Nutrition NCLEX

The nurse is providing instruction to a patient with a gastric ulcer. The patient is being treated with antacids, Famotidine, and a bland diet. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following? Select all that apply a. Avoid aspirin and ibuprofen b. Discontinue the medication when symptoms resolve c. Eat three meals a day with all the major food groups d. Limit caffeine intake.

a. Avoid aspirin and ibuprofen and d. Limit caffeine intake.

Toddlers are often known to be finicky eaters and may exhibit abnormal eating patterns that may concern parents. Which of the following actions for feeding toddlers should be suggested so adequate amounts of nutrients for growth and development are consumed? (Select all that apply) a. Avoid placing large amounts of food portions on the toddlers plate. b. Allow the child to graze on nutritious (not "junk" food) snacks during the day c. Insist that the child sit at the table until all persons have completed their meals. d. Allow the child to make certain food choices (with reasonable limits)- for example, would you like a half peanut butter or ham sandwich? e. Provide meals at the same time of day as much as possible so the toddler has a sense of consistency f. Make the child eat all of the food provided, and provide disciplinary actions such as a "time out" if the plate is not cleaned

a. Avoid placing large amounts of food portions on the toddlers plate. b. Allow the child to graze on nutritious (not "junk" food) snacks during the day d. Allow the child to make certain food choices (with reasonable limits)- for example, would you like a half peanut butter or ham sandwich? & e. Provide meals at the same time of day as much as possible so the toddler has a sense of consistency

The nurse assists a client with a serum potassium of 3.2 mEq/L to make which of the following menu selections? Select all that apply. a. Baked cod b. Ham and cheese omelet c. Fried eggs d. Baked potato e. Spinach

a. Baked cod, d. Baked potato, & e. Spinach

5. The patient has understood teaching about soluble fibers when he selects which of the following: Select all that apply a. Barley b. Cereal grains c. Cornmeal d. Oats

a. Barley, b. Cereal grains, c. Cornmeal, and d. Oats

Which foods should the nurse encourage a client with diverticulosis to incorporate into the diet? Select all that apply. a. Bran cereal b. Broccoli c. Tomato juice d. Navy beans e. Cheese

a. Bran cereal, b. Broccoli, and d. Navy beans

A nurse is teaching a patient with nephrotic syndrome about nutritional needs. The patient should receive a majority of their daily calories from: a. Carbohydrates b. Proteins c. High-fat foods d. Red meats

a. Carbohydrates

What will the nurse teach the client with diabetes regarding exercise in his or her treatment program? a. During exercise the body will use carbohydrates for energy production, which in turn will decrease the need for insulin. b. With an increase in activity, the body will use more carbohydrates; therefore more insulin will be required. c. The increase in activity results in an increase in the use of insulin; therefore the client should decrease his or her carbohydrate intake. d. Exercise will improve pancreatic circulation and stimulate the islets of Langerhans to increase the production of intrinsic insulin.

a. During exercise the body will use carbohydrates for energy production, which in turn will decrease the need for insulin.

A nurse is providing teaching about food safety. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply) a. Food storage guidelines b. Food hygiene guidelines c. What type of fridge to buy d. How to make a salad e. Foodborne illnesses

a. Food storage guidelines, b. Food hygiene guidelines, and e. Foodborne illnesses

An older patient asks a nurse to recommend strategies to prevent constipation. Which of the following suggestions would be helpful? Select all that apply. a. Get moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. b. Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day. c. Eat a diet high in fiber. d. Take a mild laxative if you do not have a bowel movement every day.

a. Get moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. b. Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day. & c. Eat a diet high in fiber.

A newly hired nurse is caring for a client who reports occasionally avoiding food because it hurts to chew. The client reports eating less than 70% of his serving. Which of the following is chosen by the nurse as the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? a. Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements r/t impaired dentition b. Anxiety r/t to dental caries c. Ineffective tissue perfusion related to poor dentition e. Risk for suicide

a. Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements r/t impaired dentition

A nurse is educating a client who has sun sensitive lesions about the what foods are high in vitamin B3. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? a. Livers b. Milk c. Fresh fruits d. Tomatoes

a. Livers

The client is receiving fluid replacement. The nurse's health teaching with this client includes which suggestions? (Select all that apply) a. Measure weight daily b. Know that thirst means a mild fluid deficit c. Monitor fluid intake d. Avoid the use of calcium supplements

a. Measure weight daily, b. Know that thirst means a mild fluid deficit, and c. Monitor fluid intake

A nurse is teaching a client who has cancer about appropriate food choices. The nurse determines that the client understands the information when she chooses which of the following snacks? (Select all that apply.) a. Peanut butter sandwich on whole wheat bread with 2% milk b. Popcorn with soda c. Yogurt topped with granola and a banana d. Meat lasagna with buttered garlic bread e. Plain baked potato

a. Peanut butter sandwich on whole wheat bread with 2% milk c. Yogurt topped with granola and a banana & d. Meat lasagna with buttered garlic bread

A nurse is caring for a client at higher risk for nutritional deficiency due to low social economic status. Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse to include in client's care plan? (Select all that apply) a. Referring the client to a dietitian b. Educating the client on reading food labels c. Encouraging the client to eat out because it is cheaper d. Encouraging the client to buy frozen fruits and vegetables

a. Referring the client to a dietitian b. Educating the client on reading food labels & d. Encouraging the client to buy frozen fruits and vegetables

