Nutrition - Quiz 4

The red blood cells and brain are two body tissues that derive most of their energy from

Carbohydrate

Which of the following hormones is released during stressful times to increase blood glucose levels, making more energy available for use?

Epinephrine

Which of the following hormones is released to correct a hypoglycemic state?

Glucagon

Food manufacturers prefer to use ______ as a sweetener because it is easy to transport, has good shelf-stability, is low cost, and improves food properties.

High Fructose Corn Syrup

_____ occurs when the cells do not respond to normal insulin signals to take up glucose from the bloodstream.

Insulin Resistance

The symptoms of diabetes may occur suddenly and may include

extreme thirst and excessive urination.

Polysaccharides that cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes, and therefore cannot be absorbed, are called

fiber

The monosaccharides important in nutrition are

fructose, glucose, and galactose.

The major symptoms of lactose intolerance are

gas, abdominal pain, and bloating.

Excessive sugar intake is related to development of dental caries because

oral bacteria produce acids that dissolve tooth enamel when they metabolize sugars.

What is the RDA and minimum number of grams of carbohydrate, per day, adults must consume to avoid ketosis?

130

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that Americans consume ______ of their total calories from carbohydrates.

45%-65%

Which of the following foods is the best source of soluble fiber?

Kidney Beans

______ is a condition in which symptoms such as abdominal gas and bloating appear as a result of severe lactose maldigestion.

Lactose Intolerance

Which of the following describes type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Strongly associated with obesity

What is the fate of disaccharides not digested in the small intestine?

They pass into the colon and are fermented by bacteria.

Amylase is

an enzyme secreted by the pancreas that digests starch.

The glycemic index (GI) is a measurement of how a carbohydrate-containing food raises _____ as compared to a standard (typically glucose or white bread).

blood glucose

The hormone _______ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a normal range.

insulin

Immediately after sugars are absorbed into the blood, they travel to the

liver