Nutrition 130 Exam 2 Review Exam

The dietary Upper Limit (UL) for sodium intake is:

2300 mg

There is an overall loss of bone density beginning when a person reaches:

40 years of age

What is a phytochemical?

A chemical naturally found in plants.

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the effects of antioxidants of CHD?

Antioxidants may increase inflammation

Mary G. is 60 years old and at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary supplements would be the MOST helpful to minimize bone loss?

Calcium and Vitamin D

Which of the following is metabolized in the Krebs cycle?

Carbohydrate, protein, and fat

Free radicals can damage the body in which of the following ways:

Changes to proteins in the cell and changes to genetic material in the cell

Which of the following is NOT a health-promoting function associated with a high intake of phytochemicals?

Decrease in bone loss associated with osteoporosis.

Which of the following statements are true?

Dietary supplements do not need approval from the FDA before they are marketed. Once a supplement is marketed, the FDA must prove it is unsafe before the product will be removed from the market. There are no rules to limit the serving size or amount of a nutrient in any dietary supplement.

Which of the following in true regarding carotenoids?

Diets rich in foods high in carotenoids may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease and certain cancers and carotenoids are found in red, orange and deep green vegetables.

True/False: Men are at greater risk for iron deficiency than women.

False

True/False: Phytoestrogens are found in high concentration in chocolate.

False

True/False: Supplements of carotene are as effective as foods containing carotene in terms of disease prevention.

False

True/False: The regulation of dietary supplements is just as rigorous as the regulation of drugs.

False

A lack of iodine in the diet increases the risk of:

Goiter

Diets high in sodium have been linked in some people to

Hypertension

The DASH diet was developed to lower the risk for:

Hypertension

Which of the following groups are most vulnerable to dehydration?

Infants and the elderly

The MAJOR source of iodine in the typical American's diet is?

Iodized salt

Folate deficiency during pregnancy is associated with:

Neural tube defects

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding free radicals?

Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals.

Which of the following is a function of electrolytes?

Regulate fluid balance, maintain normal blood pressure, and nerve impulses and muscle contraction

Which of the following have been associated with excess caffeine intake?

Rise in blood pressure and heart rate, seizures, mood swings

Which of the following is our primary dietary source of vitamin D?

Salmon, mackerel, sardines, and milk

The deficiency disease associated with Vitamin C is:

Scurvy

Which of the following increases the RDA for vitamin C?

Smoking cigarettes

Which of the following foods has the most potassium?

Sweet potato

Which of the following is a function of water in the human body?

Transportation of nutrients, maintaining blood volume, maintaining body temperature

True/False: A diet rich in potassium has shown to help maintain a healthy blood pressure.

True

True/False: Fortified grain products are a good source of folate.

True

True/False: Maintaining a healthy weight is associated with reduced cancer risk.

True

True/False: MyPlate recommends consuming 3 cups of low-fat milk per day.

True

True/False: When a food is fortified vitamins or minerals have been added to the food in quantities greater than were originally there.

True

A deficiency of this nutrient is common in developing countries and cause blindness, increased susceptibility to infection and death.

Vitamin A

A deficiency of this nutrient is common in developing countries and causes blindness, increased susceptibility to infections and death.

Vitamin A

Jen's doctor has told her she is anemic. She is a vegetarian and has been taking an iron supplement. A deficiency of which of the following is most likely the cause of Jen's anemia?

Vitamin B12

Which of the following nutrients increases the rate of intestinal calcium absorption?

Vitamin D

This nutrient is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is destroyed by heat. It is found in oils and nuts. It is an antioxidant. This nutrient is:

Vitamin E

What two major nutrients are supplied by the fruit and vegetable groups?

Vitamins A and C

Which of the following does NOT describe water-soluble vitamins?

Water-soluble vitamins are stored in large amounts in the body.

Who is at risk for iron deficiency anemia?

Women in their reproductive years, infants, and endurance athletes

Which of the following nutrients are not replaced in an enriched grain product?

Zinc and fiber