that determines the legal requirements of medications. b. It is the regulatory body responsible for ensuring medications meet approved standards of quality, safet and efficacy. c. It is the regulatoy body who's role is to govern the National Medicine's policy (NMP). d. It is a regulatory body who's main role is to make decicions about medicine use.

b. It is the regulatory body responsible for ensuring medications meet approved standards of quality, safet and efficacy.

The organ of primary elimination for most antimicrobial agents is the: Select one: a. Liver b. Kidneys c. Skin d. Lungs

b. Kidneys

Which of the following hypoglycemic medications does not cause weight gain and therefore first line treatment for Type 2 diabetes mellitus? Select one: a. Pioglitazone b. Metformin c. Gliclazide d. Insulin

b. Metformin

The ethical prinicple that best cover this statement: "doing no harm" is: Select one: a. Veracity b. Non-maleficence c. Beneficence d. Autonomy

b. Non-maleficence

What is the most common side effect of ACE Inhibitors? Select one: a. Headache b. Persistant dry cough c. Visual disturbances

b. Persistant dry cough

Which of the following is a correct guideline for the administration of medications to children: Select one: a. Have the parent/carer tell the child it will be good for him. b. The growth and developmental stage of the child must be considered when administering medications. c. Tell the child that the medications are candy. d. Mix medications into food or milk.

b. The growth and developmental stage of the child must be considered when administering medications.

The use of the clinical decision making process is essential in medication administration. Which of the following statements pertains to the use of the implementation phase of this process. Select one: a. The nurse reviews the medication chart for accuracy, cross-referencing information to the client's chart. b. The nurse validates that the dose is safe for the client's weight and clinical condition. c. The client verbalises understanding of the medication and its use for his/her medical condition. d. The client remains haemodynamically stable after the medication is administered.

b. The nurse validates that the dose is safe for the client's weight and clinical condition.

Pharmacokinetics is: Select one: a. The study of biological and therapeutic effects of drugs b. The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs c. The study of mechanisms of drug action d. The study of methods of new drug development

b. The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs

A patient whom is from First Nation People culture requires education regarding diabetes mellitus. Which strategy intervention could be utilised to enhance education? Select one: a. Advise the patient he must follow the instructions as directed by the doctor. b. Use of an aboriginal liaison officer/health officer c. No specific education information is required. d. Generic written information available for all patients

b. Use of an aboriginal liaison officer/health officer

You have been asked to commence Mrs Knight on sodium valproate to treat her schizophrenia. You are aware that Mrs Knight is an unstable diabetic. Why is this significant? Select one: a. It isn't. b. antipyschotic medications can increase the risk of developing diabetes. c. antipsychotic drugs must be taken with chocolate or honey. d. antipsychotic medications are coated with a sugar based coating.

b. antipyschotic medications can increase the risk of developing diabetes.

Antibiotic medications can be classed according to their mode of action. The mode of action which results in in suppressing microbial growth is called: Select one: a. narrow spectrum b. bacteriostatic c. broad spectrum d. bactericidal

b. bacteriostatic

Corticosteroids are often prescribed to treat asthma. Their indication for use with this conditions is to: Select one: a. adjunct therapy to assist the bronchodilators to work better b. be used to control/prevent attacks c. there is no real indication for their use. d. treat an actue asthma attack

b. be used to control/prevent attacks

You have administered morphine to your patient as ordered. After a short period of time, you become aware your patient is very drowsy and unresponsive with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute. The correct nursing actions to take in this situation are: Select one: a. to observe the patient for the next hour as this reaction is only temporary. b. call for help, notify senior nurse, call the doctor, and prepare for resuscitation c. do nothing, the patient is sleeping which is an normal response from morphine. d. to document the event and inform the senior nurse when you are free that the patient has had a adverse response to the morphine.

b. call for help, notify senior nurse, call the doctor, and prepare for resuscitation

The nurse understands that nitrates effectively treat angina pectoris by what actions? Select one: a. increasing coronary blood flow and reducing coronary artery consumption b. dilate arteries and veins, increasing peripheral blood flow and reduces myocardial oxygen consumption c. redistributing myocardial blood supply and acting as a diuretic d. increasing and redistributing coronary blood flow

b. dilate arteries and veins, increasing peripheral blood flow and reduces myocardial oxygen consumption

