Nutrition Dietary Supplements

Which of the following individuals would typically require multivitamin/mineral supplementation the LEAST

20-year-old male college student

Approximately what percentage of Americans takes dietary supplements?

50%

Which of the following is NOT true about the labeling of supplements

A cautionary statement must appear when there are known adverse effects

Which law expanded the FDA's authority to oversee new dietary ingredients?

Food Safety Modernization Act

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the regulation of dietary supplements

It is not uncommon for supplements to be contaminated with banned substances

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the quality of dietary supplements

Manufacturers often ignore FDA regulations

Which statement about botanical supplements is false?

Natural botanical supplements are nothing like prescription drugs.

Which statement regarding claims of supplement quality made on product labels is true?

Products with USP or NSF certification seals have been tested for quality and purity

Which of the following statements about the safety of dietary supplements is TRUE?

Supplements may provide dietary ingredients at levels that are toxic.

Which acronym may appear on a dietary supplement indicating that it has been certified by an independent laboratory to be pure and produced using good manufacturing processes

USP

Why might a vegan require dietary supplementation?

Vegans do not consume animal products such as dairy and meat

All of the following information would be found on a Supplement Facts Panel EXCEPT:

a health or structure/function claim.

Which of the following could be included on a label as a structure/function claim

antioxidants maintain cell integrity

Most individuals in the United States who take supplements:

are in good health.

A person allergic to milk would be advised to take which of the following supplements

calcium and vitamin D

When choosing a multivitamin supplement, individuals should:

choose supplements carefully to avoid interactions with prescription or over-the-counter drugs

Which of the following descriptions is LEAST consistent with a functional food?

foods that are naturally a good source of several vitamins and minerals

Which ingredient amount would NOT be shown on the Supplement Facts Panel?

gelatin

Which of the following is NOT a dietary ingredient

gelatin

Which of the following herbal supplements would NOT be recommended before surgery because of the potential for increased bleeding

ginkgo biloba

Which of the following IS a botanical ingredient but is NOT an herbal ingredient

green tea liquid extract

Which of the following foods would NOT be considered a functional food?

grilled chicken breast

Scientific evidence supports the use of the use of a multivitamin or multimineral supplement in all of the following situations EXCEPT:

healthy adults.

Which structure/function claim would be permissible by the FDA

helps maintain a healthy heart

Supplement manufacturers must report which of the following to the FDA?

illness, injury, or adverse reactions after consumers take the supplement

The disclaimer associated with structure/function claims informs consumers that the claim

is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

All of the following are required on supplement labels EXCEPT:

known adverse effects.

A structure/function claim

makes claims about the effect a product has on the body's structure or function.

Which of the following claims could NOT appear on a supplement label without FDA approval?

may reduce abnormally elevated blood sugar levels

Overall, the regulations around structure/function claims on dietary supplements on labels are

meant to protect customers but are often misleading and overstate a product's benefits

Which of the following is a botanical ingredient contained in a product labeled as a "Tomato Lycopene" supplement?

natural tomato extract

All of the following characteristics would be considered to be accepted composition of a functional food EXCEPT

naturally high in several vitamins and minerals.

Functional foods are also called:

nutraceuticals.

Which of the following foods IS a source of prebiotics

oatmeal

A disclaimer stating that the FDA has NOT evaluated statements made on the product label must be included on the label of:

only supplements that make structure/function claims.

Which type of claim can be used when emerging but limited evidence is available to support the relationship between a supplement ingredient and the reduced risk of a disease or condition?

qualified health claim

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a healthy population of gut bacteria

reduced incidence of diabetes

The FDA routinely monitors supplements for:

reports of adverse reactions

Dietary ingredients that may be present in a dietary supplement include all of the following EXCEPT:

stabilizers

All of the following are potential concerns regarding dietary supplements EXCEPT:

supplement labels are not required to list which ingredients the supplement contains.

All of the following statements are true of herbal supplements EXCEPT:

the term "natural" is regulated by the FDA when used on an herbal supplement.

All of the following are true of prebiotics EXCEPT

they are typically dietary proteins.

Who might benefit from an iron supplement?

vegans

An elderly female has osteoporosis. She is evaluating the labels of several different dietary supplements to help prevent further bone loss. Which supplement would be the best choice

vitamin D, 100% DV; vitamin K, 50% DV; calcium, 50% DV; magnesium, 20% DV; USP seal

All of the following foods are a source of prebiotics EXCEPT:

yogurt.