Nutrition EAQ

A nurse is educating a group of mothers about the nutritional needs of toddlers. Which of these statements made by a mother indicate the need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

1)"I need to give more than 24 ounces of milk per day."*** 2) "I should provide more calories from fats than proteins."*** 3)"I should refrain from giving grapes, nuts, and raw vegetables." 4)"I should give foods rich in calcium and phosphorus for healthy bone growth." 5)"I should try to give small, frequent meals consisting of breakfast, lunch, and dinner."

A nurse educates an obese adolescent about healthy dietary habits and risks associated with obesity. Which statements by the adolescent indicate the need for further counseling? Select all that apply.

1)"I should exercise regularly." 2)"I should play more outdoor games." 3)"I should watch more television to reduce the stress."*** 4)"I should add lots of vegetables to my diet." 5)"I should contact a surgeon about bariatric surgery."***

Which statement made by a diabetic client shows that dietary teaching by the nurse was effective?

1)"My diet should be rigidly controlled to avoid emergencies." 2)"My diet can be planned around a wide variety of commonly used foods."*** 3)"My diet is based on nutritional requirements that are the same for all people." 4)"My diet must not include eating any combination dishes and processed foods."

A client with hypertension is to follow a 2-gram sodium diet. Which client statement provides evidence that the nurse's dietary instructions are understood?

1)"My fluid intake should be restricted." 2)"I should limit the number of daily food servings." 3)"Cheese can be added to my luncheon meat sandwiches." 4)"Labels on prepackaged food products should be evaluated before purchase."******

A school-age child is mostly at home after school and gets engrossed in video games. Once a week, the child engages in swimming activity. The child's family also often orders fast food from restaurants. What does the nurse need to inform the parents about the child?

1)"The child is at risk for dental caries." 2)"The child needs more reading activity." 3)"The child is at risk for childhood obesity."*** 4"Fast food is not good for sports activity."

A primary healthcare provider prescribes a heart-healthy diet for a client with angina. The client's spouse says to the nurse, "I guess I'm going to have to cook two meals, one for my spouse and one for myself." Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

1)"The diet prescribed for your spouse is a healthy diet. It contains guidelines that many of us should follow."**** 2)"I wouldn't bother. For this diet all that you need to do is to reduce the amount of salt you use and fry foods in peanut oil." 3)"You're right. Be careful to cook a small portion for each of you to eat to not waste food." 4)"This is a difficult diet to follow. I recommend that you shop daily for food so there are no temptations in the kitchen."

5)A nurse is conducting cholesterol screening for a manufacturing corporation during a health fair. A 50-year-old man who is 6 feet (183 cm) tall and weighs 293 pounds (133 kg) puts out his cigarette and asks the nurse how to modify his risk factors for coronary artery disease. On which risk factors should the nurse help the client focus? Select all that apply.

1)Age 2)Height 3)Weight*** 4)Smoking*** 5)Family history

A hospitalized client receiving a diet that limits sodium to 2 g complains about the bland food and refuses to eat dinner. What is an appropriate nursing response?

1)Asking the client about what foods are eaten at home*** 2)Telling the client about several brands of low-sodium spices 3)Explaining to the client that the diet eventually will have to be accepted 4)Urging the client to eat to become accustomed to the diet that must be followed at home

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Crohn disease. What is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client?

1)Controlling constipation 2)Meeting nutritional needs**** 3)Preventing increased weakness 4)Anticipating a sexual alteration

The nurse understands that research demonstrates that malnutrition occurs in as many as 50% of hospitalized clients. The nurse should assess a postoperative client with anorexia for what sign of malnutrition?

1)Dependent edema 2)Spoon-shaped nails 3)Loose, decayed teeth4 4)Delayed wound healing****

A client with a recent colostomy expresses concern about the inability to control the passage of gas. What precaution should the nurse teach the client to take?

1)Eliminate foods high in cellulose 2)Decrease fluid intake at mealtimes 3)Avoid foods that in the past caused flatus**** 4)Adhere to a bland diet before social events

An obese adult develops an abscess after abdominal surgery. The wound is healing by secondary intention and requires repacking and redressing every 4 hours. Which diet should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe to best meet this client's immediate nutritional needs?

1)Low in fat and vitamin D 2)High in calories and fiber 3)Low in residue and bland 4)High in protein and vitamin C*****

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a gastric bypass to treat morbid obesity. Which diet should the nurse teach the client to maintain because it will help minimize clinical manifestations of dumping syndrome?

1)Low-residue, bland diet 2)Fluid intake below 500 mL 3)Small, frequent feeding schedule*** 4)Low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet

The nurse is caring for a client who recently was diagnosed with urinary phosphate calculi. What should the nurse plan to teach this client to include in the diet?

1)Pears*** 2)Hamburgers 3)Baked salmon4 4)Cheddar cheese

When caring for a client who adheres to a kosher diet, which important thing should the nurse make sure to exclude from the client's meals?

1)Pork and shellfish*** 2)Blood-containing food 3)All meat, fish, and poultry 4)Animal and dairy products during Lent

A client is experiencing an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. A low-residue, high-protein diet and IV fluids with vitamins have been prescribed. When implementing these prescriptions, which goal is the nurse trying to achieve?

1)Reduce gastric acidity 2)Reduce colonic irritation*** 3)Reduce intestinal absorption 4)Reduce bowel infection rate

A nurse is counseling a pregnant client who maintains a vegetarian diet. What should the nurse plan to do to ensure optimal nutrition during the pregnancy?

1)Refer the client to a dietitian to help plan her daily menu.*** 2)Encourage the client to join a group that teaches nutrition. 3)Explain that she needs to include meat in her diet at least once a day. 4)Advise the client that it is unhealthy to continue a vegetarian diet during pregnancy.

The nurse is conducting a nutrition class for a group of clients with heart failure (HF). Which information is most important for the nurse to share with the class?

1)Restricting fluid intake 2)Eating a low caloric diet to reduce weight 3)Recognizing which products are high in cholesterol 4)Choosing fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned ones***

What instructions should the nurse give to an overweight adolescent to help him or her lose weight? Select all that apply.

1)Skip breakfast. 2)Sleep for long hours to reduce stress. 3)Perform physical activities regularly.*** 4)Eat small frequent meals throughout the day.*** 5)Reduce the intake of sugar and sweetened beverages.***

As the nurse is teaching a child's parents about celiac disease, the mother sighs and says, "My neighbor told me that I'll only need to monitor the diet until our child is 8 years old. I'm so relieved. You know how kids are about eating!" On what fact should the nurse's response be based?

1)The basic defect of celiac disease is lifelong.*** 2)Susceptibility to celiac crisis lessens with age. 3)The diet is relatively easy to follow for a growing child. 4)The child will be able to tolerate small amounts of gluten by school age.