When administering diuretics, which laboratory tests must be monitored? Select one: a. APPT, PT b. electrolytes - sodium and potassium c. liver function tests

b. electrolytes - sodium and potassium

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) is one of the newest anticoagulant medications. It works by: Select one: a. binding to antithrombin III which prolongs its effects and inactivates the clotting factor Xa. b. inhibiting thrombin therefore preventing the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin c. Inhibiting the synthesis of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors d. inhibiting factor Xa which prevents the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin.

b. inhibiting thrombin therefore preventing the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

Because aspirin can be purchased without a prescription, it is called a(n): Select one: a. legend drug b. over-the-counter drug c. prescription drug d. illicit drug

b. over-the-counter drug

Glucagon is: Select one: a. a type of insulin b. responsible for initiating glycogenolysis c. produced in the islets of Monro d. an oral hypoglycaemic agent

b. responsible for initiating glycogenolysis

Examples of DDP-4 inhibitors are: Select one: a. aspart and lispro b. sitagliptin and vildagliptin c. rosiglitazone and pioglitazone d. glipizide and glicazide

b. sitagliptin and vildagliptin

Which of the following drugs prevents absorption of carbohydrates in the intestines? Select one: a. Rosiglitazone b. Repaglinide c. Acarbose d. Glipizide

c. Acarbose

A medication that displays an affinity for a cell receptor and then stimulates that receptor's activity is called: Select one: a. Blocker b. Inhibitor c. Agonist d. Antagonist

c. Agonist

Symptoms of low blood sugar levels include: Select one: a. Mental confusion b. Seizures c. All of the above d. Tremors

c. All of the above

A client you are caring for is taking an antibiotic for bronchitis. The client develops hives. This is an example of: Select one: a. A paradoxical reaction b. A good reaction. c. An allergic reaction d. A predictable reaction

c. An allergic reaction

The framework for the clinical decision-making process consists of: Select one: a. Assessment, decision-making, planning, implemenation and evaluation. b. Assessment, diagnosis, planning, documentation and evaluation. c. Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implemenation and evaluation. d. Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implemenation and efficiency.

c. Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implemenation and evaluation.

You are initiating a teaching plan for a newly diagnosed diabetic client. Which of the following would constitute the implementation phase? Select one: a. Ensuring the patient has the desired outcome after administration of insulin b. Stating the risk for altered nutrition c. Demonstration and return demonstration of administering insulin d. Identifying patterns of eating, exercise, usual weight, etc.

c. Demonstration and return demonstration of administering insulin

An increase in which class of lipoproteins elevates cholesterol levels? Select one: a. HDL b. Total cholesterol c. LDL d. Triglycerides

c. LDL

Which of the following drugs would you NOT give to someone with asthma? Select one: a. Prazosin b. Prindopril c. Metoprolol d. Telomisartan

c. Metoprolol

Mrs Januvia is an 85 year old lady who was administered morphine 2.5mg intravenously for ongoing abdominal pain. She is checked by the nurse 20 mins later and found to have a respiration rate of 8 breaths per min and unresponsive. What antidote is required? Select one: a. Norvasc b. Maxolon c. Naloxone d. There is not antidote. The patient just needs oxygen.

c. Naloxone

Ms. Smith is being treated for chronic lower back pain. She will be given a schedule 8 medication, such as morphine. Which of the following statements describe schedule 8 medications? Select one: a. Schedule 8 medications are safe at all doses of administration b. These medications are rarely associated with adverse effects. c. Schedule 8 agents are classed as controlled medications as they are highest potential for abuse, misuse and physical and psycosocial dependence. d. They are often given over the counter (OTC)

c. Schedule 8 agents are classed as controlled medications as they are highest potential for abuse, misuse and physical and psycosocial dependence.

A client has renal insufficiency and is taking multiple medications. The nurse understands that: Select one: a. As long as the client's liver function is normal, no adjustment in dosage is required. b. The client should stop all medications until renal function improves. c. The client may need to have lower dosages, because of the risk of accumulation of the medications. d. This can effect how the medications are distributed in the body.

c. The client may need to have lower dosages, because of the risk of accumulation of the medications.

The patient is prescribed paracetamol for his fever. he asks the nurse if paracetamo Select one: a. anti-inflammatory as it inhibits the actiity of the COX enzyme b. has no additional major action c. analgesic as it works centrally via the hypothalamus. d. antiemetic

c. analgesic as it works centrally via the hypothalamus.

