Nutrient chemistry Smartbook

Carbohydrates have a ratio of hydrogen to oxygen close to _____.

2:1

A monosaccharide will have about how many carbon atoms?

6

Select all that apply Indicate all choices that describe glycogen.

An energy storage molecule in animals A long chain of glucose molecules Stored in the liver

There are 3 classes of carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Glucose is an example of a ____________, glycogen is an example of a _________________ and lactose is an example of a disaccharide.

Blank 1: monosaccharide Blank 2: polysaccharide

The building blocks of carbohydrates are _______________, the building blocks of proteins are amino ________________ and the building blocks of nucleic acids are ________________.

Blank 1: monosaccharides Blank 2: acids Blank 3: nucleotides

Select all that apply Identify the building blocks of triglycerides.

Fatty acids, and Glycerol

Select all that apply Identify the roles of carbohydrates in the body.

Forms cell membrane structure and Serves as an energy source

In addition to being the principle molecule that is broken down to provide energy for the body, carbohydrates also do which of the following?

Provide bulk in the feces

monosaccharide

This figure of an organic molecule represents a(n) ______.

triglyceride

This figure shows a type of lipid molecule called a(n)_____________ molecule.

amino or glycine

This illustration of an organic molecule is a(n) acid.

disaccharide

This picture of an organic molecule represents a(n) ______ molecule.

The region of a protein that binds a ligand, such as the substrate-binding site of an enzyme or the hormone-binding site of a receptor is known as the ______________ site.

active

The small organic molecules that are the monomers used to form proteins are ______.

amino acids

When two simple sugars are covalently linked together, a(n) ______ is formed.

disaccharide

A substance that facilitates chemical reactions in the body by reducing the energy of activation required to allow the reaction to occur is a(n) ______.

enzyme

Maltase is probably a(n) _____ because of the -ase on the end of its name.

enzyme

A major type of lipid molecule that can store energy, insulate, and act to cushion the body describes a(n) ______.

fat

The building blocks of triglycerides that are long chains of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group attached to one end are _____.

fatty acids

An energy-storage glucose polymer stored by the liver and skeletal muscle cells is _________________.

glycogen

Fatty acids are ______.

long chains of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group attached to one end

The covalent bond that connects amino acids to one another is known as a(n) ______________ bond.

peptide

Two amino acids are being held together. What type of bond connects them?

peptide

Amino acids are the subunits of larger molecules called ___________.

proteins, protein, peptides, polypeptides, or peptide

The level of protein structure associated with the relationships between subunits is the _____ level.

quaternary

An example of a disaccharide is ______.

sucrose

A lipid composed of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a(n) ______.

triglyceride

Most fats in the body are ______.

triglycerides

What is the active site of an enzyme?

where it binds its substrate