OB/GYN
Hypertelorism
What is the term used to describe orbits that are widely spaced apart?
Stimulates release of hormones by the anterior pituitary gland
What is the primary role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone?
Low impedance, low velocity flow
What is the expected blood flow pattern when performing doppler of an endometrial carcinoma?
Hepatomegaly
What is the most common abnormality of the fetal liver?
Physiologic midgut herniation
A 1st trimester ultrasound is performed at 9 weeks gestation and herniation of bowel is demonstrated into the base of the umbilical cord. What does this most likely represent?
Better asses placenta location
A patient presents at 18 weeks gestation for a sonogram. What is a possible reason for performing a transvaginal scan?
Limb-Body wall complex
A sonogram demonstrates a fetus with the abdominal surface connected to the placenta, scoliosis, and no evidence of an umbilical cord. What abnormality does this represent?
Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome
A twin gestation demonstrates a 25% difference in fetal weight between the two gestations. What is the most likely explanation?
Multiparous
A woman who has given birth two or more times
Aneuploidy
Abnormal number of chromosomes.
Maternal Lakes (Venous Lakes)
Anechoic or hypoechoic fluid collections of maternal blood within the placenta
Omphalopagus
Conjoined twins that are attached at the abdomen are referred to as:
Dizygotic twinning
Fraternal twins results from:
Solid, hyperechoic mass in the umbilical cord near its attachment site in the placenta
How does an umbilical cord hemangioma present on ultrasound?
Mittleschmerz
Pain at the time of ovulation/mid-cycle
Dyspareunia
Painful intercourse
Ectopic pregnancy
Patients undergoing gamete intrafallopian tube transfer have increased risk for which of the following?
Fallopian tube lumen
The endometrial cavity is contiguous with which other part of the female pelvis?
Dichorionic
The term that indicates the presence of 2 separate placentas is:
> 4 cm
What criteria is used to classify placentomegaly?
1 to 5
What days of the menstrual cycle correlate with the menstrual phase?
Number of placentas
What does the chorionicity determine about a pregnancy?
Connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles
What is the function of the aqueduct Sylvius?
Cholelithiasis
What is the likely diagnosis if echogenic foci are seen in the right abdomen that produce acoustic shadowing?
B. Holoprosencephaly
What is the most common cause of hypotelorism? A. Trisomy 21 B. Holoprosencephaly
Pyopagus
What is the term for conjoined twins attached at the sacral region?
Rhombencephalon
What is the term used to describe a cystic structure located in the fetal head in an 8 week gestation?
Functional layer
What layer of the endometrium is shed every month during menstruation?
Decidua basalis
What makes up the maternal portion of the placenta?
The syncytiotrophoblast cells produce hCG which keeps the corpus luteum producing progesterone
What signals the corpus luteum to continue to produce progesterone when a fertilized egg is approaching the endometrium?
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
What term is used to describe fluid in he peritoneal cavity that contains septations, debris, and membranous components?
Monochorionic Monoamniotic Pregnancy
What type of twin gestation is most likely to incur complications?
Twin membrane separating gestations that terminates at the junction of the placentas in a perpendicular formation
When scanning a twin gestation, what is the appearance of the T sign?
Spiral Arteries
Which arteries in the uterus feed the functional layer of the endometrium?
Bicornuate uterus
Which of the following best describes a uterus that has two separate endometrial canals but a single cervix?
Hypothyroidism
Which of the following causes of abnormal uterine bleeding is most likely to result in hypomenorrhea?
Kidneys
Which other organ(s) should be interrogated if uterine anomalies are demonstrated?
They have elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels from ovulation induction
Why are assisted reproduction patients prone to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?
It produces estrogen
Why does an ovarian thecoma have the potential to cause endometrial thickening?
The ovaries stop producing estrogen and progesterone which halts the cycle.
Why does menstruation cease at menopause?
Menorrhagia
heavy bleeding during menstruation
Dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
The presence of Holoprosencephaly and abnormal facies along with cyclopia and polydactyly.
Criteria of a simple cyst
What do the STAR criteria refer to?
