Nutrition Test 1/2

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a high-fiber diet with a client who has constipation. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the best choice for high-fiber diet?

"my breakfast choice is 1/2 cup of bran cereal"

A nurse is caring for four clients. The nurse should observe which of the following clients for a risk of vitamin B6 deficiency

A client who has chronic alcohol use disorder

An example of an Anion is

Bicarbonate HCO3

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes and is overweight. The client tells the nurse that she wants to start an exercise program. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Determine the clients usual pattern of activity

What is the most important source of riboflavin in the United States?

Milk

An element not found in triglycerides is 1. carbon 2. hydrogen 3. nitrogen 4.oxygen

Nitrogen

A nurse is assisting an adolescent client in the selection of complementary protein sources on the lunch menu. The client is a vegetarian who eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following food items should the nurse recommend.

Peanut butter and jelly enriched bread

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who is on bed rest about foods high in dietary fiber. Which of the following food items should the nurse indicate is the best source of fiber?

Pears with skin

An example of a Cation is

Potassium k+

A vitamin D deficiency is growing children that results in the malformation of skeletal tissue, especially the long bones, is referred as

Rickets

Vitamin C deficiency is associated with

Scurvy

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a mother of a 9-month-old infant regarding appropriate dietary choices. Which of the following observations by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

The infant drinks 2 quarts of whole milk a day

What is the food that is the best source of indispensable amino acid?

Turkey

What is the nutrient that does not provide energy for the body?

a vitamin

Plasma proteins are organic compounds of large molecular size, are mainly made up of

albumin and globulin

The basic building units of proteins are called ______ acids

amino

Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called

amino acids

The body needs linoleic acid for

blood clotting

A toxic level of vitamin D is most likely to result in

calcification of soft tissues

The nutrient that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are:

carbohydrates

The substances that serve as the major vehicles for fat transport in the bloodstream are

chylomicrons

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about nutrition. The client has hypertension and is taking a potassium-wasting diuretic. Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? 1. increase consumption of canned tuna and salmon. 2. Limit intake of dried fruits 3. Avoid cow;s milk 4.consume oranges and bananas

consume oranges and bananas

A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal diseases and must limit proteins intake. Which of the following foods should the nurse plan to include in the client's diet?

eggs

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse indicate as a good source of iron? 1. white bread 2. eggs 3. citrus fruit 4. chocolate

eggs

Minerals are... 1. Organic compounds 2. elements 3. made by plants 4. liquid are room temperature

elements

A molecule of glycogen is composed of hundreds of units of

glucose

The sugar to which all other sugars are converted and the one that circulates in the blood to provide major fuel for the body's cells is:

glucose

Triglycerides are composed of

glycerol and fatty acids

The body's main storage form of carbohydrate is:

glycogen

Compared with the pH in the stomach, the pH in the small intestine is

higher

An example of a food that contains a fructose sugar is:

honey

An example of a gastric secretion is

hydrochloric acid

The antidiuretic (ADH) is synthesized in the 1. kidney 2. pituitary gland 3. hypothalamus 4. blood vessel

hypothalamus

What is the regulatory center for thirst, hunger, body temperature, water balance, and blood pressure? 1. Pituitary gland 2. cerebellum 3. thyroid 4. hypothalamus

hypothalamus

A nurse is reinforcing nutritional teaching with a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions by the nurse is appropriate?

increase protein intake.

The surface of the intestinal wall has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli to

increase the surface area for absorption

Factors that increase the risk of heart disease include

increased stress and obesity

Plasma protein stay... 1. in the ICF 2. in the ECF 3. inside blood vessels 4. in the capillaries

inside the blood vessels

Which of the following foods would be most important to assist with thyroxine synthesis?

iodized table salt

The trace element the body needs to produce antibodies, convert carotene to vitamin A, and form hemoglobin is

iron

The fat-soluble vitamin responsible for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors by the liver is vitamin

k

The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in the food is the

kilocalorie

Ms. J. complains of bloating and abdominal pain after drinking milk or eating ice cream. She may have 1. Lactose intolerance 2. calcium deficiency 3. Vitamin D deficiency 4. phenylalanine intolerance

lactose intolerance

Of the following, the resources of dietary fiber are

lentils and oatmeal

Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in the

liver and muscles

A folic acid deficiency induces a form of anemia called

megalolastic anemia

The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is

metabolism

A food that contains maltose is

molasses

If the excretion of nitrogen exceeds the nitrogen intake, the condition is called

negative nitrgogen balance

A woman who is interested in becoming pregnant should be counseled on healthy eating choices, especially regarding folate-rice foods, which may help prevent

neural tube defects

An element that is contained in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is

nitrogen

Which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density?

nuts

A food that enhances non-heme iron absorption is 1. orange juice 2. white toast 3. olive oil 4. sausage

orange juice

Carbohydrates are nutrients that are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and

oxygen

The disease associated with niacin deficiency is

pellagra

A protein-digesting enzyme found in the stomach rather than in the pancreatic secretions is

pepsin

For a compound to be classified as a vitamin, it must

perform a vital function

Wavelike contractions of muscle fibers of the stomach and intestinal walls are called: 1. segmentation 2. peristalsis 3.metabolism 4. digestion

peristalsis

A gastric enzyme that coagulates the protein in the milk and is produced by infants but NOT by adults is

rennin

An important function of vitamin A is to

rhodopsin (eyes)

The vitamin that is destroyed by light is

riboflavin

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care of a client who is in a long-term care facility. To improve the clients nutritional status, which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse recommend adding to the plan?

serve small frequent meals

The enzymes aminopeptidase and dipeptidase are secreted by the

small intestine

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who wants to increase her daily intake of omega-3 fatty acids. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest the client increase?

soybean oil

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving chemotherapy and is showing manifestations of malnutrition. Which of the following indicates a Vitamin C deficiency

swollen, bleeding gums

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle-age client who is at high risk for osteoporosis and is taking oral calcium gluconate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

take vitamin D supplements.

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive, physical, and emotional rest is called

the basal metabolic rate

Metabolically active tissues in the body include

the heart, kidneys, and liver

An alcoholic is most likely to be deficient in

thiamin

Most fatty acids in plant food are

unsaturated

liver is a rich source of

vitamin A

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has received treatment for kidney stones. The nurse should remind the client to increase intake of which of the following?

water

An important function of sodium is

water balance

A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching with a client about the need to follow a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

yogurt and orange juice