Nutrition Module 11

Which of the following would not be part of a successful program of weight gain in an underweight individual?

Eat a large number of small meals

Of the following, which is not among the recommended strategies for weight gain in an underweight person?

Forced awakening during the night for supplemental meals and snacks

Which of the following is a feature of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme?

Its activities in men and women are sex-related and explain the differences in major fat storage regions of the body.

As a new assistant in a weight loss research laboratory, you are given a tour of the mouse laboratory. Why is the leptin-deficient mouse much larger than its leptin-sufficient counterpart?

Leptin deficiency enhances appetite and decreases energy expenditure

What is the best approach to weight loss?

Reduce daily energy intake and increase energy expenditure

Which of the following is the most likely explanation that environment must play a role in obesity?

The rate of obesity has been rising while the gene pool has remained relatively constant

Jody is taking HUN2002, a nutrition class, and has been assigned to evaluate a popular diet plan. She finds a description of a plan for her assignment in a magazine at the grocery store. Which of the following statements in the magazine would suggest that this plan is an unsound, fad diet?

"Once you complete this 6-month plan, you'll never have to diet again."

What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?

.5-2 lbs per week

Approximately how many kcalories are expended per kilogram body weight when walking a mile at a moderate pace?

1

As a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight?

1200

The classification of underweight is defined when the BMI first drops below

18.5

A person who weighs, 150 lbs. and walks at a pace of 3 miles/hr expends about how many kcalories in that hour?

270

A typical person who burns 200 kcalories during a 2-mile run would, in the postexercise period, burn an additional

30 kcals

Approximately what percentage of U.S. adults are classified as underweight?

5

In a weight reduction regimen, the most realistic time frame for losing 10% of initial body weight is...

6 months

To help prevent body fat gain, the DRI suggests daily, moderately intense, physical activities totaling

60 minutes

At any given time, what percentage of all U.S. women are attempting to lose weight

60%

Which of the following describes a relationship between the leptin and energy balance?

Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat

All of the following are associations between the environment and food intake except

distractions generally appear to reduce food intake

All of the following are sensible guidelines for diet plans except:

eat rapidly to avoid prolonged contact with food

Which of the following is a feature of energy metabolism in formerly obese people who have lost weight?

energy requirements are lower than expected for their current body weight

What is the principal reason that appetitie is turned off immediately after a person finishes an intense workout?

glucose and fatty acids are still abundant in the blood

What is the chief factor that determines a person's susceptibility to obesity?

herediey

Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed...

hypertrophic obesity

On which organ or tissue does leptin primarily act?

hypothalamus

What is the primary reason that laxatives are generally not effective agents for losing weight?

they act on the large intestine rather than the small intestine

Fad diets often produce weight loss, at least initially, because

they are designed to limit energy intake around 1200 kcal/day

Which of the following describes a connection between physical activity and energy expenditure?

walking a mile uses about the same energy as running a mile

Hyperplastic obesity is related to a(n)

increase in the number of fat cells

What is the significance of the uncoupling proteins in adipose tissue?

increased loss of body heat

Which of the following is known to cause a reduction in fat cell number in mice?

injection of leptin

What is the primary action of orlistat, a weight loss drug?

it inhibits pancreatic lipase

Which of the following is a feature of leptin?

it is a satiety signal

Which of the following is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes?

lipoprotein lipase

Adverse effects on organs such as the liver from the presence of excess body fat is known as

lipotoxicity

All of the following are characteristics of the results of weight loss surgery except

medical supervision in the postsurgery period is required only for the first 6-9 months

Clinically severe obesity is also known as

morbid obesity

Over-the-counter products labeled as "dieter's tea" are reported to lead to

nausea and diarrhea

All of the following are features of the role of food accessibility on food intake except

people at home would rather travel to the store to obtain new food than eat the leftovers

Which of the following defines the body's set point?

point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight

Because obesity apparently has many causes, even in an individual, the best approach seems to be

prevention

When consumed in high doses, which of the following is associated with modest weight loss in people?

pyruvate

All of the following are characteristics of food portion sizes except

reducing portion sizes has a bigger impact than reducing energy density as a means of lowering total energy intake

What serves as the body's chief storage site for lipid?

white adipose tissue

Which of the following would be most effective at lowering energy intake in a person on a weight reduction program?

select less energy-dense foods

The prescription drug sibutramine acts by regulating the utilization of

serotonin

Your patient, Mr. Ivegottoloseweight, has a BMI of 43 and is taking drugs to lose weight. He has heard that some drugs cause lots of gastrointestional discomfort and would prefer to take one that doesn't give him any of these side effects. Which of the following should be prescribed for Mr. Ivegottoloseweight?

sibutramine

All of the following describe the behavior of fat cells except

the number decreases when fat is lost from the body.

What is the principle reason that the FDA has banned the sale of products containing ephedrine?

the products were implicated in several cases of heart attacks and seizures

In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following except

adipocyte number

Which of the following is a feature of the body's responses to engaging in physical activity?

after an intense and vigorous workout, basal metabolism remains elevated for several hours

Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower

basal metabolic rate

Fraudulent weight reduction literature refers to visually apparent, lumpy forms of body fat as

cellulite

What is the chief reason that health-care professionals advise people to engage only in low-to-moderate intensity activities for prolonged duration rather than more intense, shorter routines?

compliance is better

A popular eating plan that promises quick weight loss is known as a(n)

fad diet

All of the following are hormones that promote satiety except

ghrelin

What is the classification of a person who is 6 feet 4 inches tall and 202 lbs?

healthy weight

All of the following are behavior modifications for losing weight except

taking smaller portions of food but always eating everything on the plate quickly