Nursing Informatics FINAL
A clinical use for telehealth technologies is providing disease prevention and promotion of good health. Examples include telephonic or smartphone app case management and patient education through asthma and weight management programs conducted in public schools
TRUE
Bagging is a term for the use of voting and averaging in predictive data mining to synthesize the predictions from many models or methods or the use of the same type of a model on different data
TRUE
Big data is a field that deals with ways to examine, analyze, and systematically extract data and information from data sets that are too large or complex to be processed using conventional data-processes application software. The ability to research these data using advanced data analytics to find better answers is changing the healthcare landscape and how we care for our patients
TRUE
Data mining software helps to discover patterns and identify relationships
TRUE
Developing a process for sustainability and spread is a key component of a QI project
TRUE
Extended reality (XR) is an umbrella term where the X is the variable and can represent any letter so it covers all of the various forms of computer or digitally altered realities that currently exist and other immersive technologies to be developed. We can experience augmentation through total immersion
TRUE
HealthIT.gov emphasizes that EHRs hold the promise of transforming health care by improving all aspects of patient safety and promoting patient-centered care.
TRUE
Information literacy initiates, sustains, and extends lifelong learning through abilities that may use technologies but are ultimately independent of them
TRUE
Integrating population health data into the EHR will allow for population health alerts to be sent to clinicians as part of an early warning system
TRUE
Neural networks represent nonlinear predictive models
TRUE
A nurse is explaining the use of public health informatics to a nursing student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A) "A public health informatics can help to provide adequate disease surveillance." B) "Public health informatics is used for documentation of disease outbreaks only." C) "Public health informatics initiates the timely investigation of infectious diseases." D) "Public health informatics prioritizes the adoption of nursing terminology standardization." Answer: A) "A public health informatics can help to provide adequate disease surveillance."
A nurse is explaining how cognitive informatics helps improve information technology in health care. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A) "Cognitive informatics examines how humans interact with computers so better information technology systems can be built." B) "Cognitive informatics helps build complex computer systems for human use." C) "Cognitive informatics looks at how the human brain processes data and information that comes from a computer." D) "Cognitive informatics examines how the human brain is similar to a computer" Answer: A) "Cognitive informatics examines how humans interact with computers so better information technology systems can be built."
A nurse is explaining cognitive science to a nursing student. Which statement indicates that the nursing student understands?
A) "Cognitive science is based on knowledge being derived from experiences of senses" B) "Cognitive science pertains to how information is processed in the mind" C) "Cognitive science is computer modeling through artificial neural networkers to explain human intellectual abilities" D) "Cognitive science is the study of the nature and origin of knowledge" Answer: B) "Cognitive science pertains to how information is processed in the mind"
A nurse is explaining public health informatics to a nursing student. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?
A) "Public health informatics is the use of nursing informatics in public health for disease management" B) "Public health informatics helps identify the policies, standards, and guidelines for public health administrators" C) "Public health informatics is used as a database for nursing research priorities in the public sector" D) "Public health informatics is the use of information and information technology to improve public health practice and outcomes" Answer: D) "Public health informatics is the use of information and information technology to improve public health practice and outcomes"
AI dating mining techniques have benefitted the response to COVID-19 by:
A) Discovering drugs already in use that might interfere with the mechanism of infection in COVID-19 B) Discovering differentiating COVID-19 lung lesions from other infectious lung diseases in medical images C) Both are correct Answer: C) Both are correct
A patient asks a telehealth nurse about the efficiency of telenursing. Which of the following is the appropriate response by the nurse?
A) "Telenursing increases non-care-related tasks, so telenursing care must then be efficient" B) "Telenursing reduces the need to have face-to-face interactions, which improves efficiency of care" C) "Telenursing reduces the amount of care required, which enables better use of nursing time" D) "Telenursing is not very efficient because telenurses have more documentation to complete" Answer: B) "Telenursing reduces the need to have face-to-face interactions, which improves efficiency of care"
A nurse is explaining the impact of a nationwide EHR on nursing to a nursing student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A) "The EHR will likely provide the ability to make more efficient and timely nursing care decisions for patients." B) "The EHR will not impact nursing or nursing care delivery in any meaningful way." C) "The EHR will not impact the quality of care but will make patient care more efficient." D) "The EHR will increase errors but will increase the access to patient data." Answer: A) "The EHR will likely provide the ability to make more efficient and timely nursing care decisions for patients."