This meal is an excellent choice for a pregnant adolescent: a. Spinach, beef liver, and fruit salad b. Cheeseburger, tomato slices, and french fries c. Meatloaf, fruit wedges, and corn d. Macaroni and cheese, lettuce salad, and corn

a. Spinach, beef liver, and fruit salad

The nurse is teaching the client and family about total parenteral nutrition (TPN) that the client is receiving. The nurse would include which of the following information? Select all that apply. a. TPN is administered through a large central blood vessel. b. The solution contains sugar, proteins, and fat for increased calories. c. The client may experience constipation. d. Tests to monitor blood and urine glucose levels will be done. e. The client will need insulin to prevent diabetes.

a. TPN is administered through a large central blood vessel. b. The solution contains sugar, proteins, and fat for increased calories. & d. Tests to monitor blood and urine glucose levels will be done.

A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about medication compatibility with TPN. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate? a. "Use the Y-port on the TPN IV tubing to administer antibiotics." b. "Regular insulin may be added to the TPN solution." c. "Administer heparin through a port on the TPN tubing." d. "Administer vitamin K IV bolus via a Y-port on the TPN tubing."

b. "Regular insulin may be added to the TPN solution."

The elderly client has constipation. He asks the nurse the reason for this. What is the best response by the nurse? a. "You probably drink too much alcohol, and end up constipated." b. "You don't eat enough fiber, so the stool stays in your intestine too long." c. "Your large intestine is old and doesn't work as well as it used to." d. "You could have a serious illness, and should check with your doctor."

b. "You don't eat enough fiber, so the stool stays in your intestine too long."

When working with an elderly client who requires an increased consumption of complete protein, the nurse recommends which of the following? a. Legumes b. 2% Milk c. Iron-fortified cereal d. Whole grain bread

b. 2% Milk

A 17 year old football player asks the nurse if he should take a nutritional supplement. The nurse states: a. Creatine may help increase performance in sports activities. b. A balanced diet with adequate carbohydrates, fats, and proteins will help with sports performance c. The diet should increase protein to help with sports performance. d. A high protein diet and mineral supplements will help with sports performance.

b. A balanced diet with adequate carbohydrates, fats, and proteins will help with sports performance

The nurse has identified the nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to altered taste sensation in a patient with lung cancer who has had a 10% loss in weight. An appropriate nursing intervention that addresses the etiology of this problem is to a. Provide foods that are highly spiced to stimulate the taste buds. b. Avoid presenting foods for which the patient has a strong dislike. c. Add strained baby meats to foods such as soups and casseroles. d. Teach the patient to eat whatever is nutrition since food is tasteless.

b. Avoid presenting foods for which the patient has a strong dislike.

A school nurse in a high school is reviewing the nutritional needs of adolescents. The nurse is aware that in this age group: a. Vitamin A needs are increased b. Calcium needs are increased c. Vitamin B needs are increased d. Energy and calorie needs are decreased

b. Calcium needs are increased

A cancer client is having trouble eating and has not kept up with the prescribed diet for a week. The nurse wants to help the client increase quantity and quality of eating. Which strategy would be most beneficial for the nurse to use to help the client improve eating habits? a. Attempt to convince the client to eat later at night, since appetites of cancer clients are typically heightened at night. b. Encourage the client to eat foods they enjoy, and attempt to get their family and friends to bring some of those foods to them c. Offer food to the client directly after treatment as a mood-enhancer d. Remind the client of their need to eat, since they may be focused on other things too often

b. Encourage the client to eat foods they enjoy, and attempt to get their family and friends to bring some of those foods to them

A nurse is talking with a client who reports constipation. When the nurse discusses dietary changes that can help prevent constipation, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? a. Macaroni and cheese b. Fresh fruit and whole wheat toast c. Rice pudding and ripe bananas d. Roast chicken and white rice

b. Fresh fruit and whole wheat toast

Mrs. C comes to the clinic with her baby would eats nothing but fruit snacks; she is concerned about his diet and potential complications. What patient teaching is necessary? a. There's nothing to be taught, give him as much fruit snacks as he wants. b. Teach about increasing fiber and water in the diet to prevent constipation. c. Teach about breastfeeding. d. Give the baby carrot sticks.

b. Teach about increasing fiber and water in the diet to prevent constipation.

A nurse working in the prenatal clinic is evaluating the nutritional status of four adolescents. Which adolescent has a nutrition risk factor? Select all that apply. a. The adolescent of normal height and weight b. The adolescent that smokes c. The adolescent who is diabetic d. The adolescent who is 10 pounds underweight

b. The adolescent that smokes c. The adolescent who is diabetic & d. The adolescent who is 10 pounds underweight

A patient who was placed on a diet to increase her fiber intake comes back into the clinic two weeks later stating "I'm so bloated and my stomach hurts" as she is pointing to her abdomen. Using your critical thinking what could have occurred with this patient? a. She is not consuming enough fiber b. These symptoms are common in patients who increase their fiber intake too rapidly. c. This is a new problem unrelated to the new fiber diet. d. This patient just complains too much and there is nothing wrong with her.

b. These symptoms are common in patients who increase their fiber intake too rapidly.

