OCC ENG 1500 Mr.Cox
A clause must contain a predicate, which is the part of the clause in which the subject is located. TRUE or FALSE
False
fragment or a simple sentence. Sprinting through the savannah after prey.
Fragment
fragment or a simple sentence. The colorful clouds just before sunset.
Fragment
fragment or a simple sentence. Unlike my best friend's car.
Fragment
ing verbs functioning as nouns (running is a form of exercise)
Gerunds
Which of the following groups of words are clauses? I do whenever my dog rides in a car until next week once upon a time
I do whenever my dog rides in a car
Identify the compound-complex sentences. (Choose all that apply.) I love attending the cinema because I love to see films on the giant screen, but I hate sitting in the front row! Because phrases do not affect sentence structure, any sentence can have phrases added to it without changing its structure; however, adding or subtracting clauses can change a sentence's structure. The parts of speech are hard to learn, but understanding them is an important part of language comprehension. Wherever I go, I bring a water bottle and my wallet.
I love attending the cinema because I love to see films on the giant screen, but I hate sitting in the front row! Because phrases do not affect sentence structure, any sentence can have phrases added to it without changing its structure; however, adding or subtracting clauses can change a sentence's structure.
A complete thought
Independent Clause
A complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence
Independent Clause
As they appear in the following sentence, match each part of the sentence with its correct label. The barista sold an overpriced cup of coffee to a customer. a customer
Indirect Object
Expresses who or what receives or is affected by the direct object in a clause; it appears in many sentences, but it is not a necessary part of all sentences
Indirect Object
the basic form of a verb plus "to" and functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb (we wanted to leave)
Infinitives
Used to express spontaneous reaction, feeling, demand, or command, usually used as an exclamation or interruption (whoa, wow, hurray, etc.)
Interjection
Choose the option that corrects the following compound-complex sentence's errors. Because there is no air on the moon there is nothing to resist a falling object so dropping a feather and a hammer at the same time leads to them hitting the lunar surface at the same time.
There are two errors: a comma should be placed after "moon" since the sentence begins with a dependent clause, and a comma should be placed after "object" because a comma must appear with the coordinating conjunction "so" to join the two independent clauses.
A clause must contain a predicate, which must contain a verb. A predicate can also contain direct objects, indirect objects, and other information, but it can never contain a subject. TRUE or FALSE
True
A complex sentence must contain only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The dependent clause(s) in a complex sentence can be subordinate clauses (which start with a subordinating conjunction) and/or relative clauses (which start with a relative pronoun). True or False
True
A compound-complex sentence is essentially a combination of a compound sentence and a complex sentence, meaning it must contain at least two independent clauses (which is like a compound sentence) and at least one dependent clause (which, in combination with one of the independent clauses, is like a complex sentence). TRUE OR FALSE
True
A fragment is a form of incomplete sentence because, although it may be punctuated correctly and begin with a capital letter, it is not a complete thought. TRUE OR FALSE
True
A simple sentence is often made from a simple subject and a simple predicate. But it can also contain a compound subject (two or more subjects within a single clause), a compound predicate (two or more predicates, each with their own verb, within a single clause), or both. However, no matter the type of subject or predicate, they must be part of a single independent clause for it to be considered a simple sentence. TRUE OR FALSE
True
A simple sentence may contain many phrases, but it can only include one independent clause, and it cannot include any dependent clauses. TRUE OR FALSE
True
A subject-verb unit is a grammatical unit in which a the subject of a clause is linked with a verb or verb-phrase that the subject does, has done, or will do, or demonstrates the state of a subject (as in to be verbs, like is, was, has been, etc). Since a subject-verb unit is necessary for a complete thought, every sentence contains at least one subject-verb unit TRUE OR FALSE
True
Dependent clauses typically include a signal word that shows they are dependent on more information (that is, an independent clause) to be a complete thought. These signal words are often subordinate conjunctions, like although, while, whenever, if, etc. Below is an example of a sentence with a dependent clause that includes a subordinate conjunction. Because they include both images and text, comics often do not need words to describe locations or objects. TRUE OR FALSE
True
Even though each type of dependent clause is an incomplete thoughts, they still must contain a subject-verb unit. TRUE OR FALSE
True
If a subordinating conjunction is added to the beginning of an independent clause, that clause will become a dependent clause. TRUE OR FALSE
True
Some words, even though spelled the same, can have different functions depending on their location in a sentence; therefore, some words can be classified in more than one part of speech. TRUE or FALSE
True
The essential part of a predicate is the verb; a predicate cannot exist without a verb, but it can exist with only a verb and no other words in it. TRUE OR FALSE
True
The four sentence types are determined by the type(s) and number of clauses that they contain: a simple sentence contains only one independent clause, a compound sentence contains at least two independent clauses, a complex sentence contains only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause, and a compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. TRUE OR FALSE
True
The parts of speech are "categories" or "types" of words based on their function within a sentence; they include nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. TRUE or FALSE
True
The two primary categories of clauses are "independent clauses" and "dependent clauses." TRUE OR FALSE
True
As they appear in the following sentence, match each part of the sentence with its correct label. The barista sold an overpriced cup of coffee to a customer. sold
Verb
Show actions (breaks), states of being (was, is, will be), or occurrences (became); includes multiple forms (called "tenses") to provide temporal information, such as past (wandered), present (wanders), and future (will wander)
Verb
What is the word "Struggling" used as Noun, Verb, or Adjective I was struggling to open the pickle jar.