Different Web address (domain) suffixes indicate who is responsible for creating the website. A web address sponsored by an educational institution would have which suffix?
A) .com B) .net C) .gov D) .edu Answer: D) .edu
Which of the following web domain suffixes is more likely to contain quality health education material?
A) .tv B) .com C) .org D) .net Answer: C) .org
A nurse is interacting with a patient who is a digital native. This patient was probably born after:
A) 1972 B) 1976 C) 1979 D) 1982 Answer: D) 1982
A nurse researcher is using the EHR to identify patients who fall into gaps of care. What function embedded in the EHR assists the nurse researcher in identifying these patients?
A) A quality alert B) A diagnosis code C) A registry D) A database Answer: C) A registry
A nurse replaces a new patient's wristband after the first was misplaced. This action by the nurse is which of the following?
A) A value-added action B) Waste C) A non-value added action D) Overproduction Answer: A) A value-added action
Nursing terminology must be easy to access, with information and knowledge available anywhere. These qualities can be described by which of the following terms?
A) Accessibility and standardization B) Accessibility and ubiquity C) Accessibility and reusability D) Accessibility and longevity Answer: B) Accessibility and ubiquity
"Blog" is:
A) Being linguistic, on-game B) An online journal C) The german word for talking D) None Answer: B) An online journal
Which of the following is/are a professional database?
A) CINAHL B) MEDLINE C) MEDLINE & CINAHL D) None Answer: C) MEDLINE & CINAHL
What is the term for the agile strategy that emphasizes collaboration, team autonomy or self-management, and flexibility to adapt to emerging business realities?
A) Coaching B) Waterfall C) Scrum Answer: C) Scrum
Artificial Intelligence (AI) frequently functions in an assistive role in healthcare decision-making. This is also known as:
A) Computerized intelligence B) Cognitive intelligence C) Assisted intelligence D) Augmented intelligence Answer: D) Augmented intelligence
What is the term for the measurement in bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes of the data that can transfer from or to your computer?
A) Connection speed B) Internet traffic C) Bandwidth D) Broadband Answer: C) Bandwidth
A nurse researcher is using a complex model to mine a small dataset of information. This is known as which of the following?
A) Data drill down B) Exploratory data analysis C) Bagging D) Boosting Answer: C) Bagging
____ is the process by which data collected during the course of a study are processed to identify trends and patterns of relationships
A) Data formatting B) Data analysis C) Database management D) Data warehousing Answer: B) Data analysis
A nurse researcher understands that data mining is most successful to reduce inefficiencies, improve quality, and support transformations when paired with which of the following?
A) Data warehousing B) Nursing researcher C) Interprofessional collaboration D) Quantitative research Answer: C) Interprofessional collaboration
John, a 78-year-old male patient in a hospital, is referred to a pulmonary specialist for a consult on his breathing problems. The specialist orders a CT scan of the lungs and is alerted by the electronic health record that a CT scan was performed 1 week ago. This alert is designed to prevent duplicate testing and is part of which essential electronic health record component?
A) Decision support system B) Physician assist system C) Testing management system D) Cost savings function Answer: A) Decision support system
Which of the following is NOT true of deep learning?
A) Deep learning processing uses a complex neural network with many layers B) Deep learning techniques are particularly useful for processing of images C) Deep learning is a subset of AI and machine learning D) Deep learning techniques use linear processing and simple neural networks Answer: A) Deep learning processing uses a complex neural network with many layers
A nurse is learning about a new nursing skill through observations and interactions. This process is known as:
A) Development of wisdom B) Epistemology C) Knowledge acquisition Answer: C) Knowledge acquisition
Skills related to nursing information literacy include:
A) Differentiating between scholarly and popular journals B) Locating and retrieving information from credible sources C) Recognizing a need for information D) All are correct Answer: D) All are correct
_____ is the ability to manage results of all types of electronically, including lab and radiology procedures reports, both current and historical
A) Digital manipulation B) Electronic searching C) Data warehousing D) Results management Answer: D) Results management
A nurse researcher is reviewing the results of a telehealth study. Which of the following would be considered a clinical outcome of the study?