What is the major function of lipids? a. To break down fat b. To provide enegery c. To help lose weight d. To increase cholesterol

b. To provide enegery

Which patient is at greatest risk for diarrhea? a. A pregnant 23 year old b. A middle aged man with diabetes c. A person with recent travel to Mexico d. An adolescent with behavior problems

c. A person with recent travel to Mexico

A nurse, who has just started her shift, is assessing the lab values of each of her patients. Which of the following lab values should the nurse be concerned about? a. Albumin level of 4.9 g/dL b. Albumin level of 3.5 g/dL c. Albumin level of 2.0 g/dL d. Albumin level of 3.6 g/dL

c. Albumin level of 2.0 g/dL

A patient you are caring for has a high serum cholesterol level which lunch option would be most appropriate for this patient? a. Grilled chicken, oatmeal-raisin cookie, and whole milk b. Meat loaf, whole grain bread slice, and low fat yogurt c. Baked chicken breast, broccoli, and low-fat milk d. Salmon, white bread slice, and a coke

c. Baked chicken breast, broccoli, and low-fat milk

The nurse is assisting a community group to plan a family sports day. In order to prevent dehydration, what is the best beverage for the nurse to suggest be supplied? a. Iced tea b. Energy drink c. Bottled water d. Gatorade

c. Bottled water

A nurse is teaching about diet restrictions to a client who has acute renal failure and is on hemodialysis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Limit calcium intake to 2,500 mg daily b. Decrease total fat intake to 45% of daily calories c. Decrease potassium intake to 65 mEq/day d. Limit sodium intake to 4.5 g/day

c. Decrease potassium intake to 65 mEq/day

A nurse is assessing a patient with diarrhea x3 days. Which is the priority issue to address? a. Patient comfort b. Ordering meals on time c. Dehydration d. Pain medication

c. Dehydration

GERD weakens the lower esophageal sphincter, predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In managing the symptoms associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the highest priority to which of the following interventions? a. Decrease daily intake of vegetables and water b. Drink coffee diluted with milk at each meal c. Eat small, frequent meals and remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes after eating d. Avoid over the counter drugs that have antacids in them

c. Eat small, frequent meals and remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes after eating

A nurse is teaching a client who has as new prescription for ferrous sulfate (Feosol). Which of the following should be included in the teaching? a. Stools will be dark red in color b. Take with a glass of milk if gastrointestinal distress occurs c. Food high in vitamin C will promote absorption d. Take for 14 days

c. Food high in vitamin C will promote absorption

Which of the following diets would a nurse anticipate a patient who is newly diagnosed with diverticulosis be placed on: a. High-protein diet b. Low-fiber diet c. High-fiber diet d. Low-carbohydrate diet

c. High-fiber diet

A client who was recently diagnosed with cancer is curious as to what to expect in regards to diet. The client is expecting to be told to reduce caloric intake because of the cancer, but is not sure why. The nurse should respond to this expectation by saying it is ________ because ___________________________. a. Accurate; increasing caloric intake will simply feed the cancer cells, which is not desired b. Accurate; it would be a waste to prescribe high caloric intake since the client won't be hungry c. Inaccurate; the client will need an increased caloric intake because of a higher metabolic rate and loss of nutrients due to the cancer d. Inaccurate; the client will not be prescribed any

c. Inaccurate; the client will need an increased caloric intake because of a higher metabolic rate and loss of nutrients due to the cancer

Which of the following objective data would the nurse expect to find in the client with anorexia nervosa? a. A score of 13 on the Mini-Mental State Exam b. Feeling isolated and lonely c. Osteoporosis d. Preoccupation with food

c. Osteoporosis

A nurse is preparing to administer lipid emulsion and notes a layer of fat floating in the IV solution bag. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. Shake the bag to mix the fat. b. Turn the bag upside down one time. c. Return the bag to the pharmacy d. Administer the bag of solution.

c. Return the bag to the pharmacy

The nurse teaches a patient with cancer of the liver about high-protein, high-calorie diet choices. Which snack choice by the patient indicates that the teaching as been effective? a. Fresh fruit salad b. Orange sherbet c. Strawberry yogurt d. French Fries

c. Strawberry yogurt

Which client is most at risk to develop constipation? a. The pediatric client who takes antibiotics for ear infections b. The young client in the hospital for an appendectomy c. The elderly client who uses mineral oil d. The middle-aged client who uses an enema when he travels

c. The elderly client who uses mineral oil

You are working with a new nurse and you know she an understanding about the fiber diet when she selects which intervention for Mr. Smith a 78 year old patient who consumes 28 grams of fiber in his diet? a. Encourage Mr. Smith to increase his dietary fiber. b. Tell Mr. Smith he needs to stop eating all that fiber it's bad for him. c. Give Mr. Smith a stool softener. d. Ensure Mr. Smith is consuming 6-8 glasses of liquid a day.

d. Ensure Mr. Smith is consuming 6-8 glasses of liquid a day.