Verb (in the form of the present continuous tense with a helping verb)
Identify the complex sentences. (Choose all that apply.) Whenever I set an alarm to wake up in the morning, I awaken before it goes off. The option that answers the question best should be chosen. The U.S. women's national soccer team could not win the 2023 World Cup tournament because they were defeated by Sweden. Many sports can be dangerous, but they also offer plenty of benefits.
Whenever I set an alarm to wake up in the morning, I awaken before it goes off. The option that answers the question best should be chosen. The U.S. women's national soccer team could not win the 2023 World Cup tournament because they were defeated by Sweden.
Which of the following sentences contain a dependent clause? (Choose all that apply.) The Godfather is frequently ranked in lists of the top ten best films ever made. Clemantine survived years as a refugee, but that period of her life was extremely difficult. Whenever we go on vacation, my dad makes us go on a hike. I love writing fiction because it allows me to create anything I want.
Whenever we go on vacation, my dad makes us go on a hike. I love writing fiction because it allows me to create anything I want.
Which sentence contains a subordinate clause? The Olympics are supposed to be exciting, but I find many of the competitions to be boring. Are you going to be home early? "I know the perfect place," she said. While the family was on vacation, their dogs destroyed their furniture.
While the family was on vacation, their dogs destroyed their furniture.
Identify the sentence fragments. (Choose all that apply.) Winning the biggest match of the year. Whether you like it or not. I am. A beautiful painting upon the wall of a museum.
Winning the biggest match of the year. Whether you like it or not. A beautiful painting upon the wall of a museum.
Yoda (a Star Wars character) speaks in an unusual way. He employs a rhetorical device call "anastrophe," meaning his syntax is abnormal; that is, the way he arranges words in his sentences is different than the average person (he moves around subjects, verbs, and objects). In the following sentence of dialogue spoken by Yoda, identify the subject. "Patience you must have."
You
Identify the subject of the following simple sentence. Once upon a time, a blonde girl broke into a house belonging to a family of bears.
a blonde girl
Identify the direct object in the following sentence. The actor signed a picture for his biggest fan.
a picture
Select all of the adjectives in the following sentence. Twelve candles are in a large chocolate cake.
chocolate twelve large
Which of the following groups of words are phrases? the bear wandered home whenever I go shopping during the last week of the semester once upon a time
during the last week of the semester once upon a time
Identify all of the prepositions in the following sentence. After dinner, collect the old orange basketball from the shelf below the trophies.
from below after
Identify the indirect object in the following sentence. The actor signed a picture for his biggest fan.
his biggest fan
What is the verb in the following sentence? The cat slept alone.
slept
Identify the independent clauses. (Choose all that apply.) while my mother is away on business the walrus is lonely I do if you submit your assignment by the deadline
the walrus is lonely I do
Identify the dependent clauses. (Choose all that apply.) Darth Vader reveals a long-kept secret "Cramming" is not the most effective way to study whichever shirt you choose because you beat me in the race
whichever shirt you choose because you beat me in the race
An incomplete thought due to a subordinating conjunction
Dependent Clause (Subordinate)
As they appear in the following sentence, match each part of the sentence with its correct label. The barista sold an overpriced cup of coffee to a customer. an overpriced cup of coffee
Direct Object
Expresses who or what receives or is affected by the action of a verb in a clause; it appears in many sentences, but it is not a necessary part of all sentences
Direct Object
fragment or a simple sentence. The cow jumped over the moon.
Simple Sentence
What tense is this in? Hopefully, we will achieve peace one day.
Simple future tense
What tense is this in? I hated the sequel to my favorite video game.
Simple past tense
What tense is this in? My dog loves carrots.