A) Enrollment criteria B) Raw data results C) Patient and family satisfaction Answer: C) Patient and family satisfaction
The use of teletechnology allows the telenurse to:
A) Evaluate a patient's status B) Use data to make decisions to better manage patients' health conditions C) Monitor a patient's vital signs D) All are correct Answer: D) All are correct
A public health nurse is assessing the risk of a hazardous material causing illness in a community. This effort is known as which of the following?
A) Exposure assessment B) Dose-response assessment C) Hazard identification D) Risk characterization Answer: D) Risk characterization
The term that refers to the ability of the OS to be moved from one hardware architecture to another with few changes is:
A) Extensibility B) Compatibility C) Portability D) Security Answer: C) Portability
A nurse is reviewing the nursing staff resources that are allocated for the next shift and recognizes that more resources are needed. This review is part of which core business system?
A) Financial system B) Admission, discharge, transfer system C) Scheduling system D) Acuity system Answer: C) Scheduling system
What is the human-technology interface?
A) Hardware designed to facilitate its software B) Educating users on the use of the system C) Software designed to make technology work faster D) Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology Answer: D) Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology
The dynamic system development (DSDM) is:
A) Highly iterative B) Four-phase approach C) Detail oriented with minimal user involvement D) Highly user oriented during phase 3 Answer: A) Highly iterative
There is a suspected outbreak of influenza at a local elementary school. What data would the public health nurse collect first?
A) Identification of absences from the school related to illness B) Increase of lab test orders C) Number of visits to local healthcare providers D) Reports of increased purchases of analgesics at the local pharmacy Answer: A) Identification of absences from the school related to illness
Epidemiology involves:
A) Identifying things that come upon the people B) Incidence, prevalence, and control of disease C) Case finding D) All are correct Answer: D) All are correct
The benefits of EHR use recognized in early studies include all of these except:
A) Improved workflow B) Increased delivery of guidelines-based care C) Reduction in medication errors D) Enhanced capacity to perform surveillance and monitor for disease conditions Answer: A) Improved workflow
A patient is admitted to a healthcare facility and has questions about the facilities privacy practices. To which of the following does the patient have a right?
A) Individual safeguard policy for the patient's protected health information B) An electronic copy of privacy disclosures for the facility C) A paper copy of the notice of privacy practices of the facility D) A copy of staff training records on patient privacy Answer: C) A paper copy of the notice of privacy practices of the facility
Which of the following nursing professionals transforms software programs to support data analysis and aggregation?
A) Informatics innovator B) Beginning nurse C) Informatics nurse specialist D) Experienced nurse Answer: A) Informatics innovator
A nurse is proficient in critical care nursing and pulls data out of the EHR that can impact patient care. This best describes which level of competency for practicing nurses?
A) Informatics nurse specialist B) Experienced nurse C) Informatics innovator D) Beginning nurse Answer: B) Experienced nurse
Public health essential services, as defined by the CDC, include all of the following except:
A) Informing, educating, and empowering people about health issues B) Monitoring population health status to identify and solve community health problems C) Diagnosing and investigating health problems and health hazards in the community D) Evaluating public health webpages for information quality Answer: D) Evaluating public health webpages for information quality
A nurse is caring for a patient who experiences a complication after surgery. The nurse understands the cause-and-effect relationship because her knowledge is based in"
A) Instinct B) Reason C) Intuition D) Empiricism Answer: B) Reason
The gap between those who have access to online information and those who do not is called the:
A) Know-do gap B) Gray gap C) Digital divide D) Baby boomer gap Answer: C) Digital divide
Which of the following is the study of the nature and origin of knowledge-- what is means to know?
A) Knowledge B) Epistemology C) Connectionism Answer: B) Epistemology
Wisdom is...
A) Knowledge is applied in a practical way or translated into actions B) Insight to exercise sound judgement in practical matters c) The synthesis of our experience, insight, understanding, and knowledge D) All of these are correct Answer: D) All of these are correct
A telenurse reviews a patient's blood sugar level and phones the patient to instruct them on a change in the dose of insulin. This process is known as which of the following?
