nutrition final

Jennifer has lost weight by following a well-balanced calorie-reduced weight-loss diet plan that includes daily exercise for several months. Recently her rate of weight loss has slowed, and this week, she lost no weight, even though she has continued to follow the weight-loss plan. Based on this information, she .

) reached a "plateau" because she's in energy equilibrium

- Only monosccarides can be absorbed. -B vitamins function typically as _____. -Potassium, folate and vitamin C are typically found in what food types? ____&____. -The difference between nutrient dense and energy dense. -The best source of credible information

- coenzymes -fruit and veggies -Nutrient dense means a lot of nutrients. -energy dense means energy is getting more energy then nutrients. -peer review journals.

Which of the following person is in a state of positive energy balance?

25 year old who is six months pregnant

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that the chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s) of fat or less per serving.

3

According to national surveys, the percentage of obese American adults increased by almost ____ % between 1988-1994 and 2011-2012.

50

Which of the following compounds enters the citric acid cycle?

Acetyl CoA

which of the following is the most important risk factor for the development of type II diabetes?

Being over weight or obese

Which of the following body fat assessment techniques relies on the principle that water and electrolytes conduct electricity?

Bioelectrical impedance

___________ is a condition characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the liver leading to its irreversible damage.

Cirrhosis of the liver

The toxin produced by _____ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing, and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

Which of the following statements is true? A) A man is obese when his percentage of body fat reaches 15% B) An obese person with a BMI of 32 has more healthy fat tissue than an obese person with a BMI of 30. C) A healthy person has a percentage of body fat that is between 1 and 9% D) A person who has a BMI of 26.2 can have more muscle and bone tissue than another person who has the same BMI

D) A person who has a BMI of 26.2 can have more muscle and bone tissue than another person who has the same BMI

To reduce the risk of food-borne illness, which of these guidelines should you follow?

Do not buy dented cans

Karen has type 2 diabetes and has been complaining that her breath has a fruity smell. Based on your knowledge about macromolecule metabolism, what will be the best explanation of her actual situation?

Due to her hyperglycemia, the process of ketosis is occurring, and the fatty acids are breaking down to form ketone bodies responsible for the fruity smell.

Three days after eating an undercooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Based on this information, which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious illness?

E. coli O157:H7

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to

Eat breakfast daily

Which of the following dietary patterns best supports sustainable agriculture?

Eating mostly plant based diet of mostly local produced foods.

Which of the following chemical pathways of glucose catabolism produces the highest amount of ATP molecules?

Electron Transport chain

Lipogenesis uses the same enzymes and metabolic pathways as beta oxidation.

False

Gloria's BMI is 32.4; her waist circumference is 38 inches and her hip circumference is 37 inches. According to this information, she .

Has a "pear shaped body"

Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach?

Hydrochloric acid

Which of the following measurement techniques is a convenient, practical, and inexpensive way to determine if a person has an unhealthy distribution of body fat?

Measuring persons waist circumference

Grace recently took a cruise on board a luxury liner. A few days into her vacation, she developed signs of --- infection, the most common food borne illness in the United States.

Norovirus

Which of the following food ingredients should you try to completely avoid in your diet, in fact FDA recently removed its GRA Status

Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil

Which of the following statements is true? The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake. A group of scientists at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics developed the DRIs. Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the nutrient needs of 50% of healthy people. Nutrient requirements are the same, regardless of a person's age or sex.

The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.

Which of the following statements is true? The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine. The esophagus is the muscular valve that connects the stomach to the small intestine. The colon is the major site of nutrient absorption in the human digestive system. Lean people have a higher risk of gallstones than fat people.

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.

The nutrition Facts panel of a food lists the following information: The food provides 80 kcalories in one serving including 4g of fat (0g trans fat, 1.5g saturated fat) and 11g of carbohydrates (1 g fiber, 6 g sugar) and 1 g protein. Ingredients: whole grain rolled oats, honey partially hydrogenated soybean oil, rice flour, high maltose corn syrup, cocoa, baking soda. what can you conclude from this information?

This product contains trans fat

Which of the following is not a water-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin A

Esther would like to gain weight, but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practices or eating disorder, her BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in 1 year. According to this information, Esther's physician will need to .

determine whether Esther has cancer or another chronic disease

A carbohydrate molecule and lipid molecule, having each the same number of carbon atoms, produce the same number of ATP molecules after their complete combustion.

false

Direct calorimetry measures a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

false

Inside our cells, the Acetyl CoA can be converted into pyruvate.

false

Water-soluble vitamins are stored inside our body and do not need to be ingested daily.

false

Which of the following is the strongest risk factor for an individual becoming overweight or obese in their lifetime?

having biological parent who is obese

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ____________.

heat to kill pathogens

The body uses cholesterol to make _____.

hormones

Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he _____.

overeating during meals

Paul just had a cholecystectomy; which of the following dietary modifications does he need to implement?

reduce lipid intake

To gain weight, underweight adults should increase their consumption of all of the following foods EXCEPT .

soft drinks

If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately 44 g.

true

Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch.

true

Ashley's BMI is 16.8. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.

underweight

Which of the following foods is not a good source of thiamin?

who milk

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he _____.

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables