nut 10 week 2 bsss

To calculate the BMR for a 76 kg female, you would do the following:

0.9 kcal/kg body weight per hour x 76 kg x 24 hr/d = 1,642 kcal/d.

3500 calories is

1 lb of fat

To calculate her activity cost for light activity, you would do the following:

1,642 kcal/d x 0.5 = 821 kcal/d.

what is the % for strenuous activity?

100

fiber

25 grams for women 38 g for men

what are the % for sedentary activity?

30

TEF =

5% (1000 +500) =/05 x 1500 =75kcal

calculate TEF

5% of the sum (BMR +Activity) = TEF

what its the % for light activity?

50

how much fat did he gain in one week

500 x 7 = 3500 =1lb

what is the % for moderate activity?

70

physiological fuel value for fat

9 kcal/g twice and then someeeee

glycogen

The basic unit of glycogen is glucose. Glycogen is a storage form of carbohydrate for animals and humans. animal human starch made form glucosee units

eurt

The difference between high fructose corn syrup and table sugar is that high fructose corn syrup is made up of monosaccharides and table sugar is made up of disaccharides.pxplmcoc lm

energy

ability to do work metabolic work physical work

calories in a meal are

additive

factors that change BMR

age, fasting, exercise

A portion of the food we eat is not digested and absorbed, so it ends up in the stool. The physiological fuel value refers to the

amount of energy our body actually gets when we eat a food item.

in a bomb calorimeter, the food in question is burned, and heat is given off while the water heats up. From this change in temperature in the water chamber, the total or maximum number of calories in the food c

an be calculated. Since we are not taking into account how many calories our body is able to absorb from the food (physiological fuel value), a bomb calorimeter is solely determining the total potential energy that food item contains.

measure:

at rest, fasted 12 hours, 24 hours without exercise, and neutral room temperature

whats listed on the label?

calories is the food form of energy and its the physiological fuel value for carbs, protein, and fat

plants is where we get most of our

carbohydrates in our diet take water up and take in CO2

first type of fiber water insoluble

cellulose heme-cellulose wheat, vegetables holds water and bulks up the intestine, speeds waste passage

carbohydrate

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body carbon hydrated with water

green tea

contains cachins your metabolism

simple carbohydrate

cookie fruit energy drinks 9

fasting

decreases BMR approx 10-20% within 48 hours

what is his energy intake calculation

depends if gain or loss

primary focus for carbs is

energy

basic functions of carbohydrates 3 types

energy crucial for brain and muscles strucutre regulate

TEF = thermic effect of food

energy needed for digestion of food and assimilation of food approx 50-200 5-10% of calorie intake

The Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) is the

energy needed to digest and assimilate food. The TEF is the smallest component of our energy need, since its value usually falls between 50-200 kcal.

Lactose intolerance is due to the low activity/lack of the

enzyme lactase which is used to digest the milk sugar lactose.

Indigestible energy losses from protein appear in the stool, while indigestible energy losses from carbohydrates appear in the urine.

false protien contains nitrogen and excretes urea

physiological fuel value for carbohydrate

for every 1 gram of carbohydrate your body gets 4kcal

jam

fructose/sucrose

3500 calories excess

gain 1lb

Both high fructose corn syrup and table sugar are made up of glucose and fructose units. The difference is that in high fructose corn syrup,

glucose and fructose exist as monosaccharides, while in table sugar the glucose and fructose are bonded together to make the disaccharide, sucrose.

3 fav monosaccharides

glucose(blood, starch, 1/2 table sugar) fructose (fruit sugar) galactose (1/2 milk sugar this makes up half of lactose)

The amount of energy needed to support the cost of building new tissue and the material that makes up tissue (i.e. muscle and bone) is the cost of __________ and is taken into consideration for ___________.

growth children only "Growth" is the energy needed to build new tissues, as well as to build the material that makes up these tissues, such as muscle and bone. Growth is taken into account when determining a child's energy requirement.

second type of fiber: water soluble

gums pectins fruits oats beans

diet sodas do not

have any carbohydrates

Check all that apply. Body functions that contribute to the BMR include:

heart beating lungs breathing in and out liver doing its maintenance duties

calorie

heat or energy measure in food kilocalorie kcal

TEF thermic effect of food

heat/energy needed to digest and assimilate food

BMR = basal metabolic rate

heat/energy needed to keep basic body functions going such as heart and lung function

health benefits of water soluble fiber

helps lower blood cholesterol helps lower heat diseasee risk and type 2 diabteesl cardiovascular disease helps reduce appetite (potential weight control) slows digestion, leading to greater feelings of fullness maintains better blood glucose levels

health benefits of water insoluble fiber

helps relieve constipation helps lower risk of colon cancer(kicking out carcinogens) helps lower incidcen of large intestinal problems such as herrhoids and diverticulitis

fiber % DV

if can is 8 grams 8/25 grams x 100 = 32 % DV for one cup

lactose intlerance

inability to digest lactose lackign aenzyme lactase

exercise

increases BMR (variable effect)

fiber

indigestible many health benefits

milk

lactose; dissacharide

Water-insoluble fiber holds water, which causes the stool to bulk up in the intestinal tract,

leading to a faster passage of waste.

the physiological fuel value is going to be

less than what you get from a bomb calorimeter

3500 calories deficient

lose 1lb

Yogurt is a simple carbohydrate

made of lactose, which is a disaccharide.