A) Knowledge processing B) Knowledge gathering C) Knowledge generation D) Knowledge dissemination Answer: D) Knowledge dissemination
Which website has a tutorial for learning how to evaluate health information?
A) Medlineplus B) Webmd C) HON D) NSF Answer: A) Medlineplus
A nurse is interested in the development of policies and education for nursing informatics and reading journals specifically on informatics. Which of the following should the nurse consider?
A) Membership in the states nurses' association B) A subscription to a professional nursing journal C) Membership in an informatics professional organization D) A graduate degree in information systems Answer: C) Membership in an informatics professional organization
A nurse in a local public health department would identify health problems and priorities by monitoring which of the following?
A) National public health funding opportunities B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention treatment guidelines C) Data on recent acute care inpatient admissions D) The health of communities and populations at risk Answer: D) The health of communities and populations at risk
The FITT model:
A) Observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks B) Encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task C) Is the least expensive method D) All are correct Answer: B) Encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task
A nurse researcher is using descriptive statistics to complete a fast analysis of shared data. What is this process known as?
A) Online analytic processing B) A decision tree analysis C) An electronic algorithm D) A neural network Answer: A) Online analytic processing
_____ is a type of study in which patients who have an outcome of interest and patients who do not have the outcome are identified; the researcher than looks back in time (typically using health records) to determine exposures and experiences that could have contributed to the outcome occurring or not occurring
A) Outcome research B) Case control research C) Cohort research D) Focus group research Answer: B) Case control research
When selecting a QI project, the nurse informaticist should consider:
A) Performance gaps B) Staff input or likely resistance C) The fit with the organization strategic plan D) All are correct Answer: D) All are correct
When nursing professionals work with information and generate information and knowledge as a product, they can be described as:
A) Practice managers B) Seasoned professionals C) Knowledge workers D) Innovators Answer: C) Knowledge workers
The informatics nurse specialist who takes on which of the following roles provides expert advice, opinions, and recommendations based on his or her area of expertise? Flexibility, good communication skills, excellent interpersonal skills, and extensive clinical and informatics knowledge are highly desirable skill sets for this role/
A) Product developer B) Educator C) Researcher D) Consultant Answer: D) Consultant
A major goal of the e-health initiative is to:
A) Promote the ability to understand the economics of payment for services B) Promote technology as a means of improving health information C) Empower consumers to understand their health needs D) Manage health information Answer: C) Empower consumers to understand their health needs
_________ laws in the world of technology are notoriously misunderstood. The same laws that cover physical books, artwork and other physical materials apply in the digital world and violations can lead to prosecution.
A) Public domain B) Archival C) Copyright D) Fair use Answer: C) Copyright
A patient accesses the EHR at home to update recent health changes. The physician acknowledges these changes and responds to the patient via email. This patient-healthcare provider interaction promotes which of the following?
A) Quality control B) Medical errors C) Communication D) Resource allocation Answer: C) Communication
Quantitative data collection tools or instruments generate numerical data rather text-based data. Examples of these types of tools include:
A) Questionnaires B) Interviews C) Focus groups D) All are correct Answer: A) Questionnaires
What are data?
A) Raw facts B) Processed information C) Inputted items that produce information D) None of these is correct Answer: A) Raw facts
Which of the following activities is/are used to build a foundation of knowledge in professional practice?
A) Reading research and theory articles B) Attending continuing education programs C) Consulting with expert colleagues and using clinical practice guidelines D) All of these are correct Answer: D) all of these are correct
A nurse joins a professional nursing informatics organization and is interested in learning more about becoming an informatics nursing specialist. Which of the following will the nurse utilize as part of the benefits of membership to learn more about this role?
A) Reduced conference fees at national conferences B) Access to a job bank with available postings C) Access to publications including the quarterly newsletter D) Access to networking with informatics professionals Answer: D) Access to networking with informatics professionals
Which role possibly entails data mining to create new informatics and clinical knowledge?
A) Researcher B) Consultant C) Product developer D) Educator Answer: A) Researcher
____ is an estimation of how much exposure to a potential hazard would cause varying degrees of health effects
A) Risk characterization B) Hazard characterization C) Dose-response assessment D) Exposure assessment Answer: C) Dose-response assessment
A nurse is preforming a risk assessment in a community. Which of the following is the first step of the risk assessment?