The nurse is counseling a prenatal client regarding the need to take folic acid supplements during pregnancy. Which foods, high in folic acid, should the nurse encourage the client to eat? a. Fruits and tomato juice b. Rice and pasta c. Eggs and yogurt d. Green, leafy vegetables and legumes

d. Green, leafy vegetables and legumes

A client with AIDS complains of a weight loss of 20 pounds in the past month. Which diet is suggested for this client? a. High calorie, high protein, and high fat b. High calorie, high carbohydrate, and low protein c. High calorie, low carbohydrate, and high fat d. High calorie, high protein, and low fat

d. High calorie, high protein, and low fat

You have been teaching your patient about improving their dietary intake of Magnesium. Which statement by your patient indicates they recognize the right foods to eat. a. I have bacon and eggs every morning b. We never eat seafood because of the salt water c. I eat fish and chicken at least 4 times a week d. I will need to stock up on bananas, almonds, and salad-fixins.

d. I will need to stock up on bananas, almonds, and salad-fixins.

The nurse is caring for a burn client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at 75mL/hour. The nurse is most concerned when the client experiences which symptoms? a. Pain b. Absent bowel sounds c. Abdominal cramping d. Increased urine glucose

d. Increased urine glucose

A patient is being examined for a suspected peptic ulcer. The nurse knows that what symptom indicates a duodenal ulcer rather than a gastric ulcer? a. Hematemeisis b. Nausea c. Pain is increased during meals d. Pain is relieved by meals

d. Pain is relieved by meals

Adolescent girls' energy requirements are typically less than boys, because: a. They have more muscle growth, but less bone growth than boys. b. They have a lower body mass than boys do. c. Adolescent girl's energy requirements are exactly the same as boys. d. They have less bone growth of muscle and bone, and more fat deposition than boys.

d. They have less bone growth of muscle and bone, and more fat deposition than boys.

A patient was brought into the ED with confusion and loss of feeling in their feet. After a blood test the doctor diagnosed the patient with Beriberi. What vitamin level would you expect to be low in the lab results? a. Niacan (B3) b. Pantothenic Acid (B5) c. Riboflavin (B2) d. Thiamin (B1)

d. Thiamin (B1)

A nurse is reviewing nutrition teaching for a client who has cholecystitis. Which of the following food choices can trigger cholecystitis? a. Brownie with nuts b. Bowl of mixed fruit c. Grilled turkey d. Baked Potato

a. Brownie with nuts

A nurse is providing nutritional education to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following statements by the parents require additional teaching? a. "I should give my child finger foods." b. "I should limit juice to 8 ounces daily." c. "My child's serving size should be 1 tablespoon for each year of age." d. "My child should gain about 5 pounds this year."

b. "I should limit juice to 8 ounces daily."

Which factors affect the amount and distribution of body fluids? (Select all that apply.) a. Race b. Age c. Gender d. Height e. Body fat

b. Age, c. Gender, and e. Body fat

A nurse is calculating the BMI of a client. Which of the following measurements indicates that the client is overweight? a. 19 b. 14 c. 26 d. 30

c. 26

The nurse teaches the patient who has had surgery to increase which nutrient to help with tissue repair? a. Fat b. Protein c. Vitamins d. Carbohydrates

b. Protein

Which of the following diets is most commonly associated with colon cancer? a. Low fiber, high fat b. Low fiber, low fat c. High fiber, high fat d. High fiber, low fat

a. Low fiber, high fat

A nurse in a community health center is performing a nutritional assessment on a 2 year old toddler. The child's mother makes all of the following statements. Which statement should prompt the nurse to initiate further discussion with the mother? a. "My daughter takes chewable vitamins every day." b. "My daughter drinks seven bottles of milk in a day." c. "My daughter insists on eating her meals without help." d. "My daughter is gaining about 1 pound every month."

b. "My daughter drinks seven bottles of milk in a day."

During nutritional assessment of a client diagnosed with dementia, the nurse suspects the client is at risk for nutritional deficiency due to inadequate food intake. Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse to instruct client or her family? a. Eat a one large meal everyday to make sure you are getting enough b. Eat your meals at the same time and same location and around the same residents d. Avoid eating snacks between meals e. Distractions during meals can help you eat more even when you don't feel hungry

b. Eat your meals at the same time and same location and around the same residents

A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperglycemia. Which of the findings should the nurse expect? a. Diaphoretic b. Fruity breath odor c. Palpations d. Lack of coordination

b. Fruity breath odor

The nurse checks a diabetic blood glucose level and it reads 70 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Wait 15 minutes and check blood glucose level again b. Give 15 grams if simple carbohydrates c. Give 15 units of fast acting insulin d. Nothing, 70 mg/dL is an acceptable blood glucose level in an diabetic patient

b. Give 15 grams if simple carbohydrates

A nurse is assisting a client who has a prescription for a mechanical soft diet with food selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the client? (Select all that apply.) a. Dried prunes b. Ground turkey c. Mashed carrots d. Fresh strawberries e. Cottage cheese

b. Ground turkey, c. Mashed carrots, and e. Cottage cheese

When providing dietary teaching to the client with hepatitis, the nurse includes which information? a. Larger meal early in the morning b. Increased carbohydrates and moderate protein c. Fluids restricted to 1500 mL per day d. Alcoholic beverages limited to once weekly

b. Increased carbohydrates and moderate protein

An older adult patient at risk for fluid and electrolyte problems is vigilantly monitored by the nurse for the first indication of a fluid balance problem. What is this indication? a. Fever b. Mental status changes c. Poor skin turgor d. Dry mucous membranes

b. Mental status changes

A patient who has diabetes mellitus is not sure what foods promote fiber intake. What food should the nurse recommend to the patient? a. Whole grains b. Fruits c. Bakery Products d. Milk

a. Whole grains

The early manifestations of Dumping syndrome occur eight hours after eating meals with large amounts of fluid given with the meal. (True or False)

