OB CH15

A(n) _________ conflict culture strives to preserve order and control and/or to maintain harmony and interpersonal relationships. a. dominating b. collaborative c. strategic d. avoidant e. passive-aggressive

D

Rather than dealing openly with conflict, a(n) _________ conflict culture resists conflict with tactics such as withholding information or withdrawing from contact with coworkers. a. dominating b. collaborative c. strategic d. avoidant e. passive-aggressive

E

All of the following are mechanisms that can affect the socialization of workers EXCEPT a. reading corporate statements about organization culture. b. observing experienced employees. c. reading corporate pamphlets. d. attending formal training. e. All of these are mechanisms.

E

Which of the following is NOT a common theme of organizational culture? a. being casual or formal b. innovation c. ethics d. collaboration e. All of these are common themes of organizational culture.

E

_________ is the process through which children learn to become adults in a society. a. Entrepreneurship b. Intrapreneurship c. Innovation d. Organizational socialization e. Socialization

E

All of the following statements are true about socialization EXCEPT a. it is usually something that can be accomplished in a day-long new employee orientation program. b. it occurs in organizations in much the same way as it occurs in society. c. it is the process through which individuals learn acceptable behavior. d. socialization programs do not necessarily change employees' values. e. employees who are socialized into an organization usually accept the actual cultural values rather than the formal values of the organization.

A

A(n) _________ innovation continues the technical improvement and extends the applications of other innovations. a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

D

An organization's culture of _________ reflects the extent to which majority members value efforts to increase minority representation, and whether the qualifications and abilities of minority members are questioned. a. diversity b. strategy c. conflict d. inclusion e. multiculturalism

D

Athena's company specializes in the design of tennis ball canisters, making them sturdier, cheaper, and easier to open. This is an example of which type of innovation? a. radical b. incremental c. systems d. entrepreneurial e. strategic

B

In a ______________ culture, employee values and behaviors are consistent with the organization's values, and the culture is resistant to change. a. strong negative b. strong positive c. weak negative d. weak positive e. moderate neutral

B

Which type of innovation is the least common? a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

B

_________ conflict management norms tend to avoid addressing conflict. a. Active b. Passive c. Agreeable d. Disagreeable e. Strategic

B

_________ is the process through which employees learn about their organization's culture. a. Socialization b. Organizational socialization c. Innovation d. Entrepreneurship e. Intrapreneurship

B

_________ values and norms are the preferred values and norms explicitly stated by the organization. a. Enacted b. Espoused c. Artifact d. Assumed e. Formal

B

Ben wants to take advantage of the existing culture of his organization. To do this, Ben must first a. achieve productivity through people. b. empower his employees. c. be fully aware of the culture's values. d. practice hands-on management. e. implement cultural innovations.

C

Culture resists change for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. it is typically communicated through stories and symbols. b. it embodies the basic values in the firm. c. it changes so frequently that employees begin to resist further change. d. it is often taken for granted. e. it involves changing basic assumptions.

C

The profile of an entrepreneur typically includes each of the following EXCEPT a. a focus on concrete results b. a willingness to take risks c. an appreciation for the status quo d. a desire to assume responsibility e. a need for achievement

C

The values that make up organization culture are often ____. a. discussed among employees. b. popularized in the company. c. taken for granted. d. used a strategic planning tool. e. celebrated on a monthly basis.

C

When the gasoline engine was combined with bicycle and carriage technology to create automobiles, that was an example of which kind of innovation? a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

C

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict in a cooperative manner. a. Active b. Passive c. Agreeable d. Disagreeable e. Strategic

C

An organization's culture takes a _________ time to evolve, and it takes a _________ time to change it. a. short, long b. long, short c. short, short d. long, long e. moderate, moderate

D

Because workgroups develop their own subcultures, _________ can be used to build a common cultural foundation. a. mass emails b. instant messaging programs c. bulletin boards d. intranets e. IRC channels

D

In a ______________ culture, employee values and behaviors are consistent with the organization's values, and the culture is receptive to change. a. strong negative b. strong positive c. weak negative d. weak positive e. moderate neutral

D

In a(n) _________ conflict culture, employees actively manage and resolve conflicts cooperatively to find the best solution for all involved parties. a. dominating b. collaborative c. strategic d. avoidant e. passive-aggressive

D

Organization culture can be managed by a. sticking to the knitting. b. conducting in-depth research and evaluation. c. allowing autonomy and entrepreneurship. d. taking advantage of the culture that is already there. e. staying close to the customer.

D

The most common means of developing innovation in the traditional organization is through a. entrepreneurship b. intrapreneurship c. radical innovation d. corporate research e. a chief innovation officer

D

The silent treatment is most common within _________ conflict cultures. a. avoidant b. dominating c. collaborative d. passive-aggressive e. none of these

D

When the culture they observe contradicts the culture formally espoused in corporate pamphlets, new employees come to accept a. a mixture of the two. b. the pamphlets, unless they prefer the observed culture. c. the pamphlets, unless they're really badly written. d. the actual cultural values rather than those formally espoused. e. the actual cultural values rather than those formally espoused, unless the pamphlets are particularly convincing.