The rationale for using amoxycillin/clavulanate instead of amoxycillin alone is: Select one: a. patient's decreased hepatic function b. Patient's allergy to amoxycillin c. bacterial resistance to amoxycillin d. bacterial susceptibility to amoxycillin

c. bacterial resistance to amoxycillin

Which type of antimicrobial agents are effective against many different types of bacteria? Select one: a. bactericidal b. narrow spectrum c. broad spectum d. bacteriostatic

c. broad spectum

Which of the following medication belongs to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)? Select one: a. venlafaxine b. amitriptyline c. escitalopram d. reboxetine

c. escitalopram

Oxygen is often used in the treatment of respiratory conditions. The nurse understands that oxygen therapy is used to treat or correct: Select one: a. hypercapnia b. It is not used to treat respiratory illness. c. hypoxia d. high respiratory rate

c. hypoxia

Enalapril is used to lower high blood pressure by: Select one: a. directly dilating peripheral arterioles b. blocking the beta receptors in the heart c. inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II d. blocking the binding of angiotensin II to its receptors.

c. inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Asthma and chronic obstructive airway disease are both airway diseases which are characterised by: Select one: a. patients who have no difficulty with breathing b. by both being irreversible conditions c. restricted expiratory airflow d. restricted inspiratory airflow

c. restricted expiratory airflow

The main difference between first generation/typical antipsychotics and second generation/atypical antipsychotics is: Select one: a. first geneeration have no side effects b. first generation are less likely to induce extrapyramidal syptoms c. second generation are less likely to induce extrapyramidal syptoms d. second generation have no side effects

c. second generation are less likely to induce extrapyramidal syptoms

When caring for a patient receiving anticoagulants, the nurse is aware that the side-effects fo these medications are: Select one: a. bleeding and hypertension b. thrombocytopenia and hyperlipidaemia c. thrombocytopenia and bleeding d. bleeding and stroke

c. thrombocytopenia and bleeding

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug's (NSAID) major clinical use is: Select one: a. to increase the use of other analgesics b. There is no major clinical use c. to relieve inflammation d. to block alpha receptors

c. to relieve inflammation

Drug X is known to prolong gastric emptying time. As per pharmacokinetics principles, the oral absorption of another drug, Drug B, would be faster or slower than usual when administered at the same time as Drug X? Select one: a. Faster as the gastric emptying time is increased by Drug X b. The gastric emptying time of Drug B would not be affected. c. Slower as the gastric emptying time of Drug B would also be delayed.

c.Slower as the gastric emptying time of Drug B would also be delayed.

An S4 drug is also called: Select one: a. A controlled drug b. over-the-counter drug (OTC) c. A registered drug d. A restricted drug

d. A restricted drug

Your patient is receiving IV heparin at 900units/hour. What diagnostic test would you use to monitor for this patient? Select one: a. platelet count b. International Normalised Ratio (INR) c. prothrmbin time (PT) d. Activated Partial Thrombplastin Time (aPTT)

d. Activated Partial Thrombplastin Time (aPTT)

Which of the following statements regarding medication use by older adults is INCORRECT? Select one: a. Elderly patients regularly take an average of 4 - 5 prescribed medications. b. It is very common for prescribers to use drug therapy to treat adverse effects caused by other medications taken by patients and leads to polypharmacy. c. Use of over-the-counter medications and nutritional supplements other than those prescribed can contribute to polypharmacy. d. Adverse drug reactions in older adults appear unrelated to the number of medications taken.

d. Adverse drug reactions in older adults appear unrelated to the number of medications taken.

With regards to drug receptor binding: Select one: a. An agonist medication produces no intrinsic activity b. An agonist and an antagonist produce the same intrinsic effect. c. An antagonist medication produces intrinsic activity. d. An antagonist medication produces no intrinsic activity

d. An antagonist medication produces no intrinsic activity

You are caring for an elderly client with chronic renal insufficiency. Which of the following lab values will provide the most accurate information on the client's renal status? Select one: a. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) b. Serum sodium c. Serum creatinine d. Creatinine clearance

d. Creatinine clearance

You are caring for a client who has ascities due to liver failure and chronic renal failure. He is given a medication with a half-life of 30 hours. You expect the duration of action of this medication to be: Select one: a. Remain unchanged b. Diminished c. Decreased d. Increased

d. Increased

Atorvastatin is used to treat hyperlipidaemia. The mechanism of action of atrovastatin is: Select one: a. It activates HMG-CoA reductase enzyme b. It removes cholesterol from the body by inhibiting its transport across intestinal wall. c. It reducing the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver. d. It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase enzyme

d. It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase enzyme

Metformin is the drug of choice for treating patients with T2DM. This is because: Select one: a. It is considered to be superior to the other oral hypoglycaemic agents. b. It is much more available than the other oral hypoglycaemic agents. c. It has no side-effects. d. It is not associated with weight gain.

d. It is not associated with weight gain.