False

A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler about appropriate snack foods. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply) a. Graham crackers b. Apple slices c. Peeled raisins d. Jelly beans e. Cheese curds

a. Graham crackers, b. Apple slices, & e. Cheese curds

What are the 3 lipoproteins? (Select all that apply) a. LDL b. Triglycerides c. Monoglycerides d. HDL e. VLDL

a. LDL, d. HDL, and e. VLDL

The nurse has provided dietary instructions to a client with coronary artery disease. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the dietary instructions? a. "I'll need to become a strict vegetarian." b. "I should use polyunsaturated oils in my diet." c. "I need to substitute eggs and whole milk for meat." d. "I should eliminate all cholesterol and fat from my diet.

b. "I should use polyunsaturated oils in my diet."

Which of the following methods should the nurse use to provide the most accurate assessment of an adolescent's status regarding obesity? a. A food intake diary for 1 week. b. A body mass index (BMI) for age. c. A 4 hour dietary history. d. Skinfold thickness measurements.

b. A body mass index (BMI) for age.

What is the most important precaution for the nurse to teach the client with continuing kidney impairment on discharge after treatment for acute renal failure? a. Avoid fluids that contain either alcohol or caffeine b. Weigh yourself daily and report any rapid weight gain c. Drink at least 3 liters of fluid daily to prevent dehydration d. Use a dipstick to check for glucose in your urine at least once daily

c. Drink at least 3 liters of fluid daily to prevent dehydration

The client asks the nurse about fat-soluble vitamins. What is the nurse's best response? a. Fat-soluble vitamins are metabolized rapidly. b. Fat-soluble vitamins cannot be stored in the liver. c. Fat-soluble vitamins are excreted slowly in urine. d. Fat-soluble vitamins cannot be toxic.

c. Fat-soluble vitamins are excreted slowly in urine

Interventions such as promotion of nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction should be promoted by the nurse for patients who have HIV infection, primarily because these interventions will a. Promote a feeling of well-being in the patient. b. Prevent transmission of the virus to others. c. Improve the patient's immune function. d. Increase the patient's strength and self-care ability.

c. improve the patient's immune function.

Children, 6-12 years of age, should be eating: a. 1 cup of vegetables daily b. 3.5-4 cups of dairy daily c. 2.5-3 cups of fruit daily d. 4-5 oz of protein daily

d. 4-5 oz of protein daily

A nurse is teaching a client about protein needs when on dialysis. What are some sources of protein? a. Eggs b. Soy c. Milk d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following food selections by the client indicates the teaching was effective? a. Unsalted Nuts b. Bologna c. Cheddar Cheese d. Bananas

d. Bananas

A 68 year old patient is in the hospital with a chronic illness, is 25% overweight. This patient refuses to eat vegetables and continues to ask for food to be delivered from the local pizza restaurant. Which of the following might this patient be experiencing? a. Protein-calorie malnutrition b. Undernutrition c. Overnutrition d. Both overnutrition and undernutrition

d. Both overnutrition and undernutrition

A nurse is taking care of a patient who is immunocompromised, which of the following food suggestions indicated that the patient needs further teaching? a. Canned green beans b. Sautéed mushrooms c. Grilled chicken d. Fresh broccoli e. Grilled apples

d. Fresh broccoli

Which of these conditions is not an indication of a low fiber diet? a. Acute diverticulitis b. Bowel surgery c. Diarrhea d. Peptic ulcer

d. Peptic ulcer

A client admitted with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung has a serum calcium level of 14 mg/dl. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods upon discharge? Select all that apply. a. Eggs b. Broccoli c. Organ meats d. Nuts e. Canned Salmon

b. Broccoli, d. Nuts, and e. Canned Salmon

The nurse is counseling a patient with anemia on iron-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the patient be encouraged to eat? a. Bananas and lobster b. Chicken liver and apricots c. Potatoes and rice d. Tomatoes and cheese

b. Chicken liver and apricots

Condition that is diagnosed by less than 3 times a week for women, and less than 5 times a week for men. Period of more than 3 days without a bowel movement. Straining more than 25% of the time? a. Psyllium b. Constipation c. Phosphate d. Probiotics

b. Constipation

What is the major function of HDL? a. To carry triglycerides to the tissues b. To carry cholesterol to the tissues c. To remove excess cholesterol from the tissues d. To break down fat

c. To remove excess cholesterol from the tissues

Which of the following reported by the client being evaluated for nutritional deficiency requires further assessment by the nurse? a. Client reports unintentional weight loss in the last three months b. Client reports drink five glasses of water every day c. Client walks around the neighborhood for 30 minutes every day d. Client eats five small meals daily

a. Client reports unintentional weight loss in the last three months

The nurse is planning to teach a client with GERD about foods to avoid to manage symptoms. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in her teaching? Select all that apply. a. Coffee b. Chocolate c. Fatty foods d. Baked chicken

a. Coffee, b. Chocolate, and c. Fatty foods

The nurse is teaching a client with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia about dietary intake. Which type of food does the nurse encourage the client to eat? a. Dairy products b. Grains c. Leafy vegetables d. Starchy vegetables