Males have a greater BMR per unit of body weight because

males typically have more lean muscle tissue, while females typically have more body fat. Lean muscle tissue requires more energy to maintain than body fat does. The equation used for males is 1.0 kcal/kg body weight per hour, while the equation is 0.9 kcal/kg body weight per hour for females.

fruit is

monosaccharide simple sugars

The basic unit of all carbohydrate is a

monosaccharide, which is a single 6-carbon ring structure.

Glucose is the monosaccharide that is

most commonly found in food and inside of you.

what do you do?

multiply the BMR with .%

how do you determine how many calories you have?

need macronutrient info: protein,carb, protein grams and then apply physiological fuel value

The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the amount of energy/heat/calories

needed to keep basic body functions going. The BMR is measured in a person at rest and without food or exercise for 24 hours. The BMR is typically the largest component of our daily energy needs (~1,000-2,000 kcal/d).

water, cholesterol, vitamins, and minerals, fiber have

no calories

complex carbohydrates

polysaccharides and starched pasta/bread/

bread

polysacchsaride

a bomb calorimeter is used to calculate the number of calories in food the total or max number of calories in food represents the

potential energy

A calorie is the heat needed to

raise 1 liter (about 4 cups) of water 1 degree Celsius. When we eat food, we break the chemical bonds in the macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate, and fat), release energy in the form of heat, and release carbon as CO2. The amount of energy released from the carbon-containing food is equivalent to the energy released when an animal eats this same food.

Monosaccharides

simple carbs and simple sugars 6C rings

fiber water soluble

stomach filling, maintains better blood glucose control. and role in weight loss and weight control makes a gel

protein lose to

stool and in urea (CARRIER OF NITROGEN) TO URINE

polysaccharide: glycogen

storage form of glucose in animal cells basic unit is glucose

disaccharides

sucrose (table sugar) maltose (beer, malt, bean sprouts)

"Activity" takes into account the energy needed to do any body movements above rest (i.e. sitting, standing, walking, etc.). The activity component is usually equal to or less than your BMR.

true

1,123 kcal/d falls in the predicted range for BMR, which is between 1,000 to 2,000 kcal/d.

true

glycogen likes to be with

water

fiber kernel of grain:

wheat rye rice grains

Water-insoluble fiber comes from grains and vegetables and is an indigestible carbohydrate.

whole grains beans vegetables

age:

with increase in age BMR decreases, after age 20 bMr decrease 2-3% every 10 years

calculate BMR

women: 0.9kcal x body weight (kg) x 24hrs = kcal/day men: 1.0 kcal / (kg x hr) x body weight (kg) x 24hrs = kcal/day

physiological fuel value for protein

you loose more indigestible loss in stool so its 4kcal/g

To calculate her TEF, you would do the following:

0.05 x (1,642 kcal/d + 821 kcal/d) = 123 kcal/d. 107 kcal/d is the TEF for a 76 kg male with a light activity level.

artificial or non nutritive sweaters are

0 calories pass thru unabsorbed or break down in body

what are the components the energy requirement for child

BMR activity TEF energy cost of growth

components of your energy requirement

BMR activity TEF growth

calculations

Fat calories = 90 kcal Carbohydrate calories = 144 kcal Protein calories = 48 kcal Total calories = 282 kcal Using the information above, calculate the percent of calories coming from fat, protein, and carbohydrates in the hummus from the previous question. You will type in the correct answer from the options given in parentheses. % Fat Calories Divide the number of fat calories, kcal (90, 144, 48, 282) by the total calories (90, 144, 48, 282) kcal and multiply it by 100 to get our percentage of % fat calories. (32, 51, 17) % Carbohydrate Calories Divide the number of carbohydrate calories kcal (90, 144, 48, 282) by the total calories kcal (90, 144, 48, 282) and multiply it by 100 to get our percentage of % carbohydrate calories. (32, 51, 17) % Protein Calories Divide the number of protein calories kcal (90, 144, 48, 282) by the total calories kcal (90, 144, 48, 282) and multiply it by 100 to get our percentage of % protein calories. (32, 51, 17)

Fiber is made up of monosaccharides units that provide potential energy, that's only available to animals that can digest fiber.

Humans have the enzymes to digest the polysaccharide starch, but not fiber. Since humans don't make the enzyme to digest fiber, the energy in fiber is not physiologically available to us.

women burn less calories during exercise

because she has average less muscle mass on average

oxidize

break chemical bonds release energy release co2