Nutrition Exam 1 Review

Choosing foods based on religious teachings is an example of _________ factors influencing eating habits. A. physiological B. biological C. cognitive D. Environmental

C. Cognitive.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Most dietary supplements have been thoroughly researched and critically evaluated by scientists. B. The EPA regulates the labeling of dietary supplements C. The FDA can recall a dietary supplement when there is evidence that is it harmful. D. Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed.

C. The FDA can recall a dietary supplement when there is evidence that it is harmful.

To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add __________ of a nutrient to its EAR. A. an AI amount B. 50 to 100 mg. C. a "margin of safety" amount D. The % DV amount

C. a "margin of safety" amount

Which of the following is a micronutrient? A. Protein B. Fat C. Glucose D. Iron

D. Iron

Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient-dense? A. Spinach B. Strawberries C. Raw apples D. Peanut butter

D. Peanut butter

True or False? The process of adding vitamins A and D to milk is called fortification

True

Joe's Estimated Energy Requirement is 2800 kcalories per day. According to the new 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, how many grams of added sugar can Joe include in his healthy, balanced, diet? A. 280 B. 70 C. 50 D. 31

B. 70

A diet that supplies adequate amounts of nutrients prevents A. storage of minerals in bone. B. Saturation of cells with nutrients. C. storage of fat-soluble vitamins in body fat. D. Nutrient-deficiency disorder

D. Nutrient-deficiency disorders.

Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the _______________ group. A. Dairy B. Fruits C. grains D. Protein

D. Protein

Which of the following lifestyle choices is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths in the United States? A. Eating fatty foods B. Exercising infrequently C. Consuming alcohol D. Smoking cigarettes

D. Smoking cigarettes

The lining of the small intestine is covered with ____________, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food. A. lacteals B. arteries C. neurons D. Villi

D. Villi

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the A. minimum amount of a nutrient that is safe to consume and cures the nutrient's deficiency disease. B. percentage of a nutrient standard that is used for food labeling purposes. C. Range of intake for a particular nutrient that is likely to cause toxicity or deficiency. D. amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.

D. amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.

Kristan uses % Dvs to help lan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients? A. sodium B. added sugars C. fat D. Fiber

D. fiber

According to the Latin American, Mediterranean, and Asian Diet Pyramids, people should eat small amounts of A. animal foods B. Vegetables C. unrefined grains D. fruits

A. Animal foods

Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market, all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health B. The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify dietary supplements as foods. C. A megadose is an amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient. D. Dietary supplements include fish oil, glucosamine, echinacea, and flaxseed oil.

A. In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market, all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health.

The ____________ is the third segment of the small intestine. A. ileum B. jejunum C. duodenum D. colon

A. ileum

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation? A. When members of a population consume fewer fruits and vegetables, their risk of high blood pressure increases. B. When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average. C. When a group of children increase their physical activity levels, the percentage of the children who contract cold infections decreases. D. When a population's intake of green tea increases, the percentage of lung cancer cases in that population decreases.

B. When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweight of their babies tend to be lower than average.

Parietal cell secrete ions that form _______________ in the stomach A. bile B. hydrochloric acid C. Salivary amylase D. Chyme

B. hydrochloric acid

The ______________ is the second segment of the small intestine A. colon B. jejunum C. ileum D. duodenum

B. jejunum

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system A. Brain B. Gallbladder C. Pancreas D. Liver

Brain

An essential nutrient A. is found only in foods from animal sources. B. Must be supplied by the diet C. is found only in fortified foods D. Provides energy (kcals) to the diet

B. Must be supplied by the diet

Which of the following statements is true? A. People who consume 90% of the RDA for iron regularly are likely to develop an iron deficiency. B. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement. C. People who consume less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient have a high risk of developing nutrient's toxicity disorder. D. Nutrition scientists have established RDAs for all essential nutrients.

B. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement.

To improve nutrition and weight status, a primary objective of Healthy People 2020 is to A. educate consumers on how to obtain nutrition information from reliable sources. B. Reduce child and adult consumption of calories from solid fats and added sugars. C. Reduce television advertisements for unhealthy food options. D. Increase the number of children and adults who receive annual influenza vaccinations.

B. Reduce child and adult consumption of calories from solid fats and added sugars.