Simple present tense
Identify the sentences that include a non-essential relative clause. (Choose all that apply.) Smoking cigarettes, which may lead to high healthcare costs, has become less popular over the last few decades. The bear that attacked my campsite could not be found by the wildlife officials. I quit going to the theater because too many people chew popcorn and candy like rabid hyenas. My son, who is also my best friend, will be coming over for family movie night.
Smoking cigarettes, which may lead to high healthcare costs, has become less popular over the last few decades. My son, who is also my best friend, will be coming over for family movie night.
As they appear in the following sentence, correctly identify the subject and the predicate. A healthy human body depends on water. A healthy human body
Subject
As they appear in the following sentence, match each part of the sentence with its correct label. The barista sold an overpriced cup of coffee to a customer. The barista
Subject
Expresses who or what a clause is about; it is one of the two parts of a sentence that a complete sentence must contain to express a complete thought
Subject
Identify all of the sentences that include a compound subject.
The Lions and the Tigers are professional sports teams based in Detroit. Samuel L. Jackson, Cate Blanchett, and Toshirô Mifune have starred in an incredible variety of films and are highly respected actors.
Which sentence contains an essential relative clause? The woodpecker that wakes me up early every morning is going to pay! I decided to buy out the lease on my car, which doesn't have many miles on it. The water, which has been purified, is in the carafe near the milk. Worf is a great Klingon, but General Martok is my favorite.
The woodpecker that wakes me up early every morning is going to pay!
Modifies nouns by adding description of qualities (ugly, beautiful, stringy, bland, tall, orange, etc.) or quantity (very, many, some, few, eight), as well as comparisons (more, less, fewer, better, worse, greater, quicker, sadder, etc.) and superlatives (most, least, fewest, best, worst, greatest, quickest, saddest)
Adjective
What is the word "Struggling" used as Noun, Verb, or Adjective The struggling child would have drowned if the lifeguard hadn't come to the rescue
Adjective (in the form of a present participle)
Modifies adjectives, verbs, other adverbs, phrases, and clauses (usually by expressing a relationship to place, time, manner, cause, degree, etc.); they offer information like where something happens (below), when it happens (always), how it happens (quickly), and to what extent it happens (extremely)
Adverb
What is a fragment?
An incomplete sentence
Identify all of the sentences that include a compound predicate.
As part of his famous 12 Labors, Herakles slayed a monster called the Lernean Hydra and collected the golden apples of Hesperides. The doctor diagnosed my rare disease, prescribed medication to treat it, and requested a checkup next week.
How can the following two simple sentences be joined into a compound sentence? (Choose all that apply.) A good writer must write a lot. They must read even more.
A good writer must write a lot, and they must read even more. A good writer must write a lot, and read even more. A good writer must write a lot; they must read even more.
Identify types of fragments. (Choose all that apply.) A lone phrase treated as a sentence. A sentence of only two words, like, "I do." A group of words lacking a subject-verb unit. A lone dependent clause treated as a sentence.
A lone phrase treated as a sentence. A group of words lacking a subject-verb unit. A lone dependent clause treated as a sentence.
An incomplete thought due to a relative pronoun; it must be divided from the rest of the sentence with commas because it is additional/unnecessary information
Dependent Clause (Non-Essential Relative)
What is the definition of a simple sentence?
A sentence containing a single independent clause and no other clauses.
Which sentence contains a non-essential relative clause? Brian de Palma, who directed Carrie, is most famous for his adaptation of Scarface. Suzanne Collins' Hunger Games trilogy is incredibly popular, and now the prequel book is being made into a movie. Whenever I leave the house, I'm always worried about locking the doors. The students who always complete and submit their assignments on time will almost certainly pass the course.
Brian de Palma, who directed Carrie, is most famous for his adaptation of Scarface.
How can the independent clauses of a compound sentence be joined? (Choose all that apply.) By using only a comma (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee, Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner. By using a comma and a coordinating conjunction (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee, but Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner. By using only a semi-colon (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee; Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner. By using only a period (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee. Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner. By using only a subordinating conjunction (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee while Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner.
By using a comma and a coordinating conjunction (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee, but Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner. By using only a semi-colon (such as in the example below): Clemantine lived as a refugee; Elie Wiesel lived as a prisoner.
What is the noun in the following sentence? The cat slept alone.
Cat
A group of words that contains a subject-verb unit
Clause
Identify the compound sentences. (Choose all that apply.) Although Rob turned out to be an abusive husband, he did offer the sisters some protection in the refugee camps. Rob married Claire and provided her and Clemantine a place to live with his family. Clemantine takes care of Claire's children, but Claire earns money and buys resources for them. Zach was one of Clemantine's boyfriends; Ryan was one, too.
