Nutrition Chapter 6

The order and chemical properties of amino acids in protein determine its final shape because the folding of the chain occurs in response to forces that attract or repel amino acids from each other and water.

True

Two friends are choosing menu items based on the quality of the protein in the entrée selection. Friend A chooses brown, whole grain rice as the main component of his meal and Friend B chooses a brown rice stir fry that includes brown rice, egg, chicken and vegetables. Both friends eat the same distribution of amino acids from their meals. Which statement is correct about their protein selection?

Friend B is eating an incomplete protein (Brown rice) that is complemented with animal proteins to improve the quality of the protein.

Which statement is most accurate in regard to the composition of plant protein as compared to animal proteins?

Plant proteins provide most of the B vitamins, fiber, phytochemicals, and monounsaturated fat; animal proteins provide B vitamins, iron and zinc and saturated fat.

Which statement is correct for Michelle, a 5'7", 140 lb. professional body builder?

Michelle's protein needs are double any woman her size and weight and age.

Enzymes are proteins that need to have a shape consistent with the receptor in the reaction for which the enzyme is needed. If a protein enzyme is formed incorrectly, slightly altering its three-dimensional shape, what might happen?

The reaction where this enzyme is needed will not proceed efficiently.

Which of the following statements is correct?

The transcription of DNA occurs in the nucleus of cells.

If your diet is only deficient in lysine (lysine is the limiting amino acid), which of the following statements explains the likely change in the synthesis of the protein?

The transfer RNA will not have enough lysine for the translation of the messenger RNA so protein synthesis will be impaired.

Which statement is correct about vegetarian diets compared to animal-based diets?

Vegetarian diets may be lower in saturated fat and contain more fiber than animal based diets.

The body may use protein for energy when

a person eats too much protein

Pasta and meat are both sources of protein. How many slices of bread must you eat to equal the same amount of protein as you would find in a 3 oz portion of meat?

about 10 slices

Protein-energy malnutrition is more common in children than in adults because

children need more protein and energy per unit of body weight than adults.

Which of the following would help a vegan meet their nutrient needs?

drinking fortified soy milk in place of dairy products

Identify the shape of the components of an amino acid.

hydrogen, nitrogen (amino) group, acid group and a unique side chain

Current protein recommendations are based on

nitrogen balance studies

Which of the following is not an essential function of protein?

provide energy

The end products of digestion of carbohydrate, fat and protein are absorbed in the

small intestine

Chemical digestion of protein begins in the

stomach

Kwarshiorkor is an African word that means "the disease the first child gets when the second child is born". The disease is the result of low protein in the diet when

the mother weans the first child from the breast and the child's diet contains only plant protein and carbohydrate.

Essential amino acids are identified as such because

the side chain on these amino acids cannot be made by humans.

For some individuals, specific proteins in food can act as allergens triggering an immune response that can cause severe symptoms and even death.

true