Nursing Research and Theory Ch.2

Four concepts common in nursing theory that influence and determine nursing practice are

(1) the person (patient), (2) the environment, (3) health, and (4) nursing.

Traditional Knowledge

-part of nursing practice passed down from generation to generation -no research to support this

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?

Evidence-based research

Steps in Implementing EBP

Step 1: Ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an intervention. Step 2: Collect the most relevant and best evidence. Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence. Step 4: Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a decision to change. Step 5: Evaluate the practice decision or change.

EBP

blends both the science and the art of nursing

Authoritative Knowledge

comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based on the person's perceived expertise

theory

composed of a group of concepts that describe a pattern of reality.

Nursing theory

differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by serving the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?

drug metabolism

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

Nightingale's Contributions

influenced nursing knowledge and practice by demonstrating efficient and knowledgeable nursing care, defining nursing practice as separate and distinct from medical practice, and differentiating between health nursing and illness nursing.

Concepts

like ideas, are abstract impressions organized into symbols of reality. concepts describe objects, properties, and events and relationships among them.

Resistance to using EBP may arise in the current health care setting as a result of??

nursing shortage, the acuity level of patients, nurses' skill in reading and evaluating published research, and an organizational culture that does not support change.

Scientific Knowledge

obtained through the scientific method (research)

Philosophy is the study of

wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to develop and construct one's perceptions of life.

Specific patient rights include

informed consent, the patient's right to consent knowledgeably to participate in a study without coercion (knowing that this consent may be withdrawn at any time) or to refuse to participate without jeopardizing the care that he or she will receive, he right to confidentiality, and the right to be protected from harm.

Evidence-based practice(EBP) in nursing is a?

problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available

A student nurse interacting with patients on a cardiac unit recognizes the four concepts in nursing theory that determine nursing practice. Of these four, which is most important? A)Person B)Environment C)Health D)Nursing

A) Person

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?

General systems theory

A group of students are studying modern day nursing practices. What is the theme that enhanced the practice of nursing in the 21st century? A)improved treatment of women B)traditional following of physician orders C)religious freedom D)state mandated continuing education

A) improved treatment of women

Which theory describes how humans adjust to life with other living things and with the environment?

Adaptive theory

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

To ensure that a research study is ethical, a nurse researcher must observe which human rights for participants? Select all that apply.

Self-determinism Privacy Anonymity Fair treatment

A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?

Traditional knowledge