Nutrition Quizzes

BMI

(200 lb × 703) ÷ (70 in × 70 in) = 28.7 kg/m2.

The RDA for protein is

0.8 g/kg of body weight.

Limit intake of added sugars to less than __% of daily kilocalories.

10

Limit saturated fat intake to less than __% 0of daily kilocalories.

10

Gaining more than 10 pounds (or 2 inches in waist circumference) signals a need to reevaluate diet and lifestyle choices.

10 pounds

Anthony is a 42-year-old male who recently lost 50 pounds by increasing his exercise and eating small, frequent meals. Now that he is in a weight-maintenance phase, his trainer recommends doing exercise for 90 minutes per day, most days of the week, at 60% to 70% of his maximum heart rate. How many heartbeats per minute is 60% to 70% of his maximum heart rate?

107 to 125 beats per minute

how many cups of water do males, females need a day respectively

13, 9

Limit intake of alcohol to less than ___ drink(s) per day for men or less than ____drink(s) per day for women.

2,1

Limit sodium intake to less than ____ mg per day.

2300

Review the section on Experimental Procedures (p. 414 of the article). Which of the following methods of dietary data collection is thought to be the most valid measure of total energy and protein intake?

24 hour recall

Obesity is classified as having a BMI of 30 or more.

30

Of this number, about 50 percent (or 36 percent of the total population) are obese.

50

The DASH diet recommends

6 to 8 servings per day of grain products, with most of those coming from whole grains. 2 to 3 servings per day of low-fat or fat-free dairy products.4 to 5 servings per day of fruit and 4 to 5 servings per day of vegetables.4 to 5 servings per week of nuts, seeds or legumes.

Our bodies are made up of approximately __ water

60%

Currently, more than 65 percent of American adults are overweight.

65

Henry is a healthy 21-year-old college student who weighs 180 pounds. Calculate his protein needs based on the RDA.

66 grams

In the later part of her first year of college, Lisa is doing well losing some of the weight she put on at the beginning of the school year. Her highest weight was 160 pounds and she now weighs 152 pounds. How many kilograms does Lisa now weigh?

69 kilograms

What is NHANES?

A national survey of diet and health behaviors

Two of the breakdown products of this main energy source are a phosphate group and

ADP

Anorexia nervosa can affect many types of people at various stages of life. Which person is at the highest risk for developing anorexia nervosa?

An adolescent girl who recently started puberty

The genetic characteristic called the "thrifty metabolism" has been theorized to affect longevity. Which of the following most accurately describes the thrifty metabolism concept?

An individual who requires fewer calories for metabolic processes and can store fat easily would be more likely to survive in times of famine than one who doesn't.

Which of the following is true about ripening of fruit?

As fruit ripens on the plant, its nutrient content increases.

How did the rate of obesity among baby boomers differ from that of the previous generation?

Baby boomers had higher rates of obesity than the previous generation.

Food handling methods can affect the nutrient content of vegetables. Which method is best for retaining nutrients in vegetables?

Blanching vegetables (cooking in boiling water for a short period of time)

Based on the results of this study, which of the following dietary changes may help to lower risk of developing colorectal cancers?

Choose fish for dinner instead of beef or poultry once or twice per week; Include plant sources of protein, such as legumes and nuts, in your dietary pattern several times per week.

What is the best way to reduce the risk of foodborne illness from eating sprouts?

Cook sprouts thoroughly before eating them.

The use of additives in food is regulated by

FDA

lignin

Fibrous noncarbohydrate found in whole grains and wheat bran; comprised of a multiringed alcohol structure that makes it nonfermentable

Which of the following are genetic variations that may increase risk for heart disease?

Having abnormally high levels of homocysteine, Having elevated levels of blood cholesterol

Which of the following are recommendations of the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid?

Herbs and spices are part of every meal, Fish and seafood are part of every meal, Moderate portions of poultry and eggs may be included a few times per week, Meals are enjoyed with others

Which of the following is the correct order for the major parts of the gastrointestinal tract?

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

"How much do I need to increase my calorie intake?"