Prune Belly Syndrome
Which of the following disorders results from persistent bladder outlet obstruction?
Fetuses present with cystic hygroma
Which of the following is consistent with a finding of Turner Syndrome?
Normal endometrial thickness measurements will vary depending on the type of HRT used.
Why is it important to document the type of hormone replacement a patient is taking prior to completing their sonogram?
Fetal Goiter
A fetal sonogram demonstrated a heterogenous mass on the anterior neck. Maternal history included an iodine deficiency. What is the most likely differential for this finding?
Thanatophoric Dysplasia
A fetal sonogram demonstrates a cloverleaf-shaped skull, hydrocephalus, and telephone receiver-shaped long bones. What skeletal dysplasia is most likely?
Bladder Exstrophy
A fetal sonogram reveals a lower abdominal wall mass inferior to the umbilicus, absence of the urinary bladder, and normal amniotic fluid. What disorder does this represent?
Holoprosencephaly
A fetal ultrasound demonstrated ethmocephaly, cyclopia, and cleft palate. Which of the following disorders is most likely?
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
A fetal ultrasound demonstrates a large protruding tongue, hepatoblastoma, and an omphalocele. What syndrome does this represent?
Fibroid tumors invading the endometrial cavity
A patient presents with abnormal uterine bleeding. What is the most common cause?
Left ectopic pregnancy
A patient presents with acute left pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, low hCG for gestational age, and low hematocrit. Sonography demonstrates a small, irregular shaped cystic area in the endometrial canal, an adnexal ring sign in the left adnexa, and free fluid in the cul-de-sacs and adnexas. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Ventricular septal defect
What is the most common cardiac defect?
Less penetration is required as structures are closer to the transducer
Why endovaginal transducers utilize higher frequency ranges than transabdominal transducers?
Maternal platelet disorders
What is the most common risk factor for intracranial hemorrhage in utero?
It becomes the corpus luteum, produces progesterone, preparing the endometrium for implantation
What happens to the dominant follicle during the luteal phase?
Sagittal and coronal views of the left abdomen/chest
What imaging plane(s) is best for demonstrating a Bochdalek hernia?
A single zygote that splits
Monozygotic twins result from:
Drop in estrogen and progesterone
What causes menses to start?
Hamburger Sign
What sonographic sign indicates a female fetus?
Diminished blood flow along with enlarged hypoechoic ovary with peripheral follicles.
Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of ovarian torsion?
Omphalocele containing only bowel
Which of the following is most likely to correlate with chromosomal abnormalities?
Biparietal Diameter (BPD)
Which of the following measurements is only used in the first trimester?
Gestational trophoblast disease
Which of the following pathologies has clinical presentation that includes hyperemesis, extremely elevated hCG, enlarged uterus, and heavy vaginal bleeding?
Breast cancer patient taking tamoxifen
Which of the following patients has an increased risk for developing endometrial hyperplasia?
Intrauterine Contraceptive Device
Which of the following presents on ultrasound with an entrance and exit echo?
Chorionic villi sampling
Which of the following procedures can determine fetal karyotype at the earliest gestational age?
Meckel-Gruber Syndrome
Which of the following syndromes is associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, occipital encephalocele, and polydactyly?
Anteverted
Which of the following terms describes a straight uterus that tilts forward in the body forming a 90 degree angle with the vagina?
Gastroschisis
A fetus is shown to have bowel floating around in the amniotic fluid herniated through a defect on the right side of a normal cord insertion. What is the likely diagnosis?
6/8
A patient is scanned for a biophysical profile (BPP). The fetus demonstrates 3 gross movements, 1 episode of tone, absent fetal breathing, and largest vertical pocket measurement of 4 cm. What is the BPP score?
Tubo-ovarian Abscess
A patient presented with pelvic pain, infertility, and a palpable right adnexal mass. Sonography demonstrated a multicystic complex right adnexal mass with dirty shadowing and bilateral hydrosalpinx. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Ovulation
A patient presents with mittelschmerz. Sonography demonstrated a small amount of free fluid in the right adnexa. What is the likely cause?
Infants and Children
Endovaginal sonography is contraindicated for which of the following patient populations?
