Nutrition Exam 4

Eliminating all exercise

After recovering from a lengthy illness, Simone has been trying to regain the weight she loss while she was sick. It seems easy enough to load up on doughnuts and French Fires, but Simone would prefer to return to her normal weight in a healthy way. All of the following strategies would help Simone reach her goal except...

Eating

All of the following activities are considered part of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) except...

It is the most common mineral in the body

All of the following are correct about phosphorus except...

Grazing

All of the following are essential strategies for maintaining weight loss except...

Potassium

All of the following are trace minerals except

Most Americans get plenty of the calcium needed daily

All of the following are true about calcium except:

LPL stimulates lipolysis in men and lipogenesis in women

All of the following are true about the gender differences in LPL activity except...

Vitamin C

All of the following decreases iron absorption except...

Basal metabolism

All of the following influence adaptive thermogenesis except...

They can be destroyed by cooking

All of the following statements are true of trace minerals except...

Storing large amounts of iron is beneficial for the body and reduces the risk of infections.

All of the following statements regarding iron are true except...

Iodine

All of the following trace minerals are integral to the structure of metalloenzymes except...

Fluoride

Along with calcium and Vitamin D, ___ may increase bone density and reduce osteoporosis....

3,500

Approximately how many excess kilocalories are required to gain 1 pound of body weight?

12 percent for women; 3 percent for men

Approximately what percentage of the body is made up of essential fat?

20s-30s

At what age does peak bone mass usually occur?

Vital functions

Basal metabolism is the energy required to fuel the body's

Anemia

Being underweight is associated with which of the following health risks?

Consider eating a large salad before eating the hamburger.

Ben is in the mood for a hamburger and fries from his favorite fast-food joint for lunch. He feels guilty because he knows that he has to watch his weight, yet he is hungry. What would be a good strategy for Ben to adopt?

they look smaller

Describe what the rbc look like.

Sulfate sensitivity

Drinking wine can cause hives and threat swelling for people who have...

Body posture

Estimated energy requirement is based on all of the following except...

Body weight is your height related to your weight. Body compostition is lean body mass compared to you fat tissue

Explain the difference between body weight and body composition.

Providing energy

Functions of trace minerals include all of the following except...

Does not increase the risk of developing weight-related health problems or diseases

Healthy weight can be defined as a body weight that...

30 billion to 50 billion

How many adipocytes does the averages person have?

100

How many ecess kilocalories per day are required for an average individual to gain about 10 pounds in one year?

Brain

Hunger and satiation are controlled by the

Hyperchloremia

In rare cases, athletes who become extremely dehydrated may experience...

Biking or walking for 90 minutes a day

In six months, Max has lost 20 pounds (10 percent of his body weight.) which of the following habits would be most likely to prevent a decline in basal metabolism as he tries to maintain this healthy weight loss?

Fat

Lean body mass includes all of the following except...

Lose 21 pounds (10 percent of body weight)

Linda weighs 210 pounds. She is currently considering a weight-loss regimen. What would be considered a responsible goal for Linda over the next six months?

1. Helps with immune system

List all four roles of Iron in the human body. Bonus for any corresct answers above four.

1. Increase intake of fruits, vegetables, and fiber 2.Add protein and fat 3.watch kilocalorie intake 4. exercise for 60-90 minutes 5. Strive to lose weight at a reasonable rate 6. Maintain weight loss by remembering to keep doing steps 1-4

List four strategies that can be adopted for successful weight loss.

Second

Phosphorus is the ___ most abundant mineral in the body

1. Chromium (most recent discovery): Helps prevent metabolic syndrome 2. Zinc: helps prevent Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Provide two examples involving trace minerals that demonstrate progress in public health. What condition or disease does each advancement in public health prevent?

It reduces the number of adipocytes.

Regular daily exercise contributes in weight loss in all of the following ways except...

Motionless after 3- to 4-hour fast.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is a measurement of energy expenditure when the body is

Bulimia nervosa

Sarah and Patti, both middle school students, have been close friends since childhood. Lately Sarah has noticed some changes in Patti's behavior......insert really long paragraph for no reason... what eating disorder matches Patti's symptoms?

Diabetes

Some research studies suggest that chromium may play a role in decreasing the risk of developing

Preservatives

Sulfur-based substances are used as...

Zinc

Taste and smell perception are associated with which mineral?

Kilocalories consumed equals kilocalories expended by BMR and physical activity.

The body reaches a state of energy balance when...

calcium and phosphorus

The main minerals found in hydroxyapatite are...

Chloride

The major component (by weight) of table salt is...

Iron

The most abundant trace mineral in the body is...

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

The most accurate way to measure bone mineral density is through...

Body composition

The ratio of fat tissue to lean body mass is referred to as...

fatigue, irritability

What are the symptoms?

It participates in digestion

What is a key function of chloride?

The lack of iron in your blood

What is iron-deficiency anemia?

The gap related to the energy needed to function before you loss weight and after.

What is the energy gap?

60-90 minutes daily

What is the recommendation for moderate physical activity to maintain weight loss?

Iron supplements

What is the treatment?

Intense fear of becoming overweight

Which causes those who suffer from anorexia nervosa to control their food intake?

Potassium

Which mineral does sodium work with to help transmit nerve impulses that signal muscles to contract?

Magnesium

Which mineral has a cathartic effect and is often found in laxatives?

Sulfate

Which mineral is a component of keratin found in hair, skin, and nails?

The biggest issue Americans have with sodium is underconsumption

Which of the filling is false about sodium?

Environmental temperature

Which of the following does NOT affect the absorption of iron?

Phytates found in grain

Which of the following factors can decrease bioavailability of a mineral?

Vitamin D

Which of the following increases the absorption of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium?

Increased availability of fruits and vegetables throughout the year

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases the risk of obesity?

May improve blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic function of copper?

A state of satiation

Which of the following is NOT a situation in which ghrelin levels are high?

Preference for sweet foods

Which of the following is NOT a warning sign of an eating disorder?

Potassium

Which of the following is a major cation that acts as a blood buffer?

Iron

Which of the following is a trace mineral?

1,800 kcal intake; TDEE of 2,500 kcal

Which of the following is an example of negative energy balance?

They are destroyed by heat

Which of the following is false about minerals?

The most abundant major mineral in the body is magnesium

Which of the following is false about the major minerals?

Magnesium

Which of the following is inorganic?

Hamburger

Which of the following is the best source of bio available iron?

Having a commitment to adopting healthy diet and lifestyle habits and maintaining them over time

Which of the following is the key to successful weight loss?

Waist circumference

Which of the following measurements provides the best assessment of health risk?

Intake is greater than energy expenditure?

Which of the following statements is true about positive energy balance?

Iron

Which of the following trace minerals has an adult RDA that is higher for women than for men?

Iodide

Which of the following trace minerals is trapped by the thyroid gland and used to make the hormone thyroxine (T4) which can be converted to triiodothyronine (T3)?

Ferroportin

Which of the following transports iron across the intestinal wall into the portal vein?

Appetite

___ can be triggered by learned behavior and emotions such as anxiety and stress.

Protein

___ is the most satiating of all nutrients and has been shown to reduce food intake.