No increase is needed during the first trimester, but consume an additional 350 - 450 kcal per day during the second and third trimesters.

cellulose

Nonfermentable fiber made of straight chains of glucose molecules

hemicellulose

Nonfermentable fiber made of xylose, galactose, glucose, and other monosaccharides

ATP can only fuel your cells for 2-4 seconds. If there were no resupply of ATP available, another high-energy compound

PcR

Justine has a full-time job and three small children. She is interested in learning more about preparing healthy meals for her kids and asks her physician for a referral to a nutrition professional. What is the credential of the nutrition professional who has completed a baccalaureate degree program approved by the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics, performed at least 1200 hours of supervised professional practice, passed a registration examination, and meets continuing education requirements?

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN)

As you peruse the convenience store shelves, which is the best choice to take along to the student recreation center for your workout?

Reusable water bottle filled with tap water

Which of the following are true of phytochemicals?

Some phytochemicals are useful for reducing risk of diseases in humans.Phytochemicals cannot be synthesized in the body.

Why aren't vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbal remedies as tightly regulated by the FDA as are drugs and food additives?

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 classified these items as "foods" as opposed to drugs; foods have less regulation than do drugs.

mucilage

Viscous fiber found primarily in seaweed; consists of galactose, mannose, and other monosaccharide chains

pectin

Viscous fiber with chains of galacturonic acid that is usually found in plant cell walls

The digestive system not only processes the foods we eat but it is also the site of some nutrient production. Which two nutrients are produced by bacteria that live in the large intestine?

Vitamin K & biotin

Refinement of whole grains (e.g., making white flour from whole wheat) strips away the bran and germ, leaving only the endosperm. Which of the following is true about grain products?

Whole wheat bread is higher in vitamin E than white bread.

Energy density is best defined as

a comparison of the kilocalorie content of an individual food or total diet to the weight of the food or total diet.

Which of the following symptoms could indicate that Myeshia has problems digesting milk?

abdominal cramps, Increased intestinal gas production, diarrhea

Leading causes of death NOT related to food in US

accidents, suicide, pneumonia/ influenza, chronic lower respiratory disease

The sweetener __________ is often combined with aspartame in soft drinks; it contains potassium and is marketed as ________.

acesulfame-K, Sunette

insulin

allows cells to take in glucose.

starch

amylose, amylopectin

Which of the following eating disorders is most often characterized by an extreme fear of weight gain?

anorexia nervosa

study where he randomly assigns children in the study to either a regular, normal-caffeine level diet or a high-caffeine diet group and then studies behavior without knowing which group received which diet.

anthropometry

Above 100° C (212°F) most bacteria

are destroyed

You were awake last night until 2:30 AM finishing a project, but your Psychology 101 class meets at 9:00 this morning. When your alarm goes off at 7:30 AM, you consider sleeping those extra 20 minutes it would take to sit down and enjoy breakfast at the dining hall. What's your best time-saving breakfast option?

ask for a banana and yogurt to go

A sweetener that is made by combining the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid with methanol is called ______ and it is marketed as ______.

aspartame, equal

You consume food, and your body converts that food energy to the main energy currency used for cells, called

atp

One cup of ready-to-eat breakfast cereal is roughly the size of

baseball

Percent body fat was measured using

bioelectrical impedance analysis

Omega-3 fatty acids tend to decrease

blood clotting, inflammation in the body

As you build a healthy breakfast, which of the following foods would be a rich source of phytochemicals?

blueberries

Serving sizes on the Nutrition Facts panel are listed in

both household measures and metric units.

Low-sodium food

brown rice, fresh pears, fresh asparagus

As the intensity of exercise increases, the proportion of ______ used to fuel activity increases.

carbohydrates

fiber

cellulose, pectin

A fat-soluble molecule, ________, provides rigidity and stability to the membrane.

cholesterol

In the stomach, food becomes a watery mixture that leaves the stomach a teaspoon at a time into the small intestine and is called _____

chyme

Omega-6 fatty acids increase

clotting, inflammation in the body

A vitamin that combines with and activates an enzyme is known as a(n)

coenzyme.