Moderate indentations in the chorionic plate with "comma-like" calcifications in the placenta
What defines a Grade II placenta?
A cystic hygroma has a midline thick fibrous band of tissue dividing it into two separate spaces.
What distinguishes a cystic hygroma from a nuchal thickening?
CRL must be between 40 mm - 80 mm at time of exam
Which of the following is false with respect to the nuchal translucency (NT) exam?
Preeclampsia and anemia
Which of the following maternal problems is at increased risk for mothers expecting multiple gestations?
Mean Sac Diameter
Which of the following measurements is used to estimate gestational age in the 1st trimester?
3D sonography
Which of the following noninvasive procedures has a 90% accuracy rate for detecting uterine malformation?
Ovarian Torsion
Which of the following pathologies is most likely to be demonstrated in a 12-year-old female patient?
Nuchal Translucency
Which of the following tests can only be performed between 11 and 14 weeks gestation?
Endodermal sinus tumor
Which of the following tumors is composed of germ cells and patients present with elevated AFP?
Alobar Holoprosencephaly
A fetus demonstrated to have a horseshoe shaped monoventricle, fused thalami, and absent flax. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
A patient presents with a history of PID, RUQ pain, fluid in Morrison's Pouch, and elevated liver enzymes. Sonography of the RUQ reveals adhesions between the liver and right hemi-diaphragm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
A patient presents with a history of hirsutism, amenorrhea, and enlarged ovaries. What should the sonographer be looking for on the exam?
High risk for Down Syndrome
A patient presents with a nuchal fold measurement of 8 mm. What does this result indicate?
Cryptomenorrhea
A patient presents with monthly symptoms of menstruation but does not have any bleeding. What is the term used to describe this condition?
Endometrial Hyperplasia
A patient with PCOS presents with abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial measurement is 21 mm, and the endometrium demonstrates tiny cystic areas. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Bilateral renal agenesis, inadequately functioning kidneys, or obstruction of the urinary tract can lead to which of the following?
Irregular menstrual bleeding between periods
What does the term metrorrhagia refer to?
Turner Syndrome
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is associated with which of the following?
Pyometra
What is the term used to describe pus in the endometrial cavity?
Hormonal imbalances resulting in endometrial changes
What is the typical cause of dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
Ovulation induction or in vitro fertilization
What is the typical cause of quadruplet pregnancy?
Thickened heterogeneous endometrium with cystic changes
What is the typical sonographic appearance of an endometrium for a patient taking tamoxifen?
Occipitofrontal diameter
What measurement can be used in conjunction with the biparietal diameter to give a "shape-corrected" BPD?
BPD, HC, AC, FL
What measurements are correlated to determine an estimated fetal weight?
Chorionic villus
What part of the blastocyst implants in the endometrium during implantation?
Aortic Outflow Tract
Which imaging plane of the fetal heart is best for assessing continuity of the interventricular septum and aortic valve?
Spina Bifida Occulta
Which of the following disorders will demonstrate a normal MSAFP value?
Sonohysterogram
Which of the following exams would require surgical asepsis to be practiced?
Monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy
What does the T Sign represent?
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
What renal anomaly is caused by obstruction of the fetal ureter, usually in the 1st trimester?
Lack of circulating estrogen in the blood
What is the cause for increased risk for coronary artery disease and osteoporosis after menopause?
Double sac sign
What is the first definitive sonographic sign of an intrauterine pregnancy?
Septate Uterus
What is the most common Mullerian duct abnormality?
Pentalogy of Cantrell
Which of the following disorders includes omphalocele, ectopia cordis, cleft sternum, diaphragmatic hernia, and pericardial defects?
Dysgerminoma
Which ovarian tumor presents with elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and precocious puberty if it presents in a child?
Broad ligaments and suspensory ligaments of the ovary
Which pelvic ligaments are not true ligaments but are actually double folds of peritoneum?
Appendicitis
A 23 week pregnant patient presents with RLQ pain, fever, nausea, and leukocytosis. The fetus is normal. What else should be considered as a cause for the pain?
Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor
A 25-year-old patient presented with hirsutism and abnormal periods. Sonography demonstrated a solid, complex ovarian mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Down Syndrome
A 38-year-old patient presents for routine ultrasound; Triple screen showed low maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP), elevated hCG, and low estriol. Sonographic findings included absent nasal bone, macroglossia, and clinodactyly. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Thecoma
A 60-year-old female patient presents with elevated estrogen levels, ovarian tumor, ascites, and pleural effusion. What is the most likely diagnosis for the ovarian tumor?
Placenta Percreta
A G2P1 patient presents with a history of previous cesarean section. Sonography demonstrates loss of the normal interface between the placenta and the myometrium and what appears to be placenta along the maternal bladder wall. What does this represent?
Uteropelvic Junction Obstruction
A fetal sonogram demonstrates a normal left kidney but the right has a severely dilated renal pelvis and dilated proximal ureter. The rest of the urinary system is normal. What is the most likely cause?
Vasa Previa
A sonogram demonstrates a placental cord insertion at the edge of the placenta with the vessels lying over the internal os. What is the disorder?
Usually normal sonogram
Amniocentesis shows a fetus with a 47 XXY karyotype. What abnormalities may be demonstrated sonographically on the routine sonogram?
> 22 weeks gestation
At what gestation age is the nuchal fold measurement no longer of analytic utility?
> 12 weeks
At what gestational age should abdominal wall defects be visualized?
16 weeks gestation
At what gestational age should physiologic bowel herniation be resolved?
16 Weeks
At what gestational age should the amnion and chorion be fused?
15 weeks
At what gestational age should the kidneys always be visualized on transabdominal sonography?
14 weeks
At what gestational age should the stomach always be visualized?
After Day 8
At what time during development must division of an egg take place for a monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy to occur?
Malformation
Defined as a structural abnormality that results from unusual development
Compared to the echogenicity of the pelvic bones
How is the level of echogenicity of bowel determined?
3
How many ossification centers should be present for each vertebra?
20%
How often is a two-vessel cord associated with other abnormalities?
Monozygotic Twinning
Identical twins result from:
Weeks 13-26
The 2nd trimester is considered which of the following?
Follicular Phase and Luteal Phase
The ovarian cycle consist of the:
Levator Ani
Weakness in which of the following muscles leads to prolapse of the uterus?
Fundus, corpus, isthmus, and cervix
What are the 4 major divisions of the uterus?
Complete Previa
What classification of placenta previa describes a placenta that symmetrically covers the internal os?
Iliopsoas
What pelvic muscle is often mistaken for the bowel?
Only leiomyosarcoma will be singular
Which of the following is a false statement with respect to differentiating the appearance of a leiomyosarcoma from that of a leiomyoma?
Macroglossia
Which of the following is commonly associated with Beckwith-Weidemann Syndrome?
Test for fetal lung maturity
Which of the following is not a typical use of amniocentesis in the 3rd trimester?
Evaluation of dysmenorrhea
Which of the following is not an indication for pelvic sonogram?
Omphalocele
Which of the following is often associated with chromosomal abnormalities and ascites?
Molar Pregnancy
Which of the following is often found with a triploid fetus?
Down Syndrome.
Which of the following is often linked to microtia?
The cerebellum is a bilobed structure that is shaped like a dumbbell in the posterior fossa of the cranium
Which of the following is true with respect to the cerebellum?
The placenta produces progesterone to maintain the corpus luteum
Which of the following statements with respect to the placenta is false?
Amnionicity
Which term related the number of amniotic sacs?
Chorionicity
Which term relates the number of placentas?
Brachycephaly
Which terms describes a fetal head that is very round (short and wide)?
Straight Arteries
Which uterine arteries can be demonstrated in the periphery of the uterus in a multigravida patient?
Trisomy
A cell having 3 copies of an individual chromosome
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
A fetal heart sonogram demonstrates a small left ventricle, aortic stenosis, and absent mitral valve. What do these findings suggest?
Ductus Arteriosus
A fetal shunt that connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch.
Ductus Venosus
A fetal shunt that connects the umbilical vein to the IVC
Cystic adenomatoid malformation
A fetus is demonstrated to have a mass in the lung that has both cystic and solid components. Pleural effusion is also present. What disorder is indicated?
Gartner duct cyst
A sonogram demonstrates a simple cystic mass altering the contour of the vagina and bladder. What does this most likely represent?
Hemorrhagic Corpus luteal cyst
A patient presents for a dating ultrasound at 7 weeks gestation with RLQ pain and a palpable right adnexal mass. Sonography demonstrates an intrauterine pregnancy and an ovarian cyst with a thickened wall and internal echoes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Hydrocephalus
A patient presents with a lateral ventricle measurement of 22 mm, dangling choroid, and the BPD and HC measure 3 weeks greater than the gestational age. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
The most common chromosomal abnormality with duodenal atresia, absent nasal bones, brachycephaly, and macroglossia.
Choroid Plexus
Which part of the brain produces cerebrospinal fluid?
A uterus that tilts to the right.
What does the term 'dextroverted uterus' describe?
Interatrial Septum
What heart structure contains a natural opening to allow blood to shunt from the right side of the heart to the left side of the heart in the fetus?
Sagittal midline image through the fetal face
What imaging plane is best to demonstrate absence of the nasal bone?
Transverse abdomen just superior to the kidneys
What imaging plane will best demonstrate the abdominal cord insertion to rule out abdominal wall abnormalities?
External os of cervix
What part of the uterus enveloped by the vagina?
Monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy (MM)
What type of twinning is most likely to result in conjoined twins?
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Which malignant ovarian tumor is often associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei?
Myometrial contractions in the lower uterine segment
Which of the following can cause a false-positive diagnosis for placenta previa?
Corpus Luteum
Which of the following describes a thick-walled cystic mass with internal echoes that was demonstrated on day 20 of the menstrual cycle and resolved by day 5 of the following cycle?
Previous cesarean sections
Which patient population has a predisposition for placenta previa?
Sonohysterogram with color doppler
A 30-year-old patient presents with intermenstrual bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasound reveals a mass within endometrial canal. What test can be used to further differentiate the mass?
Anencephaly
A G1P0 patient presents for nuchal translucency ultrasound at 12 weeks gestation. She commented to the tech that she was already feeling fetal movement. MSAFP bloodwork was elevated. What will likely be demonstrated on ultrasound?
Left Ovarian Cyst
A female fetus presents with a cystic mass in the left pelvis. The bladder and both kidneys are normal as is the amniotic fluid. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy
What does the twin peak sign indicate about pregnancy?
Frank breech
What fetal presentation is observed if the fetal buttocks are at the cervix and the legs are extended in front of the fetal face?
Anterior surface of the uterus and posterior surface of the bladder
What parts of the female pelvis define the vesicouterine space?
Evaluation of suspected ectopic pregnancy
Which of the following is an indication for a first-trimester sonogram?
Imperforate Hymen
A patient presents with amenorrhea, cyclic abdominal pain, and an enlarged uterus. Sonography demonstrates hydrometrocolpos. What is the most likely cause?
Single yolk-sac with two fetal poles
On a 7 week sonogram, the presence of which of the following structures confirms a monoamniotic twin pregnancy?
Asherman Syndrome
An infertility patient presents with hypomenorrhea. Sonohysterography demonstrates endometrial septations. What is this most indicative of?
GI Obstruction
If echogenic bowel is diagnosed, what other abnormalities should be investigated?
Onset of puberty prior to age 8
What does precocious puberty describe?
Pouch of Douglas
Where is free fluid most likely to collect in the female pelvis?
Posterior to the urinary bladder
Where would you see enhancement on a normal transabdominal sonogram?
Ovary
Which part of the female pelvis has a dual blood supply?
Amniotic Band Syndrome
A 3D ultrasound is performed on a 30-week fetus. Facial clefting is demonstrated and the left arm demonstrates an abnormal hand. What disorder is likely the cause?
Menopause
A 49-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of night sweats, dyspareunia, hot flashes, and a decrease in libido. What is the most likely cause?
Ambiguous Genitalia
A condition in which the newborn's external genitalia are neither recognizably male nor female.
Chorioangioma
A patient presents with an elevation in the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Sonography demonstrates a normal fetus and a solid hypoechoic mass within the placenta. What is the likely diagnosis?
Submucosal Leiomyoma
A patient presents with an enlarged bulky uterus and menorrhagia. Which of the following is most likely to be the cause?
Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID)
A patient presents with fever, leukocytosis, purulent vaginal discharge, and dyspareunia. On ultrasound, the uterus was ill-defined and the endometrium appeared irregular and thickened. What is the most likely diagnosis?
C. Trisomy 21
An echogenic focus is demonstrated in the left ventricle of the fetal heart. What is this most likely associated with? A. Turner Syndrome B. Trisomy 13 C. Trisomy 21
Atrialized right ventricle
If Ebstein anomaly is present in the fetus, what sonographic finding will be demonstrated?
Morrison Pouch
If a patient presents with free fluid in the pelvic spaces, where else should the sonographer interrogate?
Tracheoesophageal fistula
If esophageal atresia is diagnosed, what tracheal abnormality may also be present?
Esophageal or duodenal atresia
If polyhydramnios is demonstrated on fetal ultrasound, what gastrointestinal abnormalities are most likely?
Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome)
Second most common chromosomal abnormality with strawberry-shaped skull, choroid plexus cyst, micrognathia, rockerbottom feet, and omphalocele.
Turner Syndrome (Monosomy X)
The most common disorder of sex development is?
Absent sacrum, clubfeet
What are the sonographic features of caudal regression syndrome?
Infertility
What is a possible complication of chronic PID?
Anorectal Atresia
What is the most common cause of fetal bowel obstruction?
Pregnancy
What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?
Sagittal spine
Which imaging plane will best demonstrate fetal kyphosis?
Patau Syndrome
Which of the chromosomal abnormalities often presents with an inconclusive triple screen with sonographic features of holoprosencephaly and facial anomalies?
<15 ml volume, hypoechoic to myometrium with multiple anechoic follicles
Which of the following best describes the normal appearance of a normal ovary?
Caudal Regression Syndrome
Which of the following disorders is associated with uncontrolled pre-gestational maternal diabetes?
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Which of the following disorders occurs due to the abnormal development of the endocardial cushion?
Anembryonic pregnancy
Which of the following disorders presents with vaginal bleeding, low hCG, decreased symptoms of pregnancy, and a poor decidual reaction with an empty gestational sac?
Ectopia Cordis
Which of the following heart anomalies is associated with pentalogy of Cantrell?
D. Splaying of the vertebral laminae is easiest to demonstrate on a sagittal image of the spine.
Which of the following is a false statement with respect to spina bifida? A. Spina bifida cystica may demonstrate a lumbar myelocele on a sagittal image of the fetal spine. B. Spina bifida occulta can be difficult to demonstrate on sonography as the defect is covered with skin. C. If a meningomyelocele is present, sonography will demonstrate a protrusion containing meninges and nerves. D. Splaying of the vertebral laminae is easiest to demonstrate on a sagittal image of the spine.
Heterozygous Achondroplasia
Which of the following is a nonlethal skeletal dysplasia that presents with rhizomelia, macrocrania, frontal bossing, and trident hands?
Utilization of and intrauterine contraceptive device
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Endometrioma
Which pelvic mass presents sonographically as a cystic mass with homogenous low-level internal echoes?
Levator Ani and Coccygeus
Which pelvic muscles supply support to the pelvic organs?
Piriformis
Which pelvis muscle group is most often mistaken for ovaries?
Space of Retzius
Which potential space lies between the urinary bladder and the pubic symphysis?
Biophysical Profile
Which sonographic exam is used to assess fetal hypoxia?
Twin gestation, where one gestation is implanted in the uterus and the other has an ectopic implantation
What is a heterotopic pregnancy?
Trisomy
What is the term used to describe a disorder where there is an extra copy of a chromosome?
Stuck Twin
What is the term used to describe a twin that is in close association with the uterus wall?
Nuchal Cord
What is the term used to describe an umbilical cord that is around the fetal neck?