nutrition 3

Mattie wants to use organic farming methods. Which of the following steps can she take to grow or raise organic produce and poultry on her farm?

Harvest peaches from trees that have been sprayed with a pesticide made from flowers.

Kevin was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much niacin cures pellagra, the niacin deficiency disease. During the study, he consumed only a formula diet that was deficient in niacin. After developing pellagra, he was given 2 mg of niacin a day for 2 weeks, but he still suffered from the disease, so the scientists added 2 mg of the vitamin to Kevin's formula. By the beginning of the 5th week of the study, the researchers noticed that Kevin's signs and symptoms were greatly improved. At the end of the 5th week, he was feeling fine. The researchers concluded that

Kevin's niacin requirement was about 4 mg a day.

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of frozen mango slices, a serving of fruit provides approximately 5% of the DV for potassium. The DV for potassium is 4700 mg. Approximately how many mg of potassium are in a serving of the mango slices?

235

According to MyPlate, Erika should consume 3 cups of milk daily. She prefers eating plain yogurt to drinking milk. How much plain yogurt can she eat to meet her plan's recommendation for milk and milk products?

3 CUPS

Three-year-old Amanda doesn't like to drink milk, but she'll eat certain kinds of natural cheese, especially cheddar cheese. According to MyPlate, Amanda should consume 2 cups of dairy products daily. To meet this recommendation, Amanda can consume ____ of cheddar cheese daily.

3 ounces

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a food package, a serving of the product provides 25%DV for sodium. The DV for sodium is 2300 mg. Each serving of this product provides approximately ____ mg of sodium.

575

Regular mayonnaise is nearly 100% fat and supplies about 100 kcal per tablespoon. To be labeled "light" mayonnaise, a product that simulates regular mayonnaise should provide less than _____ kcal per tablespoon.

67

Each day, Alicia takes pills that contain vitamin C. Her RDA for the vitamin is 75 mg. How much vitamin C per day would be a megadose amount for Alicia?

750 mg

Which of the following statements is true?

A person who regularly consumes more than the UL for a nutrient is likely to develop the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

Before she shops for groceries, Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family. Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use?

MyPlate

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid eating solid food for awhile. Based on this information, she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formula.

DRIs

Which of the following statements is true?

Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes.

In the United States, which agency is responsible for regulating the kinds of information that can be displayed on food product labels?

FDA

Kristan uses % DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients?

Potassium

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.

RDA

Which of the following recommendations is an overarching guideline of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Follow a healthy eating pattern across the life span.

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent only three different MyPlate food groups?

Stir-fry made with chicken, broccoli, rice, green peas, and soy sauce

Which of the following statements is true?

The FDA does not permit dietary supplement manufacturers to market their products as cures for diseases.

Some food guides classify _____ as oils.

fatty fish

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level for a nutrient is the

highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.

Which of the following dietary supplements is an herbal product that is highly toxic or contains cancer-causing material?

ma huang

Food guides classify _____ with oils.

mayonnaise

Which of the following products is a popular dietary supplement among American adults?

melatonin

Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate?

oils

Which of the following dietary supplements is an herbal product that is highly toxic or contains cancer-causing material?

pennyroyal

Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the _____ group.

protein foods

Consider the following individuals. Charles is a healthy 25-year-old male bodybuilder; Katelyn is a 28-year-old pregnant woman; Jayson is a 10-year-old boy who has a cold; Caleb is a 78-year-old man with cancer; and Phyllis is a 35-year-old woman who has a chronic disease of the small intestine. Which of these persons needs to take at least one multivitamin/multimineral supplement each day? (Check all that apply.)

all

Josh was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much thiamin cures beriberi, the vitamin's deficiency disease. During the study, Josh consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it didn't contain thiamin. Within a few weeks, Josh developed beriberi. At that point, researchers gave 0.2 mg of thiamin to Josh each day for a week, but his signs and symptoms of beriberi remained. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Josh's intake of the vitamin by 0.2 mg/week. After a week of taking 0.6 mg of thiamin/day, Josh reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Josh's

requirement for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.

While preparing food, Max wants to use an ingredient that contains healthy fat in a recipe. Which of the following fats should he use?

corn oil

In general, food guides do not group _____ with diary foods.

cream cheese

A nutrient requirement is

smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health

Brandon uses %DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. He should limit his daily intake of _____ to less than the Daily Value.

sodium

Robin reads Nutrition Facts panels on packaged foods to choose nutrient-dense products. By reading the panels, she is able to determine the amount of _____ in a serving of a food.

sodium

Bernie's favorite foods and beverages include grilled beef steak, hamburgers, candied sweet potatoes, 2% milk, bran muffins, sugary soft drinks, apples, sausage, bananas, and peanut butter. After taking a nutrition course, Bernie wants to follow a healthy dietary pattern. To meet this goal, he should ______. (Check all that apply.)

drink water instead of soft drinks. eat fish twice a week. replace peanut butter with cream cheese.