a. Dairy products

The HIV-infected patient is taught health promotion activities including good nutrition; avoiding alcohol, tobacco, drug use, and exposure to infectious agents; keeping up to date with vaccines; getting adequate rest; and stress management. What is the rationale behind these interventions that the nurse knows? a. Delaying disease progression b. Preventing disease transmission c. Helping to cure the HIV infection d. Enabling an increase in self-care activities

a. Delaying disease progression

A client is suspected of having a fat-soluble vitamin deficiency. To assist the client with this deficiency, the nurse informs the client: a. "More exposure to sunlight and drinking milk could solve your nutritional problem." b. "Eating more pork, fish, eggs, and poultry will increase your vitamin B complex intake." c. "Increasing your protein intake will increase your negative nitrogen imbalance." d. "Decreasing your triglyceride levels by eating less saturated fats would be a good health intervention for you."

a. "More exposure to sunlight and drinking milk could solve your nutritional problem."

A 67 year-old patient leaving the health clinic is very concerned about developing food poisoning because many of her friends in her retirement community have had this before. What foods would you recommend her avoiding due to her concern for developing food poisoning? (Select all that apply) a. A large salad b. Rare steak c. White rice d. Cheese plate e. Wheat bread

a. A large salad, b. Rare steak, and d. Cheese plate

When a client learned that the symptoms of diabetes were caused by high levels of blood glucose, the client decided to stop eating carbohydrates. In this instance, the nurse would be concerned that the client would develop what complication? a. Acidosis b. Atherosclerosis c. Glycosuria d. Retinopathy

a. Acidosis

A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a full liquid diet due to dysphagia. Which of the following nursing actions is the highest priority? a. Add thickener to liquids b. Educate the client about acceptable liquids c. Perform a calorie count of consumed liquids d. Offer high protein liquid supplements

a. Add thickener to liquids

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN, but the next bag of solution is not available for administration at this time. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. Administer 20% dextrose in water IV until the next bag is available. b. Slow the infusion rate of the current bag until the solution is available. c. Monitor for hyperglycemia d. Monitor for hyperosmolar diuresis.

a. Administer 20% dextrose in water IV until the next bag is available.

Which of the following are risk factors for inadequate nutrition? (Select all that apply). a. Age b. Mental illness c. Poverty d. Gender e. Culture

a. Age b. Mental illness c. Poverty & e. Culture

The mother of a hospitalized 3 year old boy informs the nurse that he is a very poor eater. What would be the best recommendation for the nurse to make to help increase nutritional intake? a. Allow him to feed himself b. Provide him with child size table and chairs c. Offer him small portions of his favorite foods d. Use plastic cups and plates with cartoon characters

a. Allow him to feed himself

For Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Constipation Predominant) you should increase use of these products a. Dietary fibers and fluids b. Lactulose and Sorbitol c. Diarrhea d. Fiber Aids like Metamucil

a. Dietary fibers and fluids

Nutritional assessment of a 10-year-old indicates the following findings. Which does the nurse recognize as a risk alert? Select all that apply a. Eats one vegetable a day, generally at suppertime b. Has been diagnosed with asthma c. BMI in the 25th percentile d. Eats an apple and an orange every day for a snack e. Plays basketball 5-6 days a week

a. Eats one vegetable a day, generally at suppertime b. Has been diagnosed with asthma

Name a food source of Vitamin E a. Egg yolk b. Liver c. Vegetable oils d. Nuts e. Whole grains

a. Egg yolk

Which of the following are risk factors associated with nursing home residents and dysphagia? (Choose all that apply) a. Feeding bed-bound residents in the semi-reclined position b. Administering thin liquids quickly via a straw c. Providing thickened liquids to the patient during meals d. Busy and overburdened staff who are assigned a case-load of several patients to feed at the same scheduled time

a. Feeding bed-bound residents in the semi-reclined position b. Administering thin liquids quickly via a straw & d. Busy and overburdened staff who are assigned a case-load of several patients to feed at the same scheduled time

An obese patient with an alteration in nutritional status is being seen in the clinic for poor wound healing. To gain a more comprehensive picture of this patient's nutritional status, which of the following tools can the nurse ask the patient to complete. a. Food frequency questionnaire b. 7 day food log c. CAGE assessment d. 3 day diet recall

a. Food frequency questionnaire

The client with a stroke has residual dysphagia. When a diet order is initiated, the nurse avoids doing which of the following? a. Giving the client thin liquids b. Thickening liquids to the consistency of oatmeal c. Placing food on the unaffected side of the mouth d. Allowing plenty of time for chewing and swallowing

a. Giving the client thin liquids

While doing a physical assessment on a 9 year old girl, it is evident that her twin brother is not gaining weight at the same rate. What is significant about this finding? a. It is a normal finding b. This is abnormal for growth at this age c. Girls at this age gain more weight than boys d. Boys do not gain much weight at this age

a. It is a normal finding

Nursing management of the patient with chronic gastritis includes teaching the patient to: a. Maintain a bland diet with 6 small meals a day b. Take antacids before meals c. Use NSAIDS instead of aspirin for pain relief d. Eliminate alcohol and caffeine from diet

