Nutrition Exam 3

A client is concerned about her menopause symptoms. What supplements might the nurse suggest to ameliorate the symptoms? A. Green tea B. St. John's Wort C. Soy isoflavones D. Saw palmetto

C. Soy isoflavones

Which breakfast selection by a client with hypercholesterolemia indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is not needed? A. Orange juice, shredded wheat with low fat milk, strawberries, coffee B. Grapefruit juice, egg omelet, toast with margarine C. Tea, canned pineapple, vanilla whole milk yogurt, bagel with margarine D. Orange juice, bagel with strawberry cream cheese

A. Orange juice, shredded wheat with low fat milk, strawberries, coffee

The nurse knows that the client with type 2 diabetes mellitus understands teaching about carbohydrates in the diet when the client states: A. "I need to have about half of my daily calories come from carbohydrates." B. "I need to be on a low carbohydrate diet for the rest of my life." C. "I should substitute artificial sweeteners for natural sugar when baking." D. "I need to learn carbohydrate counting if I want to be successful with my diet."

A. "I need to have about half of my daily calories come from carbohydrates."

A client wants to know why tetracycline cannot be taken with milk. The nurse responds that: A. "The calcium in milk prevents the absorption fo tetracycline." B. "Milk increases the rate of absorption of the tetracycline." C. "Tetracycline inhibits the absorption of calcium in milk." D. "Milk and tetracycline and interact and frequently cause GERD."

A. "The calcium in milk prevents the absorption fo tetracycline."

A client expresses disappointment that bananas are limited as part of the diet pain for chronic renal failure. The nurse explains that: A. Bananas have a lot of potassium and that is a nutrient that must be limited in the diet B. The diet emphasizes high biologic value protein and bananas have a lot of carbohydrate C. Bananas have too little fiber for individuals with chronic renal failure D. Bananas frequently cause diarrhea and that contributes to excessive fluid loss

A. Bananas have a lot of potassium and that is a nutrient that must be limited in the diet

The nurse is teaching a client about retention of dumping syndrome. The client should be instructed to: A. Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day B. Increase consumption of dairy products C. Temporarily increase consumption of simple sugars D. Eat foods that are low in fiber

A. Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day

A client is taking an MAOI for depression. The nurse knows that teaching about the nutritional interactions has been effective when the client states that which of the following foods should not be eaten? A. Pepperoni pizza B. Fruit salad C. Salsa D. Tuna casserole

A. Pepperoni pizza

A client with chronic renal failure who has fluid restrictions expresses frustration with an extremely dry mouth. What can the nurse suggest for this client? A. Suck on a hard lemon candy B. Sip 1 ounce of water per hour C. Suck frozen cherries D. Avoid beverages with caffeine E. Chew gum

A. Suck on a hard lemon candy C. Suck frozen cherries E. Chew gum

A client with HIV takes multiple medications as part of the HAART protocol. The client now expresses great concern about the central fat accumulation from lipodystrophy that has developed and wants know what diet alterations can alleviate this problem. The nurse replies that: A. "Limiting intake of fats promotes weight loss and decrease in symptoms." B. "Dietary intervention has not been shown to significantly alter the fat distribution found in this condition." C. "Increase consumption of whole grains and fiber to speed cholesterol metabolism." D. "Take medications with meals."

B. "Dietary intervention has not been shown to significantly alter the fat distribution found in this condition."

Which of the following dietary instructions about fat intake are appropriate when teaching an adult client with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A. "Eat less than 10 games of fat per meal." B. "Eat foods with as little trans fat as possible." C. "You may eat any kind of fish several times per week." D. "Eggs should only be eaten twice per week."

B. "Eat foods with as little trans fat as possible."

As part of a teaching plan for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the nurse should stress that carbohydrate needs increase during which of the following situations? A. An upper respiratory infection B. Strenuous physical activity C. Studying for final exams D. Eating a large holiday meal

B. Strenuous physical activity

A client asks the nurse if becoming a vegetarian is the best way to lower an elevated cholesterol level. The nurse should respond that: A. "Yes, vegetarians always have low cholesterol because they do not eat meat." B. "No, there are many ways to lower the cholesterol level; a vegetarian diet is only one of them." C. "Yes, it is impossible for a vegetarian to have a elevated cholesterol." D. "No, consuming too little cholesterol can be harmful."

