Nutrition - Nursing Concepts

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the client with uric acid renal calculi. Which statement by the client indicates the client understands the prescribed diet? "I will eliminate milk and other dairy products from my diet." "I should avoid raw fruits and vegetables." "Chocolate, spinach, and strawberries are not allowed." "I should limit my intake of meat and fish."

"I should limit my intake of meat and fish."

A client is prescribed didanosine (Videx) as part of his highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Which instruction would the nurse emphasize with this client? "Be sure to take this drug about 1/2 hour before or 2 hours after you eat." "It doesn't matter if you take this drug with or without food." "When you take this drug, eat a high-fat meal immediately afterwards." "You should take the drug with an antacid."

"Be sure to take this drug about 1/2 hour before or 2 hours after you eat."

Which of the following conditions in a patient with pancreatitis makes it necessary for the nurse to check fluid intake and output, hourly urine output, and monitor electrolyte levels? Frequent vomiting leading to loss of fluid volume High glucose levels in the blood Acetone in the urine Dry mouth, which makes the patient thirsty

Frequent vomiting leading to loss of fluid volume

The parents raising two school-aged children incorporate their religious beliefs into the family's daily life. The family's beliefs regarding religion include dietary considerations, worship practices, attitudes, and values. This is an example of which function of the family? Reproductive Affective and coping Socialization Physical

Socialization

According to the DASH diet, how many servings of vegetables should a person consume per day? 7 or 8 2 or 3 2 or fewer 4 or 5

4 or 5

Which of the following clients would be a candidate for total parenteral nutrition? A client receiving intravenous antibiotics A client with diabetic ketoacidosis A client with colitis and bloody diarrhea A postoperative appendectomy client

A client with colitis and bloody diarrhea

A client develops chronic pancreatitis. What would be the appropriate home diet for a client with chronic pancreatitis? A diabetic exchange diet distributed over three meals and two snacks daily A low-fat, bland diet distributed over five to six small meals daily a low-protein, high-fiber diet distributed over four to five moderate-sized meals daily A high-calcium, soft diet distributed over three meals and an evening snack daily

A low-fat, bland diet distributed over five to six small meals daily

A client with diabetes mellitus has had declining renal function over the past several years. Which diet regimen should the nurse recommend to the client on days between dialysis? A low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water A high-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water A low-protein diet with an unlimited amount of water No protein in the diet and use of salt sparingly

A low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water

In evaluating a client's response to nutrition therapy, which laboratory test would be of highest priority to examine? Albumin level CBC differential Lymphocyte count Serum potassium level

Albumin level

A child with ADHD is placed on methylphenidate therapy. What symptom may children on methylphenidate develop? Sleepiness Rapid increase in height Anorexia Hypotension

Anorexia

The digestion of carbohydrates is aided by lipase. amylase. trypsin. secretin.

amylase.

What information would be included in the care plan of an infant in heart failure? Maintain child in the supine position. Encourage larger, less frequent feedings. Begin formulas with increased calories. Administer digoxin even if the infant is vomiting.

Begin formulas with increased calories.

A nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia. Which activity is altered as a result of this diagnosis? Swallowing Chewing Smelling Tasting

Chewing

The nurse is providing instruction to a patient with acne. The nurse promotes avoidance for which of the following foods? Select all that apply. Bananas Chocolate Onions Ice cream

Chocolate Ice cream

A nurse is administering a tube feeding to a client at risk of developing diarrhea due to the hypertonic feeding solution ordered by the client's healthcare provider. What kind of feeding should the nurse administer to the client to reduce this risk? Bolus feeding Intermittent feeding Cyclic feeding Continuous feedings

Continuous feedings

The nurse is caring for a child with an eating disorder. Which is the priority treatment for the disorder? Supervise and document food intake Correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances Monitor urine for presence of ketones Develop a behavior modification plan

Correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances

A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative from a neck dissection. What would be the most appropriate nursing action to enhance the patient's appetite? Provide thorough oral care immediately after the patient eats. Avoid offering food unless the patient initiates. Encourage the family to bring in the patient's favored foods. Limit visitors at mealtimes so that the patient is not distracted.

Encourage the family to bring in the patient's favored foods.

A current patient, an overweight, 61-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus, is status post-MI 1 month and has returned for his cardiology follow-up. Included with his dietary changes, the cardiologist recommended which nonpharmacological lifestyle changes to reduce microvascular changes? Glucose control Increased cholesterol consumption Increased nicotine use Maintaining weight

Glucose control

Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with hyperthyroidism? Risk for impaired skin integrity related to edema, skin fragility, and poor wound healing Risk for imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess Disturbed body image related to weight gain and edema Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess

Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess

Which of the following is a gerontological consideration associated with the pancreas? Increased rate of pancreatic secretion Increased calcium absorption Increase in fibrous material Increased bicarbonate output

Increase in fibrous material

The nurse is caring for a small-for-gestational-age infant at 1 hour old, after a difficult birth, with a glucose level of 40 mg/dL (2.5 mmol/L). Which nursing action would be the priority? Initiate daily newborn weights. Monitor the infant at feedings. Initiate early oral feedings. Ensure feedings are on demand.

Initiate early oral feedings.