Clemantine takes care of Claire's children, but Claire earns money and buys resources for them. Zach was one of Clemantine's boyfriends; Ryan was one, too.
The lawn, which is full of dandelions, needs to be mowed.
Complex Sentence (containing a relative type of dependent clause)
The player who scores the most goals will win a special trophy.
Complex Sentence (containing a relative type of dependent clause)
Although it did not end World War 2, the atomic bomb was a major contributor to the war's conclusion.
Complex Sentence (containing a subordinate type of dependent clause)
I meditate whenever I feel overly stressed or anxious.
Complex Sentence (containing a subordinate type of dependent clause)
Once upon a time, a girl wandered into the woods, and her brother followed.
Compound Sentence
Joins/connects grammatical units, usually to coordinate two or more of equal importance (and, but, yet, so, etc.) or to make one subordinate one to another (because, whenever, while, if, etc.)
Conjunction
An incomplete thought that depends on more information in order to be part of a sentence
Dependent Clause
An incomplete thought due to a relative pronoun; it must not be divided from the rest of the sentence by commas because it is necessary to identify a noun in the sentence
Dependent Clause (Essential Relative)
What makes a sentence "complete"?
Its first word begins with a capital letter, it contains all of the necessary internal punctuation (if any is needed), and it is completed with a mark of terminal punctuation. It is a complete thought: there are no words that signal more information is needed that is not included. It contains a subject-verb unit: a subject (what the sentence is about) connected to a verb (what the subject performs/performed/will perform, the state in which it exists, or how it is linked to a quality). It contains at least one independent clause.
fragment or a simple sentence. In other words, a fragment is any form of incomplete sentence.
Simple Sentence
Identify the simple sentences. (Choose all that apply.) My sister and I love movies but dislike going to the theater. During the evening, before bedtime, but after dinner, the nervous man received a call on his broken cell phone. I slept. Once upon a time, there were three little pigs and a big, bad wolf.
My sister and I love movies but dislike going to the theater. During the evening, before bedtime, but after dinner, the nervous man received a call on his broken cell phone. I slept. Once upon a time, there were three little pigs and a big, bad wolf.
Can a phrase added to a sentence change the sentence's structure, such as changing a compound sentence to a complex sentence? (Choose all responses that apply.) Yes — phrases are what determine a sentence's structure. No — a sentence's structure is determined only by the clauses it contains. Yes — but only an intro phrase can change a sentence's structure. No — one or more phrases can be added to any sentence without changing the sentence's structure.
No — a sentence's structure is determined only by the clauses it contains. No — one or more phrases can be added to any sentence without changing the sentence's structure.
Is the following line of text a simple sentence? If you wander through the woods.
No, because it is only a dependent clause; therefore, it is a fragment rather than a sentence.
As children, we are taught about five senses, but humans actually have many more.
Not a complex sentence (as it does not contain a dependent clause)
Lightning is an electrical discharge from clouds, and it produces a sound called thunder.
Not a complex sentence (as it does not contain a dependent clause)
People (human, kid), places (house, field), animals (dog, spider), things (bone, scissors), ideas/concepts (relativity, love, construction, ugliness)
Noun
What is the word "Struggling" used as Noun, Verb, or Adjective Years of struggling is what it took for her to become the CEO.
Noun (in the form of a gerund)
past tense verbs functioning as adjectives (the emptied jug needs to be refilled; Lucifer is a fallen angel)
Past participles
A group of words that does NOT contain a subject-verb unit
Phrase
As they appear in the following sentence, correctly identify the subject and the predicate. A healthy human body depends on water. depends on water
Predicate
As they appear in the following sentence, match each part of the sentence with its correct label. The barista sold an overpriced cup of coffee to a customer. sold a customer an overpriced cup of coffee
Predicate
Contains the verb in a clause and other information about what is happening in the clause; it is one of the two parts of a sentence that a complete sentence must contain to express a complete thought
Predicate
Used before or after a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show a relation to another word, such as arrangement, location, spatial relationship, temporal sequence, introduction of an object, etc (of, in, above, between, before, after, along, etc.)
Preposition
What tense is this in? The girl is drinking a vanilla milkshake.
Present continuous tense
-ing verbs functioning as adjectives (the police are chasing the fleeing robber)
Present participles
Replacements for nouns (I, me, us, they, it, you, etc.)
Pronoun
fragment or a simple sentence. In the morning, my dog and I eat breakfast together and go for a walk before work.
Simple Sentence