a. Maintain a bland diet with 6 small meals a day

A patient states "I know I should eat _______________ because it is a good dietary source of lipids." a. New York strip steak b. Rice c. Hot dogs d. Garden salad

a. New York strip steak

Risk associated with renal failure include(select all that apply). a. Obesity b. Hypertension c. Diabetes d. Caucasian e. African American

a. Obesity b. Hypertension c. Diabetes e. African American

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a stroke. Because of the stroke, the client has dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Which intervention by the nurse is best for preventing aspiration? a. Placing the client in high Fowler's position to eat b. Offering liquids and solids together c. Keeping liquids thinned d. Placing food on the affected side of the mouth

a. Placing the client in high Fowler's position to eat

A nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on a client. Which of the following clinical findings are suggestive of malnutrition (select all that apply)? a. Poor wound healing b. Dry hair c. Blood pressure 130/80 mm/Hg d. Weak hand grips e. Impaired coordination

a. Poor wound healing b. Dry hair d. Weak hand grips & e. Impaired coordination

You are caring for a client experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions will help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Choose all that apply) a. Sit the client upright in a chair b. Give liquids at the end of the meal c. Place food in the strong side of the mouth d. Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow e. Feed the client slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow f. Encourage client to lie down to rest for 30 min. after eating

a. Sit the client upright in a chair, c. Place food in the strong side of the mouth, and e. Feed the client slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow

The nurse calculates a patient's BMI as being 25.2. According to the classification of BMI in adults, which of the following can the nurse accurately document about this finding? a. This patient is overweight b. This patient is mildly malnourished c. This patient is of normal weight d. This patient is obese.

a. This patient is overweight

Which are the following functions of Vitamin E? (Choose all that apply) a. Works as an antioxidant b. Helps maintain healthy nerves and muscles c. To aid and blood clotting d. To help absorption of calcium

a. Works as an antioxidant b. Helps maintain healthy nerves and muscles

Which client problem relating to altered nutrition is a consequence of HIV? a. Increased appetite b. Decreased protein absorption c. Increased secretions of digestive juices d. Decreased gastrointestinal absorption

b. Decreased protein absorption

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. What would be the priority intervention to teach the patient to help prevent hyperglycemia? a. Exercise b. Monitor blood sugar c. Limit simple carbohydrates d. Promote Fiber Intake

b. Monitor blood sugar

A client with HIV is experiencing shortness of breath related to pneumonia. Which measure should the nurse include in the plan of care to assist the client in performing activities of daily living? a. Provide supportive care with hygiene needs b. Provide meals and snacks with high-protein, high calorie, and high-nutritional value c. Provide small, frequent meals d. Offer low microbial foods

b. Provide meals and snacks with high-protein, high calorie, and high-nutritional value

A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client with high blood glucose levels. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Don't eat a snack at bedtime b. Saturated fats should be limited to 7% c. Decrease fiber intake d. Eliminate tobacco products e. Carbohydrates should be 45-60% of daily calorie intake

b. Saturated fats should be limited to 7%, d. Eliminate tobacco products, and e. Carbohydrates should be 45-60% of daily calorie intake

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that this client is at risk for which vitamin deficiency? a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B12 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin E

b. Vitamin B12

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a patient with end stage kidney disease. Which statement indicates patient understanding of the teaching? a. "I will increase my intake of protein" b. "I will eat lots of food high in potassium" c. "I will select foods that are low in phosphorus" d. "I will only drink 3 glasses of milk a day"

c. "I will select foods that are low in phosphorus"

A nurse is planning care for a client who has mechanical fixation of the jaw following a motorcycle crash. Which of the following actions are appropriate to include in the plan of care (select all that apply)? a. Thicken the client's liquids to honey consistency b. Educate the client about the use of a nasogastric tube c. Assist the client to use a straw to drink liquids d. Ensure that the client receives ground meats e. Encourage the client's intake of fluid between meals

c. Assist the client to use a straw to drink liquids & e. Encourage the client's intake of fluid between meals

A nurse is caring for a client who requires a nasogastric tube for feeding. What should the nurse do immediately after inserting an NG tube for enteral feedings? a. Aspirate to confirm gastric secretions and placement with a syringe b. Begin feeding slowly to prevent cramping c. Get an X-ray to see if the tip is in the stomach d. Clamp off the tube until the feedings begin

c. Get an X-ray to see if the tip is in the stomach

Which beverage should be avoided while maintaining a high fiber diet? a. Grape juice b. Water c. Mt. Dew d. Gatorade

c. Mt. Dew

A nurse is caring for a client with hyperglycemia. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. Give 1 tbsp of brown sugar b. Encourage hard candies to suck on c. Offer cheese and crackers d. Provide donuts

c. Offer cheese and crackers

A nurse is providing instructions to a client who reports constipation and has prescription for a high-fiber, low fat diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates he understands the teaching? a. Peanut butter b. Peeled apples c. Hardboiled eggs d. Brown rice

d. Brown rice

A client with HIV has a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements. The nurse plans which of the following goals with this client? a. Consume foods and beverages that are high in glucose b. Plan large menus and cook meals in advance c. Eat low-calorie snacks between meals d. Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day

d. Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day

What is the major lipid found in the body and in foods? a. Cholesterol b. Essential fatty acids c. Phospholipids d. Triglycerides