An infant with poor feeding is suspected of having a congenital heart defect. The parents are asking why a chest x-ray is necessary in their infant. What is the best response from the nurse? It will determine disturbances in heart conduction. It will show if blood is being shunted. It will determine if the heart is enlarged. This image will clarify the structures within the heart.

It will determine if the heart is enlarged.

Which of the following manifestations are associated with a deficiency of vitamin B12? Select all that apply. Loss of hair Macrocytic anemia Pernicious anemia Thrombocytopenia Lethargy

Macrocytic anemia Pernicious anemia Thrombocytopenia

Which of the following is the most common symptom of gastrointestinal (GI) problems in general? Nausea Vomiting Dysphagia Odynophagia

Nausea

An elderly client has a decubitus ulcer with drainage, dysphagia, and immobility. She consumes less than 300 calories per day and has a large amount of interstitial fluid. She is in a state of Digestion Anabolism Positive nitrogen balance Negative nitrogen balance

Negative nitrogen balance

The nurse is planning care for a client who has been experiencing a manic episode for 6 days and is unable to sit still long enough to eat meals. Which choice will best meet the client's nutritional needs at this time? Offer a green salad topped with chicken pieces. Offer a peanut butter sandwich. Offer to have the family bring in favorite foods. Offer a bowl of vegetable soup.

Offer a peanut butter sandwich.

Tube feedings are given to a patient after an oral surgery. The nurse manages tube feedings to minimize the risk of aspiration. Which of the following measures should the nurse include in the care plan to reduce the risk of aspiration? Administer 15 to 30 mL of water before and after medications and feedings Change tube feeding container and tubing Avoid cessation of feedings Place patient in semi-Fowler's position during and 60 minutes after an intermittent feeding

Place patient in semi-Fowler's position during and 60 minutes after an intermittent feeding

A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation that focuses on promoting pressure ulcer healing. The nurse is planning to include information about appropriate nutrition. Which of the following would the nurse include as important for overall tissue repair? Vitamin C Zinc sulfate Water Protein

Protein

The nurse is evaluating the serum albumin of a patient newly admitted on the rehabilitation unit. The nurse determines that the serum albumin is low, indicating that the patients level of which of the following is deficient? Protein Potassium Phosphorous Calcium

Protein

Primary gout is often caused by an inherited disorder in which type of metabolism? Glucose Fat Purine Carbohydrate

Purine

The nurse is evaluating whether or not a patient's religion prohibits her from eating various meats. The nurse sees that only pork needs to be avoided when the patient states that she belongs to which of the following religions? Seventh-day Adventists Mormons Hindus Catholics

Seventh-day Adventists

Which of the following dinner selections demonstrates an understanding of nutritional therapy used by women to decrease the signs and symptoms of menopause? Wheat toast, apple slices, broiled chicken breast, and steamed carrots White toast, apple sauce, grilled chicken, and glazed carrots Saltine crackers, fruit cocktail, lima beans, and meatloaf Corn chips, grapes, lean meat, and baked beans

Wheat toast, apple slices, broiled chicken breast, and steamed carrots

A mother who is breastfeeding and has known food sensitivities is asking the nurse what foods she should avoid in her diet. Which foods should the nurse advise the client to avoid? Select all that apply. lamb eggs shellfish beef peanuts

eggs shellfish peanuts

A child with cystic fibrosis has been admitted to the pediatric unit. What type of diet should the nurse request for the client? high-carbohydrate, high-protein high-fat, high-carbohydrate high-calorie, high-carbohydrate high-calorie, high-protein

high-calorie, high-protein

The nurse should teach the client with hepatitis A to: increase carbohydrates and protein in the diet. avoid contact with others and sleep in a separate room. limit caloric intake and reduce weight. intensify routine exercise and increase strength.

increase carbohydrates and protein in the diet.

A client is prescribed methadone 10 mg three times a day for neuralgia following chemotherapy treatment. The client reports that he is experiencing constipation and asks the nurse for information about preventing constipation. The nurse recommends ingesting up to 6 glasses of fluids per day using milk of magnesia 30 mL every day inserting a bisacodyl (Dulcolax) rectal suppository every morning increasing the amount of bran and fresh fruits and vegetables

increasing the amount of bran and fresh fruits and vegetables

The nurse administers fat emulsion solution during TPN as prescribed based on the understanding that this type of solution: promotes effective metabolism of glucose. provides essential fatty acids. provides extra carbohydrates. maintains a normal body weight.

provides essential fatty acids.

The student nurse is with a client who is listening to a dietitian emphasize the need for adequate nutrition. The dietitian is reviewing the functions of enzymes. Based on the information provided, what would be the best explanation by the dietitian to the client and student nurse about the functions of enzymes? speeding up chemical reactions producing ribosomes synthesizing protein bringing about cell division

speeding up chemical reactions

TPN is ordered for a client with Crohn's disease. The TPN solution is having an intended outcome when: the client does not have metabolic acidosis. the client is in a negative nitrogen balance. the client's nutritional needs are met. the client is hydrated.

the client's nutritional needs are met.

A patient has been diagnosed with a concussion. He is to be released from the emergency department. The nurse teaches the family or friends who will be caring for the patient to contact the physician or return to the ED if the patient vomits. sleeps for short periods of time. complains of generalized weakness. complains of headache.

vomits.