NUTR test 6

The physical activity factor for a man who walks ~7 miles per day at 3 to 4 mph is 1.11

1.25

Approximately how much essential fat does a female have? 15 percent

12 percent

If you consume 55 grams of carbohydrates, how many kilocalories have been consumed? 155 250

220

Approximately how many excess kilocalories are required to gain 1 pound of body weight? 2,500 3,000 2,750

3,500

RMR is approximately how much higher than the BMR? 10 Percent 8 percent

6 percent

How many kilocalories are contained per gram of alcohol?

7

How many kilocalories are contained per gram of fat?

9

________ can be triggered by learned behaviors and emotions such as anxiety and stress.

Appetite

Ben was in the mood for a juicy hamburger and fries from his favorite fast-food joint. He was feeling guilty because he knew that he had to watch his weight, yet he was hungry. His "slimming" breakfast shake was long gone. What would be a good strategy for Ben to adopt?

Consider eating a large salad before eating the hamburger.

A bomb calorimeter will indirectly measure the kilocalorie content of food by measuring the amount of heat released from the food during combustion.

False

Approximately 17 percent of the kilocalories in food are used for TEF or digestion.

False

Being underweight does not really increase the risk of developing diseases.

False

Body weight is not a contributing factor when referring to TEE.

False

Consumption of very-low-kilocalorie diets to achieve weight loss are not associated with any risks.

False

Direct calorimetry is the measurement of energy expenditure by the body by assessing oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

False

Genetics does not play a role in obesity.

False

Grazing is a strategy that can be employed to reduce kilocalorie consumption.

False

In order to gain weight, an underweight individual just needs to add high-fat, kilocalorie-dense foods to the diet.

False

Kilocalorie reduction is not the component that determines the efficacy of a weight-loss plan.

False

Overweight individuals are not at risk of suffering from any psychological effects due to their being overweight.

False

Positive energy balance is created when more energy is expended than is taken in.

False

The body requires an excess 2,700 kilocalories to gain one pound of body weight.

False

The classification of obesity is not different between men and women.

False

The hormone ghrelin is produced in response to ingestion of a large meal with carbohydrates.

False

The kilocalorie content of food is calculated by multiplying the milligrams of a certain macronutrient by the kilocalories contained in each gram.

False

The kilocalorie values obtained from a bomb calorimeter can be used directly and considered equivalent to human digestion and metabolism.

False

The physical activity factor given to a female who is considered very active is 1.27.

False

Weight gain for an underweight individual is not as much of a challenge as weight loss for an overweight individual.

False

When an individual loses weight, both the size and the number of fat cells are reduced.

False

What statement describes a positive energy balance?

Intake is greater than energy expenditure.

All of the following statements about obesity in men and women are true except:

Only women with gynoid obesity and men with android obesity are classified as truly obese.

What is the result of enhanced LPL activity? Changes in weight become permanent.

The fat accumulation increases.

Which of the following is not true of very-low-kilocalorie diets?

They require a strong support group in order to ensure compliance.

About 10 percent of all eating disorders occur in men.

True

Both genes and the environment play complementary roles in promoting the current obesity epidemic.

True

Carbohydrates have more influence on TEF than fat does.

True

Consuming a meal in a cold environment increases the TEF.

True

EER is based on gender, height, age, weight, and activity level.

True

Even a small reduction in body weight can improve the health of overweight individuals.

True

Exercise and physical activity are equally important for those who wish to lose weight and those who wish to gain weight.

True

Grazing can result in weight gain.

True

LPL activity differs between men and women.

True

Measuring the amount of oxygen consumption during combustion of food will provide an indirect measurement of the energy content of food.

True

Satiation inhibits the desire to eat more food.

True

Some benefits of gastric bypass surgery may include a reduction in diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

True

Studies have shown that a large majority of individuals who lose weight regain it all within a few years.

True

The Harris-Benedict equation for calculating EER will take into account an individual's RMR.