d. Triglycerides

A patient who is 25 pounds underweight comes into the clinic with a new complaint of bruising and "bleeding marks," under the skin. The nurse realizes this patient might be demonstrating signs of: a. Vitamin D deficiencies b. Protein deficiency c. Vitamin B deficiency d. Vitamin C deficiency

d. Vitamin C deficiency

A client with diarrhea needs health teaching about nutrition therapy. Which foods should the nurse teach the client to avoid?(select all that apply): a. Potatoes b. Onions c. Apples d. Milk e. Orange juice

b. Onions, d. Milk, and e. Orange juice

A nurse is caring for a patient with diarrhea. which of the following lab results is most concerning? a. BUN of 10 mg/dl b. Potassium of 2.9 mg/dl c. Sodium 138 mg/dl d. Urine specific gravity of 1.2

b. Potassium of 2.9 mg/dl

The nurse is teaching a client with AIDS how to avoid foodborne illnesses. The nurse instructs the client to prevent acquiring infection from food by avoiding which of the following foods? a. Bottled Water b. Raw oysters c. Pasteurized milk d. Bananas

b. Raw oysters

A nurse is discussing health problems associated with nutrient deficiencies. Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of Vitamin C? a. Dysrhythmias b. Scurvy c. Pernicious anemia d. Megaloblastic anemia

b. Scurvy

Which of the following types of diets is implicated in the development of diverticulosis? a. Low-fiber diet b. High fiber diet c. Low fat d. High protein

a. Low-fiber diet

Which of these foods would you avoid on a low fiber diet? a. White bread b. Applesauce c. Raw broccoli d. Canned green beans

c. Raw broccoli

The nurse is giving discharge instuctions to a newly diagnosed diabetic patient. Which of the following foods should she include when teaching about foods containing 15 grams of carbohydrates per serving? a. Pickles and Olives b. Peanut Butter and Celery c. Bread and Crackers d. Turkey and Cheese

c. Bread and Crackers

A patient asks you what she could eat for breakfast that is rich in fiber. Which of these is the best option to recommend? a. Lucky charms b. Banana c. Cream of Wheat d. Candy

c. Cream of Wheat

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client's serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L. The nurse reports the serum sodium level to the physician and the physician prescribes dietary instructions based on the sodium level. Which food item does the nurse instruct the client to avoid? a. Peas b. Cauliflower c. Low-fat yogurt d. Processed oat cereals

d. Processed oat cereals

An older adult client needs additional dietary protein but refuses to drink the prescribed liquid protein supplements. Which nursing intervention is the most effective in increasing the client's protein intake? a. Administering the liquid supplement with routine medications b. Giving a glucose polymer modular supplement c. Keeping a food and fluid intake diary for at least 3 days d. Providing protein modular supplements in the form of puddings

d. Providing protein modular supplements in the form of puddings

A patient is suspected of having protein-calorie malnutrition. Which of the following laboratory values will the nurse want to especially monitor? a. Total Lymphocyte Count b. Potassium c. Triglyceride d. Serum Albumin

d. Serum Albumin

A nurse is conducting a nutritional class on minerals and electrolytes. Which of the following food sources should be included when discussing magnesium? a. Nuts b. Tomatoes c. Canned soup d. Yogurt

a. Nuts

The nurse teaches the client who has had surgery to increase intake of which nutrient to help with tissue repair? a. Protein b. Fat c. Vitamins d. Carbohydrates

a. Protein

Which of the following should the nurse include in the diet teaching for a client with a sodium level of 158 mEq/L? Select all that apply. a. Pretzels b. Baked chicken c. Chicken bouillon d. Baked potato e. Baked ham

b. Baked chicken & d. Baked potato

A nurse is teaching a client about how eating high-protein foods leads to increased phosphorus intake. Which statement made by the client indicates understanding? a. "I should increase my potassium intake." b. "There is no need for me to take calcium supplements." c. "I should take a phosphate-binder with my meals." d. "I should increase my sodium intake."

c. "I should take a phosphate-binder with my meals."

The nurse is educating a diabetic patient on diet choices. Which statements by the client best indicated the teaching was successful? a. "I can drink beer as much as I want to." b. "I should only count my carbohydrates." c. "I should maintain a low-sodium diet." d. "I should drink a lot of water."

b. "I should only count my carbohydrates"

A nurse received a phone call from her sister reporting that her 3 year old son had been throwing up for the past few hours and is now have loose stools with blood in them. What would you recommend telling the sister? a. "Give him some water, put him to sleep, and he will be okay." b. "Wait until he had a fever then take him to the doctor." c. "This is considered a medical emergency and you should take him in right away!" d. "He might have food poisoning. I would take his temperature, give him fluids, and watch him closely."

c. "This is considered a medical emergency and you should take him in right away!"

A nurse is providing instructions to a client who reports constipation and has a prescription for a high-fiber, low-fat diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates he understands the teaching? a. Peanut butter b. Peeled apples c. Hardboiled eggs d. Brown rice

d. Brown rice

The nurse is performing a health screening on a 54-year-old client. The client has a blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg, total cholesterol level of 190 mg/dL, and fasting blood glucose level of 184 mg/dL. The nurse interprets this to mean that the client has which modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)? a. Age b. Hypertension c. Hyperlipidemia d. Glucose intolerance

d. Glucose intolerance