B. "No, there are many ways to lower the cholesterol level; a vegetarian diet is only one of them."

A client expresses concern about disclosing supplement use to the physician. What should the nurse say to the client? A. "It is important to have a trusting relationship with your physician, so disclose what you feel comfortable with at this visit and share more at the next visit." B. "Supplements can interact with prescription medications, so it is important that the physician know all supplements you are taking." C. "Only the supplements you take regularly need to be disclosed." D. "Because most physicians do not approve of clients taking supplements, I will enter them in the record so you do not have to discuss it with the physician."

B. "Supplements can interact with prescription medications, so it is important that the physician know all supplements you are taking."

Which of the following clients in the critical care unit would the nurse consider to be a greater risk for nutritional problems? A. A 32 year old painter who fractured a femur in two places after falling off a ladder and is 6 hours postoperative B. A middle age male with COPD who is admitted for an acute exacerbation of the disease C. A 46 year old obese female with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who is receiving heparin D. A 70 year old male who has a myocardial infarction (MI)

B. A middle age male with COPD who is admitted for an acute exacerbation of the disease

A middle age client with mildly elevated serum LDL cholesterol wants to use diet to lower his cholesterol level. The client asks the nurse about what foods, in addition to oatmeal, may help lower cholesterol. The nurse suggests which of the following? A. Whole wheat bread B. Apples C. Cabbage D. Corn

B. Apples

A client who is about to begin chemotherapy is concerned about developing nausea. What actions can the nurse suggest to the client to prevent nausea? A. Eat small, frequent meals B. Avoid foods that have a strong odor C. Thoroughly chew foods D. Eat only fresh fruits and vegetables

B. Avoid foods that have a strong odor

Which of the following diet instructions are appropriate when teaching a client in the early stages of chronic renal failure who is not receiving dialysis treatment? A. Increase fluid intake to flush the kidneys B. Dietary protein should come from high biologic value sources C. Only sodium found in foods can be consumed D. Vegetables may be eaten as desired

B. Dietary protein should come from high biologic value sources

An elderly client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has just been transferred to the nursing unit from critical care. What strategy can the nurse suggest to this client who experiences shortness of breath and fatigue during mealtimes? A. Eat a large, nutrient-dense breakfast because the client is rested B. Eat small, frequent meals to reduce the energy expended during a meal C. Increase the amount of simple carbohydrates in the diet to provide more energy D. Eat more protein to repair tissue damage

B. Eat small, frequent meals to reduce the energy expended during a meal

The nurse is working with a client who has dysphagia as a result of a stroke. Which of the following liquids would be easiest and safest for the client to swallow? A. Herbal tea B. Pear nectar C. Orange juice D. Commercial supplements, like Ensure

B. Pear nectar

A client has an absolute neutrophil count of 500/mm3. What dietary precautions are important for this client? A. Do not eat vegetables unless they have been frozen B. Thoroughly clean the cutting board between each food C. Drink only bottled juices D. Avoid foods that are high in fiber

B. Thoroughly clean the cutting board between each food

A child has been diagnosed with celiac disease. When teaching the family, what foods should the nurse be certain are eliminated from the diet plan? A. puffed rice cereal B. Whole wheat bread C. Peanuts D. Yogurt

B. Whole wheat bread

The nurse knows that teaching about dietary methods to prevent urinary tract infections has been effective when the client states: A. "I must drink 8 ounces of water every hour I am awake." B. "Avoid red meat as a source of protein." C. "A daily glass of cranberry juice may be beneficial." D. "Avoid carbonated beverages."

C. "A daily glass of cranberry juice may be beneficial."

How should the nurse respond to the family members who express concern that their father, who had major surgery 48 course ago and remains on a ventilator in a critical care unit, will " starve to death" if he does not get something to eat soon. The father has an estimated BMI of 26. A. "Your father is getting a sugar solution through the IV line, so he will not starve." B. "A person can go a whole week without eating and he will certainly be eating by that time; so we don't have any concerns yet." C. "His nutritional status is being evaluated on a daily basis and he may be started on a n alternate type of feeding very soon." D. "He has more than adequate stores of fat and protein to meet his nutritional needs while in critical care; he will gets meals when he is transferred out of the unit."

C. "His nutritional status is being evaluated on a daily basis and he may be started on a n alternate type of feeding very soon."

A client wants to use only herbal supplements as a natural means to improve health. How should the nurse respond? A. "Herbal supplements rarely have side effects, so it is a safe practice." B. "Herbs can be very expensive, so choose them carefully." C. "It is important to discuss this issue with your health care provider." D. "How will you know which one to take?"