A) Risk characterization B) Hazard identification C) Dose-response assessment D) Exposure assessment Answer: B) Hazard identification
When persons living with a chronic disease use the Internet for blogging about their health challenges or participating in online discussion forums, this is known as:
A) Self-management B) Peer-to-peer support C) Self-diagnosis D) None Answer: B) Peer-to-peer support
An integrated CIS/EHR system supports administrative clinical analytics functions such as:
A) Staffing and acuity data B) Outcome measures C) Staffing and acuity data and outcomes measures D) None Answer: C) Staffing and acuity data and outcomes measures
A healthcare facility is integrating a new clinical information system, and a team of healthcare professionals is developing the design of the system. These healthcare professionals are:
A) Stakeholders B) Analysts C) Executive team members D) Software developers Answer: A) Stakeholders
A nurse is documenting in a new complex EHR system and duplicates patient data. This duplication often occurs due to which of the following?
A) Stakeholders are uninterested in clinical technology solutions B) Healthcare providers are not educated on clinical technology solutions C) Clinical technology solutions are implemented poorly D) There is not any management support from clinical technology solutions Answer: C) Clinical technology solutions are implemented poorly
A nurse researcher analyzes databases to determine patterns of disease. Discovery of this knowledge will assist with which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Standardization of nursing care plans B) Prevention of sequelae of the disease C) Prevention of disease D) Generation of new treatments Answer: B) Prevention of sequelae of the disease C) Prevention of disease
A benefit for nurses to using technology for patient education is to:
A) Standardize the instructions B) Improve the compliance and documentation of education C) Access information from any website on the computer D) Easily distribute brochures to each patient Answer: B) Improve the compliance and documentation of education
An efficient way to promote better access to organizational data is to:
A) Store the data on site B) Participate in a health information exchange C) Triage and tier the data D) Store the data in the cloud Answer: C) Triage and tier the data
An APRN is providing telehealth care for patients who are incarcerated. The nurse understands which of the following?
A) Telehealth provides cost-effective care and supports public safety B) Patients prefer telehealth when they are incarcerated because they do not have to leave the facility C) Telehealth is used for this patient because public safety outweighs quality of patient care D) Patients have increased options of appointment times when telehealth is delivered in this manner Answer: A) Telehealth provides cost-effective care and supports public safety
What term refers to teasing out the requirements for the system after studying the business needs of the organization in detail?
A) Testing B) Analysis C) Feasibility D) Design Answer: B) Analysis
A nurse committed to lifelong learning and understands that it will come from which of the following?
A) The knowledge generation and dissemination from other healthcare providers B) The research generation from nurse researchers and application of evidence C) The generation of knowledge and research from medical health providers D) The knowledge acquisition and processing of other healthcare providers Answer: A) The knowledge generation and dissemination from other healthcare providers
Although first proposed in 2004, EHR implementation blossomed after passage of the HITECH act in 2009 because of:
A) The president discussing EHRs in the State of the Union address and because implementation is support provided by IT professionals B) The president discussing EHRs in the State of the Union address C) Monetary incentives and potential penalties administered by CMS D) Implementation support provided by IT professionals Answer: C) Monetary incentives and potential penalties administered by CMS
Even though it is realistic to develop alerts, such as a sepsis alerts, using the EHR, further research is necessary to comprehend how to design these alerts in order to actually change:
A) The structure of the EHR B) The healthcare provider's behavior C) Patient engagement D) None Answer: B) The healthcare provider's behavior
A public health nurse is performing a community risk assessment. The goal of this assessment is which of the following?