If a health professional determines that your roommate is suffering from bulimia nervosa, her treatment will likely involve

cognitive behavior therapy

A condition characterized by difficult or infrequent bowel movements is

constipation

What functions of the body are most obviously affected by alcohol?

controlled by the brain

When muscle cells enzymatically reform ATP from ADP and PCr, the byproduc

creatine

Three ounces of meat is equivalent to the size of a

deck of playing cards

Most Americans need to

decrease intake of added sugars. increase intake of fruits. increase intake of fat-free and low-fat dairy products. decrease intake of saturated fats. increase intake of seafood. decrease intake of refined grain products. decrease intake of sodium. increase intake of vegetables. increase intake of whole grains.

Taking megadoses of individual mineral supplements can

decrease the absorption and metabolism of other minerals.

In general, a longer gestational period and greater birth weight

decrease the likelihood of medical problems for the infant.

A person who consumes inadequate dietary protein may be expected to experience

decreased immune function, fluid imbalance, loss of lean body mass

Regular intake of fish provides a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids. Which of the following are health effects of omega-3 fatty acids?

decreased inflammation, decreased blood pressure, decreased blood clotting

What is the potential advantage of caffeine for athletic performance?

decreased percentage of fatigue

High-sodium food

deli meat, canned soup, cheese

Trans fatty acids, also called hydrogenated fats, are found in foods like

doughnuts and French fries

Which indicator of socioeconomic status had the biggest influence on energy density of diets?

education

When dissolved in water, some compounds separate into positively and negatively charged ions, which are called _______

electrolytes

The researchers reported that rates of ______ were lower among baby boomers than among adults of the same age in the previous generation.

emphysema

There are also proteins inside the cell membrane, including ______ that speed up the rate of a chemical process.

enzymes

The study of disease rates that vary among different population groups is called

epidemiology

Do not produce enzymes for carbohydrate digestion

esophagus, stomach, live, gallbladder, large intestine

There are certain unsaturated fatty acids that must be obtained from the diet; these are called _______ and they are found in foods like _______

essential fatty acids' fatty fish, canola, soybean oil

With ideal environmental conditions (water, nutrients, and warm temperature), the reproduction rate of bacteria is

extremely rapid

adipose tissue

fat

Breast milk is a near perfect food for infants, although it does lack some micronutrients that babies need. Breast milk is relatively low in which of the following nutrients?

fluoride, iron, vitamin D

probiotic

food product or supplement containing live bacteria cultures that colonize the large intestine

prebiotic

food product or supplement containing substances that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the large intestine

If produce cannot be eaten soon after harvest, the best way to preserve nutrient content is

freezing

We obtain water in the diet from fluid sources and foods like

fruits and vegetables

A term that refers to the stomach is

gastric

Organic fruits and vegetables must be grown without the use of

genetic engineering. synthetic pesticides. antibiotics.

Blood sugar refers to what molecule circulating in blood?

glucose

Two tablespoons of salad dressing, peanut butter, or margarine is the same size as a

golf ball

Which of the following health conditions is most likely to adversely affect the aging baby boomers?

heart disease

Leading causes of death related to food in US

heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, kidney disease, Alziemers disease

Vitamins can be destroyed by exposure to which of the following?

heat light oxygen

The calorie content of processed meats is typically ______ the calorie content of fresh, unprocessed meats.

higher than

Which of the following are possible nutritional problems associated with consuming excess animal sources of protein?

inadequate intake of dietary fiber, excess intake of saturated fat, excess intake of cholesterol

The analysis showed that the influence of dietary protein intake on mortality risk differed for middle-aged and older adults. Among adults aged 50-65 years, high protein intake was associated with ______ mortality from all causes.

increased

As exercise duration increases, the amount of plasma free fatty acids used for energy

increases

BMI is often used as a screening test because it is

inexpensive and quick

The researchers hypothesize that the link between dietary protein intake and mortality may be mediated by

insulin-like growth factor I.

Substances that are directly added to foods are called

intentional food additives

The stomach produces an important substance called __________, which is important for the absorption of vitamin B-12.

intrinsic factor

"What is a good source of iron for a person following a lactoovovegetarian diet?"

kidney beans

As people age, their tolerance for lactose-containing foods often decreases. What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance associated with aging?

lactose production decreases

By legal definition, a low-fat food has

less than 3 grams of fat per serving.