The nurse has roles and responsibilities to ensure correct medication administration, specifically relating to adherence. What role of the nurse assists the patient facilitates a patient's adherence to medicines? Select one or more: a. It is the role of the nurse to develop an awareness of the learning and teaching principles required to educate the patient. b. None as the doctor has the role to explain to the patient about his medications. c. The responsibility lies with the patient and the role of the nurse involves the facilitation of administration of medicines only whilst in the facility. d. It is the role of the nurse to understand the factors affecting a patient's adherence to medicine regime.

d. It is the role of the nurse to develop an awareness of the learning and teaching principles required to educate the patient., It is the role of the nurse to understand the factors affecting a patient's adherence to medicine regime.

The use of spacers for administration of inhaled medications are encouraged to be used especially by paediatric patients and elderly population. The reason is because: Select one: a. Patients who are very young or very old need help to remember to take their medications. b. Patients who are very young or very old like to use the spacer but it has little difference to inhaled medication administration. c. Patients who are very young or very old can choose not to use the spacer as it makes little difference to inhaled medication administration. d. Patients who are very young or very old have poor hand and breath coordination.

d. Patients who are very young or very old have poor hand and breath coordination.

The distribution of drugs is directly related to which of the following? Select one: a. Creatinine clearance b. The pH of the drug c. Kidney size d. Plasma protein binding

d. Plasma protein binding

Actrapid is an example of a/n ___________ insulin. Select one: a. Long-acting b. Intermediate acting c. mixture of short and long acting d. Short-acting

d. Short-acting

Mandy, a patient calls the clinic today because she is taking atrovastatin (Lipitor) to treat her high cholesterol and is having pain in both of her legs. You instruct her to: Select one: a. Walk for at least 30 minutes and call if symptoms continue. b. Continue taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week. c. Stop taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week. d. Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.

d. Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.

Why was Quality Use of Medicines (QUM) developed? Select one: a. To ensure that those less fortunate have access to medicines. b. To ensure that doctors and nurses are accountable for medication administration. c. Because medication control needed to have a policy to guide prescibing and administrating. d. To ensure best use of medicines to improve health to all Australians

d. To ensure best use of medicines to improve health to all Australians

The doctor tells the nurse to administer excessive doses of opioid analgesic and sedative drugs to relieve the client's severe pain, but not to tell the client's family. Which ethical principle would be breached if the nurse gives the drugs but does not tell the family? Select one: a. Autonomy b. Justice c. Confidentiality d. Veracity

d. Veracity

Eformoterol is: Select one: a. used for controlling asthma symptoms b. a sympathomimetic agent c. a beta 2 agonist d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Compared to adults, infants: Select one: a. can have a greater pharmacological effect with all drugs. b. have a greater capacity to excrete drugs and therefore need increased drug dosage. c. have a greater capacity to metabolise drugs and therefore need more frequent dosing. d. have lower levels of circulating plasma proteins which may result in increased drug response and possible toxicity.

d. have lower levels of circulating plasma proteins which may result in increased drug response and possible toxicity.

Heparin is administered in all the following ways except: Select one: a. subcutaneously b. by continuous intravenous infusion c. by intermittent intrvenous dosing d. intramuscularly

d. intramuscularly

A mood stabiliser commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder is: Select one: a. amitriptyline b. reboxatine c. phenelazine d. lithium carbonate

d. lithium carbonate

Which of the following is an atypical antipsychotic? Select one: a. prochlorperazine b. chlorpromazine c. haloperidol d. risperidone

d. risperidone

Fluoxetine was prescribed for Mrs White for treatment of depression. The nurse understands that this agent acts as a: Select one: a. benzodiazepine b. monoamine oxidase inhibitor c. tricyclic antidepressant d. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

d. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

Oral anticoagulant warfarin inhibits blood clotting by interfering with: Select one: a. the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. b. synthesis of plasminogen to plasmin. c. platelet aggregation. d. synthesis of vitamin K dependent factors II, VII, IX, and X.

d. synthesis of vitamin K dependent factors II, VII, IX, and X.

During pregnancy, substances or agents that can interfere with normal embryonic development are termed ___________

teratogenic