A) To reduce risk and improve health B) To collect data on public health risks C) To monitor the impact of prevention programs D) To decrease environmental health threats Answer: A) To reduce risk and improve health
The universal denominator in the development of EHRs is
A) User friendliness B) Patient safety C) User friendliness and patient safety D) None Answer: B) Patient safety
A nurse reviews a patients blood pressure measurements over the past 12 hours and recognizes that the blood pressure has been elevated. The clustering of these data represents:
A) Wisdom B) Information C) Diagnosis D) A data set Answer: B) Information
_____ is/are sometimes thought of as the highest form of common sense, resulting from accumulated knowledge or erudition (deep, thorough learning) or enlightenment (education that results in understanding and the dissemination of knowledge)
A) Wisdom B) Information C) Knowledge D) Data Answer: A) Wisdom
A key risk of using electronic data collection transmitting data to another computer directly, thereby increasing the risk of error
FALSE
Consistently sharing information about patients across health system violates interoperability
FALSE
Informatics nurses do not need to evaluate the impact on patients of treatment by robot or app
FALSE
MoSCoW stands for "Must have, Should have, Could have, and Would have". The "should have" requirements are needed to meet the business needs and are critical to the success of the project
FALSE
Most nurses are not well-equipped to be engaged in the development and integration of a nationwide EHR
FALSE
Much can be learned from the related fields of cognitive engineering, human factors, and ergonomics about how to make interfaces more compatible with their human users and the context of care
FALSE
New realities have transformed professional lives while generally leaving personal lives alone
FALSE
Qualitative data focus on numbers and frequencies, with the goal of describing a situation or looking for high-quality relationships such as correlations and specific variable contributions to an outcome. This aim stands in contrast to quantitative analysis, which focuses on experiences and meaning
FALSE
Semantic interoperability is not necessary for public health data exchange
FALSE
The decision tree mining technique uses regression to predict the outcome of y
FALSE
The term big data refers to the process of using software to sort through data to discover patterns and ascertain or establish relationship
FALSE
The three sources of knowledge are intuition, instinct, and wisdom:
FALSE
Under the Medicare Access and Summary CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA), there is now an explicit requirement for providers and hospitals to use a certified EHR that meets a set of standard functional definitions to be eligible for reimbursement incentives
FALSE
Nurses may generate and record data from their own observations or with the assistance of various devices. Free text (informational data, such as drug dosages administered, resources used, and problems diagnosed) is recorded electronically. Free text is then interpreted and organized by some standardizing principle, either manually or by computer. In this way, data (often qualitative data that cannot be traditionally measured in numeric sense) can be organized and processed. A central issue to the generation and analysis of free text data is the lack of a generally accepted set of terminology to capture nursing data.
TRUE
Nurses must know key aspects of national laws and organizational policies governing privacy and security of health information
TRUE
Nurses use data and information. This information is then converted to knowledge. The nurse then acts on this knowledge by initiating a plan of care, updating existing one, or maintaining the status quo.
TRUE
Patients who have a predisposition to disease are at an increased risk of medical problems associated with employment, lifestyle, or location, and those patients who have displayed early signs of potentially serious health problems could be placed on preventive monitoring. In such cases, telehealth could benefit these patients because monitoring could ensure that interventions are timely and acute incidents are avoided
TRUE
Relevant information is a subjective descriptor, in that a group of users must have information that is relevant or applicable to their needs at the same time.
TRUE
Some admission, discharge, and transfer (ADT) systems are capable of exchanging information across facilities to track patients receiving services from multiple providers, thus promoting coordinated care and care efficiencies
TRUE
Technology should not be implemented for the sake of automation unless it promises to deliver gains in patient outcomes and proper workflow
TRUE
The DSDM is a highly iterative and incremental approach with a high level of user input and involvement
TRUE
The Foundation of Knowledge Model suggests that the most important aspect of information discovery, retrieval, and delivery is the ability to acquire, process, generate, and disseminate knowledge in ways that help those managing the knowledge reevaluate and rethink the way they understand and use what they know and have learned
TRUE
The demand for telehealth visits and virtual consultations increased as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as a way of reducing exposure to the virus
TRUE
The human interfaces for each of the various technologies are different and can even differ among different brands or versions of the same device
TRUE
The user experience (UX) is the user's experience from interacting with an object, product, or service. It has been connected to the term usability and refers to the design of products and services with the user in mind in order to meet the user's needs
TRUE
We can capture data from our patients' wearable devices such as smart watches. The data we collect and analyze from smart devices permit us to forecast or predict health problems and personalize treatment, supporting personalized medicine
TRUE
examining the workflow surrounding the use of technology enables better use of the technology and more efficient work
TRUE