C. "It is important to discuss this issue with your health care provider."

An elderly client asks the nurse how much of a garlic supplement should be taken to lower the cholesterol level? What response should the nurse make? A. "One low dose capsule a day will be sufficient." B. " Eat only fresh garlic, not capsules." C. "Research has not determined the best dose." D. "Avoid garlic supplements that have not been approved by the FDA."

C. "Research has not determined the best dose."

A client has been admitted to the hospital with acute diverticulitis. The nurse expects that the first diet ordered for the client will be: A. Gluten free B. high fiber C. Clear liquid D. Low fat

C. Clear liquid

An elderly client is immunocompromised following chemotherapy. What interventions should be part of the care plan for this client? A. Order pureed foods to make swallowing easier B. Offer a small glass of water every 2 hours to treat dehydration C. Ensure that all hot foods are thoroughly cooked to reduce bacteria D. Limit intake of sugar-sweetened beverages to maintain blood glucose

C. Ensure that all hot foods are thoroughly cooked to reduce bacteria

What is the best way for the nurse to determine the nutritional status of a client with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)? A. Serum albumin level B. Vital signs C. Serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and liver function tests D. Age and chronic health conditions

C. Serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and liver function tests

A client who is planning a low fat, low cholesterol, low sodium diet wants know if it possible to have desserts. The nurse responds with which of the following suggestions? A. Ice cream with fresh strawberries B. Two small chocolate chip cookies C. Three gingersnap cookies D. Lemon meringue pie

C. Three gingersnap cookies

A client who has received chemotherapy is experiencing dysgeusia. What suggestions could the nurse make to deal with this condition? A. Avoid spices and salt B. Consume liberal amounts of carbonated beverages C. Take an antiemetic before eating D. Use glass or ceramic cookware

D. Use glass or ceramic cookware

A middle age client with a BMI of 31 was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes that dietary teaching has been effective when the client states: A. "If I lose 25 pounds, my diabetes will not be as serious." B. "If I lose 25 pounds, then I will not have to take any more medication to control my diabetes." C. "I can eat everything I like as long as I eat smaller portions." D. "I need to follow the meal plan for diabetes from the dietitian"

D. "I need to follow the meal plan for diabetes from the dietitian"

How should the nurse respond to the client who states that a supplement is safe because it was purchased at a reputable health food store? A. "A reputable health food store stocks only high-quality products; you have made a good decision." B. "The FDA is responsible for safety of supplements, so if 'FDA' is on the label you can be sure it is safe." C. "It is better to purchase supplements directly from a supplier to ensure safety." D. "The safety or quality of ingredients in supplements often cannot be determined when reading a label."

D. "The safety or quality of ingredients in supplements often cannot be determined when reading a label."

The nurse is preparing to teach the mother of a school age child who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The focus of the initial teaching session should be: A. Weight control B. Explaining why the child developed type 2 diabetes mellitus C. Developing a culturally acceptable meal plan D. Assessing the mother's understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus

D. Assessing the mother's understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus

The nurse is caring for a client who has a liver transplant 2 days ago and continues on mechanical ventilation. What can the nurse expect will be implemented to meet the client's nutritional needs? A. Daily liver function tests B. A high protein, low fat diet will be ordered C. Parenteral feeding only D. Enteral feeding will be initiated

D. Enteral feeding will be initiated

A client with renal stones tells the nurse about taking a daily vitamin C supplement. What should the nurse tell this client about vitamin C supplements? A. Increase fluid intake to flush any vitamin C residue from the bladder B. Stop taking vitamin C supplements immediately C. Increase vitamin C intake to prevent future stone formation D. Limit vitamin C because it may contribute to formation of calcium oxalate stones

D. Limit vitamin C because it may contribute to formation of calcium oxalate stones

Which of the following would be a good snack for the client with hepatitis? A. Banana B. Jello and sugar cookie C. Carrots and broccoli with cream cheese dip D. Omelet

D. Omelet

The nurse knows that teaching about a low sodium diet has been effective when a client states which of that following food choices would be good to take to work for lunch? A. Salami sandwich with whole wheat bread B. Ham salad with low sodium crackers C. Shrimp with lettuce and low fat French dressing D. Roast turkey sandwich on white bread

D. Roast turkey sandwich on white bread

A client is taking warfarin for a coagulation disorder. The nurse knows that teaching about nutritional interactions has been effective when the client states that which of the following foods should be monitored? A. Citrus fruits B. Pork products C. Oatmeal D. Spinach salad

D. Spinach salad