What factors can damage or reduce vitamins in food?

light, oxygen, heat

Water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of ____ solute concentration to an area of ______ solute concentration.

low, high

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of ______ solute concentration to an area of ______ solute concentration.

low; high

Enzymes assist in the occurrence of reactions by

lowering of activation injury

liver

many vitamins and minerals

Produce enzymes for carbohydrate digestion

mouth, pancreas, small intestine

An athlete who runs for 15 minutes obtains most of her energy from

muscle glycogen

The major quantifiable food safety difference between organic and conventional foods is

organic crops have lower pesticide residues than conventional crops.

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as ______

osmosis

A "baby boomer" is

part of the demographic group born between 1946 and 1964.

Involuntary muscle contractions which move a bolus through the gastrointestinal tract are called

peristalsis

______ refers to the muscular contractions that move food along the gastrointestinal tract.

peristalsis

The cell membrane is a double membrane made of ________ that have their water-soluble heads facing the interior and exterior of the cell.

phospholipids

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the

pituitary gland

High dietary intake of ______ is associated with reductions in blood pressure.

potassium

What happens to protein synthesis when an essential amino acid is in short supply?

protein synthesis is limited

energy yielding nutrients

protein, carbs, fat,

At the base of the stomach is the ____ ______, which controls the rate at which food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine.

pyloric sphincter

The current weight gain recommendations are designed to

reduce maternal postpartum weight retention. control risk for chronic diseases in the mother. support healthy infant birth weight.

According to the study protocol, which of the following are considered to be sugar-sweetened beverages? Check all that apply.

regular soft drinks, sports drinks, fruit drinks

What is the primary role of the kidneys?

remove waste of the body

In human metabolism, an aerobic process is one that

requires oxygen

The oldest alternative sweetener is ______, which in North America is marketed as _________.

saccharin, Sweet'n Low

A fatty acid that contains no carbon-carbon double bonds is called a(n) _____ and tends to be _____ at room temperature.

saturated fatty acid, solid

______ is a temporary condition in which lactase production is decreased in response to another condition, such as intestinal diarrhea.

secondary lactose maldigestion

The helix that forms in a protein chain as a result of hydrogen bonds and other weak forces is an example of

secondary structure of protein

glycogen in the muscle and liver

short term storage of carbohydrate

blood

small amounts of glucose and amino acids

Which of the following factors stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? Check all that apply.

smell of food, taste of food, Distention of the stomach as it fills with food

Active transport of _____ into the cells that line the intestines creates a concentration gradient that results in efficient absorption of water.

sodium

Which cooking methods are best for preserving vitamin content of fresh vegetables?

steaming or stir-frying

In 2008, FDA approved a sweetener derived from a South American shrub called ______; you can purchase this sweetener as a dietary supplement called ______

stevia, sweet leaf

Chemically adding three chlorines to a sucrose molecule creates ________, and you find this artificial sweetener marketed in stores and restaurants as ______

sucralose, splenda

Fluid needs of athletes vary based on

temperature and humidity of the environment. level of physical training. genetics

A fruit serving is 1 cup of fresh fruit, 1 cup of 100% fruit juice, or one-half cup of dried fruit. A small or medium fruit is about the size of a

tennis ball

what is formed If the results of many studies and much data support the original explanation about a relationship between caffeine intake and behavior

theory

Unsaturated fatty acids

these fatty acids decrease blood levels and cholesterol and are liquid at room temperature

Saturated fatty acids

these fatty acids increase blood levels and cholesterol and are solid at room temperature

Why is it advisable to consume foods that provide a variety of vitamins every day?

to prevent nutrient deficiencies

When manufacturers process liquid oil to form solid fats like margarine or shortening, the end product contains _______

trans fatty acids

A fatty acid that contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds is called a(n) _____ and tends to be ____ at room temperature.

unsaturated fatty acid, liquid

non-energy-yeilding nutrients

vitamins, minerals, water

The interior portion of the cell membrane contains the _________ tails.

water-insoluble tails