Nutrition Questions :)

Mr. Jones came in for a regular check up for nutrition status. The nurse asks him if there are any changes in his diet and he states, " I don't eat as much as I use to. I am on a fixed income and it is also hard to chew my foods so it gets hard to fix the right type of meals." What are some foods the nurse should recommend to Mr. Jones to help his nutritional status improve?

- Cream or meat-based vegetable soups,Cheese, eggs, and peanut butter for good sources of protein - Dairy products, green leafy vegetables, soy, nuts, fish, and fortified grains are rich in calcium. The diet in older adults need to contain all food groups.

What are some things that contribute to risk of food insecurity?

-Living on a fixed income - Health because it affects a person's desire and ability to eat. -Lack of transportation -Poor oral hygiene -Diminished thirst sensation

The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension on the importance of choosing foods low in sodium. The nurse should teach the client to limit intake of which of the following? 1. Apples 2. Bananas 3. Smoked Salami 4. Steamed Veggies

3. Smoked salami Smoked foods are high in sodium. fruits and veggies are low in sodium.

The nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver. To minimize the effects of the disorder, the nurse teaches the client about food that are high in THIAMINE. The nurse determines that the client has the best understanding of the dietary measures to follow if the client states an intention to increase intake of which of the following? 1. Milk 2. Broccoli 3. Chicken 4. Legumes

4. Legumes Clients with cirrhosis needs to consume foods HIGH in THIAMINE. Legumes are especially high in this type of vitamin. -Milk contains vitamins A, D, and B2 -Poultry contains niacine -Broccoli contains vitamins C, E, and K and folic acid

A client is being admitted to the hospital with a history of liver dysfunction associated with hepatitis. With which metabolic problem does the nurse anticipate that this client may have a problem? A. Emulsifying fats B. Digesting carbs C. Manufacturing red blood cells D. Reabsorbing water in the intestines

A. Bile is produced and concentrated in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. As fat enters the duodenum, it participates the release of cholecystokinin, which stimulates the gallbladder to release bile. Bile, an emulsifier, enlarges the surface area of fat particles so that enzymes can digest fat.

The nurse is reviewing lab results and notes that a client's serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L. The nurse reports the serum sodium level to the PHCP and the PHCP prescribes dietary instructions based on the sodium level. Which acceptable food items does the nurse instruct the client to consume? SATA A. Peas B. Nuts C. Cheese D. Cauliflower E. Processed oat cereals

A. peas B. nuts D. Cauliflower The normal serum sodium level is 135 to 145 mEq/L. In this case, the level indicates hypernatremia. Peas, nuts, and cauliflower are good sources of phosphorus and not sodium. REMEMBER, processed foods are normally higher in sodium...

What nutrient-drug interactions does aspirin have?

Absorbed directly to the stomach; decreased drug absorption with food; decreased folic acid, vitamins C and K and iron absorption

What nutrient-drug interactions does Warfarin have?

Acts as antagonist to vitamin K

Which of the following indicates that a new nurse needs more education on nutrition in Older Adults? SATA A. "Older adults can experience a decrease in appetite due to less saliva production and reduced sense of smell." B. "Older adults should eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice to receive more needed nutrients." C. "I will make sure the older adult patient understands that he/she needs to have adequate calcium and vitamin D intake to prevent osteoporosis." D. " There is no need to increase vitamin intake for my older adult patient."

B and D B is not the answer because grapefruit can alter the absorption of many drugs so older adults need to be cautioned to not eat any grapefruit. D is not the answer because older adults need an increase in vitamins.

A nurse is caring for clients with a variety of nutrition-related problems. Which problem should the nurse anticipate eventually may require a client to have a feeding tube inserted? A. Malabsorption syndrome B. Difficulty swallowing C. Stomatitis D. Vomiting

B. If a client with difficulty swallowing does not respond to a dysphagia diet, there may be a need for the inserting of a gastrostomy tube. Gastronomy feedings can be administered to meet nutritional needs and minimize the risk of aspiration.

A client is diagnosed with a vitamin A deficiency. The client loves pie for dessert. Which type of pie should the nurse encourage the client to ingest? A. Blueberry B. Pumpkin C. Cherry D. Pecan

B. Pumpkin is an excellent source of vitamin A. One piece of pumpkin pie contains 3,750 mcg RE of vitamin A.

A nurse at a community center is providing nutrition counseling for a group of older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include? SATA A. Increase protein to 50% of daily calories. B. The need for vitamins and minerals can increase. C. Up to 35% of daily calories should come from fat. D. At least 45% of daily calories should come from carbohydrates, E. Fruits and vegetables should make up one third of each meal.

B. C. D.

A nurse is caring for a client who is expending energy that is greater than the client's caloric intake. For which of human response should the nurse monitor the client? A. Fever B. Anorexia C. Malnutrition D. Hypertension

C. When energy expenditure exceeds caloric intake eventually body fat and muscle mass break down to supply the fuel needed for metabolism. Malnutrition results when the body's cells have a deficiency or excess of one or more nutrients.

A client is anorexic because of stomatitis related to chemotherapy. Which should the nurse be MOST concerned about when planning care for this client? A. Aspiration B. Dehydration C. Malnutrition D. Constipation

C. Stomatitis is the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, which can be painful. Clients with stomatitis frequently avoid eating to limit discomfort, which can lead to inadequate nutritional intake and malnutrition.

An obese client of a nursing home who is receiving a 1,500-calorie weight reduction diet has not lost weight in the past 2 weeks. Which should the nurse do FIRST? A. Inform the primary healthcare provider of the client's lack of progress. B. Instruct the client to limit intake to 1,000 calories per day C. Schedule a multidisciplinary team conference. D. Keep a log of oral intake for three days.

D. A record of the dietary intake provides objective information about the amounts and types of food consumed. This information provides data about nutrient deficiencies or excesses, eating problems, behaviors associated with eating, and potential problems and needs.

What nutrient-drug interactions does Furosemide have?

Decreased drug absorption with food

What nutrient-drug interactions does Acetaminophen have ?

Decreased drug absorption with food; Overdose associates with liver failure

What nutrient-drug interactions does Spironolactone have?

Increased drug absorption with food

What nutrient-drug interactions does Captopril have?

Taste alteration, anorexia

What nutrient-drug interactions does levodopa have?

Taste alteration, decreased vitamin B6, and drug absorption with food