D

Which of the following is NOT true about strong cultures? a. they are widely shared b. they clarify appropriate behavior c. they can enhance organizational performance d. they usually reduce organizational performance e. all of these are true of strong cultures

D

Which type of innovation do other innovations often rely on? a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

D

An organization's assumptions are _________ and _________ resistant to change. a. written down, moderately b. explicit, not c. explicit, highly d. implicit, not e. implicit, highly

E

Changing an organization's culture is a(n) _________ process. a. impossible b. quick and easy c. quick but difficult d. long but easy e. long and difficult

E

Intranets with a narrow scope can reinforce a culture of a. wisdom and humility. b. laziness and cheapness. c. focus and operational excellence. d. economy and efficiency. e. secrecy and information hoarding.

E

Intrapreneurship a. is most effective as a rare event in the organization. b. is most effective when it occurs in the research and development department alone. c. occurs both inside and outside the organization. d. gives new organizations an edge over existing organizations. e. is entrepreneurial activity that takes place within the organization.

E

The strength or weakness of a culture reflects the degree to which the culture a. produces year-over-year bottom line growth. b. is consistent with the organization's business strategy. c. is consistent with employee behaviors and values. d. promotes ethical behavior. e. resists change.

E

Which of the following fits the profile of an entrepreneur? a. a need for stability b. low risk tolerance c. an appreciation for the status quo d. caution e. a desire to assume responsibility

E

. In a(n) _________ conflict culture, open confrontations are accepted, as are heated arguments and threats. a. dominating b. collaborative c. strategic d. avoidant e. passive-aggressive

A

Incremental innovations a. are rarely necessary for radical or systems innovations. b. are major breakthroughs that change or create industries. c. occur much less frequently than radical and systems innovations. d. force organizations to continuously improve their products. e. create new functionality by assembling parts in new ways.

D

A company that wants to promote a culture of openness and teamwork should ensure that its intranet has a a. broad scope. b. narrow scope. c. lot of censorship. d. limited update schedule. e. cluttered interface.

A

Evading open discussion of the conflict issue is most common within _____________ conflict cultures. a. avoidant b. dominating c. collaborative d. passive-aggressive e. none of these

A

Organizational culture helps people in an organization understand a. which actions are considered acceptable and which are considered unacceptable. b. why their firm is outperforming the competition. c. how to improve their relations with customers. d. when to best socialize new employees. e. which types of problems are likely to arise in their company.

A

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict openly. a. Active b. Passive c. Agreeable d. Disagreeable e. Strategic

A

_________ values and norms are the values and norms that employees exhibit based on their observations of what actually goes on in the organization. a. Enacted b. Espoused c. Artifact d. Assumed e. Formal

A

A conflict culture is a a. culture that is characterized by a lot of disagreement. b. set of shared norms for managing conflict. c. culture that attempts to avoid conflict as much as possible. d. set of shared norms for avoiding conflict. e. culture that is internally inconsistent.

B

A(n) _________ innovation is a major breakthrough that changes or creates whole industries. a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

B

The internet was an example of which kind of innovation? a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

B

A(n) _________ innovation creates a new functionality by assembling existing parts in new ways. a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

C

A(n) _________ is a physical manifestation of an organization's culture. a. enacted value b. espoused value c. artifact d. assumption e. formal practice

C

Origin stories, ceremonies, rituals, and dress codes are all examples of a. enacted values. b. espoused values. c. artifacts. d. assumptions. e. formal practices.

C

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict in a competitive manner. a. Active b. Passive c. Agreeable d. Disagreeable e. Strategic

D

_________ is a system of shared norms and assumptions that guides organization members' attitudes and behaviors. a. An enacted value b. An espoused value c. An artifact d. Organizational culture e. Diversity

D

_________ is the process of creating and doing new things that are introduced into the marketplace as products, processes, or services. a. Organizational culture b. Intrapreneurship c. Entrepreneurship d. Innovation e. Strategy

D

All of the following statements are true about innovation EXCEPT a. there are many risks associated with being an innovative company. b. innovation is the process of creating and doing new things that are introduced into the marketplace. c. one of the biggest challenges is using innovative technology in a cost-effective manner. d. true organizational innovation is pervasive throughout the organization. e. only small organizations can truly be innovative.

E

What is the most important mechanism of organizational socialization? a. formal training b. observing the behavior of others c. corporate pamphlets d. corporate statements e. none of these

B

Which type of innovation is the most common? a. strategic b. radical c. systems d. incremental e. cultural

D

_________ are those organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they become the core of the company's culture. a. Enacted values b. Espoused values c. Artifacts d. Assumptions e. Formal practices

D

Johnny thinks that changing an organization's culture is like losing weight: It's difficult and it can be done, but the effect is usually temporary. Is Johnny correct? a. Yes, because once a culture is changed, it usually changes back. b. Yes, because once a culture starts to change, it's hard for it to stop changing. c. No, because changing an organization's culture is impossible. d. No, because changing an organization's culture is easy. e. No, because once a culture is changed, it tends to stick.

E