OB Sonography 1- Female Pelvis

if a patient relates a history of normal menses every 28 days, on which day of her cycle should ovulation occur?

14

Until ovulation, ovarian follicles grow at a daily rate of:

2 -3 mm

A mature follicle typically is _________ cm in size right before ovulation

2.0

the normal menstrual cycle occurs every:

28 days

Miss Green field is 73 years old and asymptomatic. she is not on hormone replacement therapy. Her endometrium should not measure more than:

5 mm

The normal size of the menarchal uterus should measure:

8 cm long x 4 cm wide

your patient is 21 years old and is a nulligravida(no preganacies) . Her uterus if normal should measure

8 x 3 x 4 cm

The menstrual cycle is influenced by all of the following EXCEPT

Adrenal Hypothalamus pituitary ovaries

Sonographic features that may be seen with uterine fibroids include:

All of the above Enlarged uterus lobulated uterine contour ovoid or circular masses within the uterus

The term for absence of menses is:

Amenorrhea

When the urinary bladder is empty the uterus is normally

Anteflexed

to what, in the bladder is the arrow pointing?

Anterior reverberation artifact

bending forward of the fundus and body of the uterus is called

Anteversion

the true pelvis includes all of the following structures except:

Bowel

the ligament contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves

Broad ligament

For Doppler evaluation of the uterine artery, isonation at the following level provides the best access to the vessel:

Cervical

The drug of choice most commonly used to induce ovulation is:

Clomid

A patient taking oral contraceptives would not be expected to develop a:

Corpus luteal cyst

which of the following in NOT considered a physiologic condition of the ovary?

Cystadenoma (tumor)

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is produced by the:

Developing placenta

This was discovered during transvaginal evaluation of pelvis. The patient was asymptomatic. You suspect:

Dilated Veins

which of the following is considered the most common gynecologic malignancy in the USA

Endometrial

Endometrial proliferation is stimulated by:

Estrogen

The structure visible within the bladder in the longitudinal scan below most likely represents a/an

Foley catheter

The potential space around the cervix is called the:

Fornix

Which term best describes the appearance of this uterus

Globular

A mature follicle ready for ovulation is referred to as the:

Graafian follicle

Distention of the vagina and uterus with blood at menarche is called:

Hematometrocolpos

In this sagittal transvaginal image of the ovary the arrow is pointing to:

Internal iliac artery

Which vessel provides the best landmark for localizing the ovary?

Internal iliac artery

Which part of the uterus is the least distinctive part?

Isthmus

which part of the uterus is indicated by the arrow?

Isthmus (between body & cervix)

The floor of the pelvis is formed by the:

Levator ani muscles

If a 24 year old female shows a multilayered endometrium measuring 8 mm, she is probably

Mid cycle (mittelschmerz)

which of the following is not considered a layer of the uterus?

Parietalis (muscle)

which phase of the menstrual cycle is this patient in?

Periovulatory ( 3 lines echogenic)

The muscles most frequently mistaken for enlarged ovaries are the

Piriformis

Which is NOT a part of the Fallopian tube

Piriformis (muscle) Interstitial Isthmus Ampulla Infundibulum

Anatomically, the uterus lies _______________ to the urinary bladder and _______________ to the rectum

Posterior, Anterior

Estrogen is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT

Premenstrual Syndrome

Describe the position of the uterus from this transvaginal image

Retroflexed (backwards/retroverted)

Sonographically, how will the uterus of a nulliparous female appear compared to that of a multiparous female?

Smaller

Choose the statement that most accurately describes the anatomic relationships among the ureter, ovary, and iliac vessels:

The ureter and iliac vessels are posterior to the ovary

which of the following structures is located directly anterior to the uterus?

Urinary Bladder

the lavatory ani muscles are seen, transversely, at the level as the:

Vagina

The superficial layer of glans and stroma of the endometrium is called the :

Zona functionalis ( sheds)

A fertilized egg is called the:

Zygote

the widest portion of the fallopian tube is the

ampulla

the structure that lies above the uterovarian ligament, round ligament, and tubovarian vessels is the

fallopian tube

which of the following statements is NOT true of the fallopian tubes?

fallopian tubes are routinely imaged sonographically

what maneuver would best improve the quality of this longitudinal image through the uterus?

fill the bladder

the ovary produces two hormones. Estrogen is secreted by ______________, whereas progesterone is secreted by the ______________

follicles corpus luteum

Doppler waveform of the uterine arterial flow typically show:

high velocity, high resistance pattern

What muscle group may be seen in the false pelvis along the lateral sidewall of the pelvis?

iliopsoas

the arrows in this transverse image points to:

iliopsoas muscle

Fertilization usually occurs

in the ampulla

hypogastric artery is another name for the:

internal iliac artery

all of these statements about the broad ligament are true EXCEPT:

it is a major suspensory ligament for the uterus

the iliac vessels usually lie _____________ to the ovariesf

lateral

To what is the arrow pointing in this transverse image?

left ovary

the left ovarian vein drains into the:

left renal vein

Doppler waveforms of the ovarian arterial flow typically show:

low velocity, low resistance pattern

which of the following muscle groups form the lateral pelvic sidewalls?

obturator internus

the ovary receives its primary blood supply from the:

ovarian artery

the release of an egg from the ruptured follicle is

ovulation

What is the physiologic status of prepuberty?

premenarche

the hormone mainly responsible for premenstrual symptoms and those of early pregnancy is:

progesterone

the endometrium demonstrates the "three-line" sign in the:

proliferative phase

in this longitudinal trans vaginal image, the appearance of the endometrium is best characterized as:

proliferative(starting to build up)

the ligament that occupies space between the layers of another ligament and occurs in front and below the fallopian tube is the:

round ligament

the phase of the menstrual cycle following ovulation is referred to as the :

secretory phase

the ovaries are supported laterally by the:

suspensory ligaments

which of the following about the ovaries is false

the ovaries are attached at the anterior aspect of the broad ligaments (Posterior = correct)

Embryologically, which system develops at the same time as the uterus?

urinary system

the blood supply to the fallopian tube is received by:

uterine and ovarian arteries

the vagina has two sources of blood supply

uterine artery and vaginal artery