nutr1030 ch11 hw

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table salt is chemically known as

sodium chloride

major minerals are called major because

they are stored in the body in larger quantities they are needed in greater dietary amounts

water aids in the removal of waste products from the body

through the production of urine

T/F: the adult (19-30 years of age) RDA for magnesium is 400 milligrams per day for young men and 310 milligrams per day for young women

true

the simplest ways to determine hydration status are observing urine

volume color

which of the following are good food sources of calcium

yogurt milk cheese milk products

rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least

1. urine 2. insensible perspiration 3. expired air 4. feces

the adequate intake for total water intake is ___ cups per day for young adult men and ___ cups per day for young adult women

15.5, 11

depending on a person's unique body composition roughly what percentage of body weight is contributed by water?

50-75%

hyperphosphatemia can contribute to the development of

CVD

match the mineral with its major deficiency sign and symptom

calcium - incr risk of osteoporosis and hypertension sodium - muscle cramps potassium - irregular heartbeat and muscle cramps

excellent sources of chloride include

celery tomatoes seaweed

alcohol inhibits ADH secretion from the pituitary gland resulting in water losses greater than the volume of fluid consumed which contributes to

dehydration

a magnesium toxicity often results in

diarrhea

the blood pressure reading that represents the pressure in an artery when the ventricles relax between contractions is called the

diastolic pressure

about 25% of older Americans who experience a broken hip ___ within 1 year of the injury

die

a substance that increases urine production is called a

diuretic

since most Americans use too much table salt, and since table salt is sodium and chloride, most Americans get ___ than the AI for chloride

greater than

risk factors for developing hypertension include

having African-American ancestry smoking cigarettes being obese

the term that describes the body's water status

hydration

match the parts of the words hyperphosphatemia to the word's meaning

hyper - too much phosphate - mineral emia - blood

regular blood pressure screening is the best way to detect

hypertension

the condition that is characterized by elevated blood pressure is called

hypertension

an adult with a systolic blood pressure of 145 mm Hg would be considered

hypertensive

during water intoxication, the excess water consumed dilutes the sodium concentration of the blood resulting in a condition known as

hyponatremia

over 53 million Americans have osteoporosis or are at a high risk for the disease because they have a

low bone mass

according to national dietary surveys of Americans, typical intakes of ___ fall short of the RDA or AI

magnesium

which of the following is considered a major mineral (needed in quantities of greater than 100mg)

magnesium

good sources of sulfur in the diet include

meat poultry fish eggs milk cheese legumes nuts

a chronic disease characterized by low bone mass and reduced bone structure is called

osteoporosis

the amount of water a person needs to consume is determined by

physical activities health conditions dietary choices environmental temperatures

seeds and beans are not considered good sources of phosphorus because they contain factors which inhibits dietary phosphorus absorption called

phytate

symptoms of a phosphorus deficiency include

poor appetite weight loss fatigue muscle pain weakened immune system bone pain symptoms similar to rickets

each of the myplate food groups contribute minerals to the diet. what are the five myplate food groups?

protein dairy fruits grains vegetables

which of the following is not a good source of magnesium?

refined grains

functions for chloride in the body include

regulation of acid base balance transmission of nerve impulses hydrochloric acid production in the stomach immune fighting response of the white blood cells

people whose blood pressure remains uncontrolled while take three medications have ___ hypertension

resistant

hypertension is often called the "___ ___" because high blood pressure generally does not cause symptoms

silent killer

populations who are at an increased risk of magnesium deficiency include

alcoholics uncontrolled diabetics


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