One day, Donnie ate snacks that included peanut butter on crackers, a bowl of chocolate pudding made with low-fat milk, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and a hard-cooked egg. According to MyPlate, which of these foods is a major source of empty calories in Americans' diets?

soft drink

Today, the only food Meghan ate was 16 ounces of lemon-flavored yogurt, 8 ounces of cooked turkey, and 2 cups of ready-to-eat cereal. According to MyPlate, she ate nothing from the food group that includes

strawberries.

According to 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, people should avoid eating _____ because the fish can be high in methylmercury.

swordfish

According to MyPlate, Chloe should consume 2½ cups of vegetables daily. She wants to substitute enough vegetable juice to equal 1 cup of raw vegetables. Based on this information, Chloe should drink ____ of the juice.

1 cup

Maple syrup supplies about 200 kcal per ¼ cup serving. To be labeled "light" pancake syrup, a product that simulates maple syrup should provide about _____ or fewer kcal per ¼ cup.

133

According to MyPlate, Donovan should consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. Which of the following foods should he consume to replace 1 cup of milk?

2 oz of processed cheese

A group of 50 adult male humans were in a clinical study to determine how much niacin is toxic. During the first two weeks of the study, members of the group consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it contained 24 mg niacin, which is 1.5 times the RDA for niacin (males). At that point in the study, all members reported feeling fine, and they could function normally. During the next week, they were given a formula that contained 48 mg niacin. Within a few days of consuming this formula, 90% of the participants reported feeling ill, and they complained of having upset stomachs and reddened facial skin. At that point, researchers gave the subjects a formula that contain 16 mg niacin. After a week of consuming the new formula, all participants reported feeling well again. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that the

UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day.

To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add _____ of the nutrient to its EAR.

a "margin of safety" amount

Recently, Miriah participated in a study that was designed to determine how much iron is necessary to prevent iron deficiency. Within a few weeks of consuming an iron-free diet, Miriah's red blood cells began to show signs that they lacked iron, and she began to complain about feeling tired. At that point, the researcher added some iron to Miriah's food, so her daily intake of the mineral was 1 mg. After 1 week, the researchers checked the iron content of Miriah's blood, and although it was higher than the earlier value, she still complained about feeling tired. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Miriah's iron intake by 1 mg/week and check her for signs and symptoms of iron deficiency. After a week of taking 6 mg of iron/day, she reported feeling like "her old self" and having plenty of energy. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Miriah's

body required 6 mg iron/day.

Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes

broccoli

A team of scientists extracts a chemical that they call "Zombia" from the leaves of a common house plant. One of the scientists would like to market Zombia as a dietary supplement because it makes people sleepy, when it's injected into them. Based on this information, Zombia

cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement.

For people who are over 4 years of age, the Daily Value for added sugars is 50 g/day. A serving of _____ would be a low source of added sugars.

cereal that contains 2.5 g of added sugars

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, _____ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible.

cholesterol

Kayla was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin C cures scurvy, the vitamin's deficiency disease. During the study, Kayla consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it didn't contain vitamin C. Within a few weeks, Kayla developed scurvy. At that point, researchers gave 2 mg vitamin C to Kayla each day for a week, but her signs and symptoms of scurvy remained. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Kayla's intake of the vitamin by 2 mg/week. After a week of taking 10 mg of vitamin C/day, Kayla reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Kayla's

requirement for vitamin C was 10 mg.

Ramon was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin D is required by healthy humans. During the study, Ramon consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain vitamin D. Within a few weeks, he developed signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. At that point, researchers gave 5 mcg vitamin D to Ramon each day for a week, but his signs and symptoms of the deficiency remained. The next week, the scientists added 5 mcg vitamin D to his diet, so that his formula contained 10 mcg of the vitamin. By the end of that week, Ramon reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Ramon's

requirement for vitamin D was 10 mcg.

When following recipes, Candice wants to use fats that are not solid fats. Which of the following fats should she use?

safflower oil

A team of scientists determines that 50% of healthy women who are between 19 and 30 years of age need 40 mg of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin's deficiency disorder. Based on this information, the

scientists can determine the RDA for the vitamin.

Some food guides classify dried beans and peas with

seeds and nuts.