True

The amount of food in a serving is often influenced by the size of the package or bowl that it is served from.

True

The energy required to maintain body posture is categorized as non-exercise activity thermogenesis.

True

The heat released from food during combustion is due to the breaking of chemical bonds within the food itself.

True

The hormone leptin regulates the amount of fat in the adipose tissue, in addition to having an effect on hunger and satiety.

True

The psychological effects of being overweight or underweight can be equally destructive.

True

To maintain a stable body weight, the amount of kilocalories in versus kilocalories out must be equal.

True

Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) is a sum total of TEE, TEF, and BMR.

True

A fat cell is called a(n)

adipocyte.

Which of the following is not a situation when ghrelin levels are high?

after moderate exercise

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy spent to meet the body's basic physiological needs when it's at

all of these

Which of the following are problems that accompany the use of height-weight tables?

all of these

Which of the following is a hormone that controls hunger and/or satiety?

all of these

Who can best treat an eating disorder?

all of these

Which of the following are typical of the hype associated with some fad diets?

all of these are examples of fad diet hype.

Which of the following statements is true?

all of these statements are true.

Long-term weight management depends on all of the following except

better reading habits.

The ratio of fat tissue to lean body mass is referred to as

body composition.

Estimated energy requirement is based on all of the following except

body posture.

Hunger and satiation are controlled by the ________.

brain

Most of the health effects of which eating disorder are due to self-induced vomiting?

bulimia nervosa

Sarah and Patti had been close friends since childhood. Now they were seniors in high school. They were excited and nervous about going away to college in August. Patti wanted everything to be just right for their college experience. Lately Sarah was beginning to notice some changes in Patti's behavior. She seemed to be more withdrawn and moody. She was losing weight and her eating habits seemed weird. She loved to eat in the evenings when they were watching TV together. Sarah noticed that Patti's eyes were often red, as though she had been crying. The knuckles on her fingers appeared sore as well. This was all very puzzling to Sarah. What was Patti most likely suffering from?

bulimia nervosa

According to the textbook, energy balance can best be described using what five-word phrase?

energy in versus energy out

Negative energy balance is described as a state when

expenditure exceeds intake.

Lean body mass includes all of the following except

fat

The food energy that isn't oxidized to yield carbon dioxide and water is stored as either

glycogen or fat.

Which of the following is the key to successful weight loss?

having a commitment to adopting healthy diet and lifestyle habits and maintaining them over time

Direct calorimetry monitors energy expenditure by measuring the amount of none of these oxygen consumed.

heat produced

Which of the following is not a factor that increases the risk of obesity?

increased availability of fruits and vegetables throughout the year

What causes those who suffer from anorexia nervosa to control their food intake?

intense fear of becoming overweight

What factor is not considered when calculating EER using the Harris-Benedict equation?

lean body mass

Linda weighs 210 pounds. She is currently considering a weight-loss regimen. What would be considered a reasonable goal for Linda over the next six months?

lose 21 pounds

What is the most frequently fatal health effect among those who suffer from an eating disorder?

low blood potassium

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is a measurement of energy expenditure when the body is

motionless after a 3- to 4-hour fast.

Kelly is a 25-year-old secretary at a local law office. Her height is just under 5 feet (below average). Her BMI is 26. How would Kelly be classified?

overweight

________ is the most satiating of all nutrients and has been shown to reduce food intake.

protein

A kilocalorie as measured using a bomb calorimeter is defined as

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by one degree Celsius.

The energy used to extract kilocalories from foods and process the macronutrients is referred to as the energy effect of food.

the thermic effect of food

Which of the following disease risks are increased in overweight individuals? all of these

type II diabetes

Which of the following measurements is most associated with risk for health complications? all of these BMI TEE

waist circumference

All of the following activities are considered part of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) except

walking.

In which group of people are disordered eating and eating disorders more common?

young adult females