oce test 4 ch 14

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the order Cetacea? Choose all that apply. a) Baleens are made out of the same material that makes up humans' fingernails and hair. b) The toothed whales eat fish and squid, and the baleen whales are vegetarian. c) Many species of whales were hunted to the brink of extinction, but with protection, many of them are now making a comeback. d) The gray whale is the largest mammal on Earth. e) Porpoises and dolphins are considered to be small whales.

a) Baleens are made out of the same material that makes up humans' fingernails and hair. c) Many species of whales were hunted to the brink of extinction, but with protection, many of them are now making a comeback. e) Porpoises and dolphins are considered to be small whales.

Which of the following have gas chambers that serve as floats and sails that allow the wind to push them across the ocean surface? a) Cnidarians b) Coccolithophores c) Ctenophores d) Foraminifers e) Radiolarians

a) Cnidarians

Which of the following have soft bodies that are more than 95% water? a) Cnidarians b) Coccolithophores c) Ctenophores d) Foraminifers e) Radiolarians

a) Cnidarians

A remora attaching itself to a shark to obtain food and transportation without harming its host is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? a) Commensalism b) Mutualism c) Naturalism d) Parallelism e) Parasitism

a) Commensalism

Whales evolved from a land-dwelling ancestor similar to which of the following? a) Hippopotamus b) Mastodon c) Yak d) Elephant e) Bear

a) Hippopotamus

Which of the following is not an adaptation of deep-sea fishes? a) Large body sizes b) Large mouths with sharp, needle-like teeth c) Hinged jaws d) Good sensory devices such as sensitive lateral lines e) Counter-illumination

a) Large body sizes

What happens to the swim bladder as a fish moves into deeper water? Choose all that apply. a) The gas in the swim bladder contracts, decreasing the volume of the swim bladder. b) The gas in the swim bladder expands due to increasing water pressure. c) The gas in the swim bladder contracts due to decreasing water pressure. d) The gas in the swim bladder expands, increasing the volume of the swim bladder. e) The gas in the swim bladder contracts due to increasing water pressure.

a) The gas in the swim bladder contracts, decreasing the volume of the swim bladder. e) The gas in the swim bladder contracts due to increasing water pressure.

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the order Sirenia? Choose all that apply. a) They are also called sea cows. b) Manatees live in the tropical Indian Ocean and dugongs live in the Caribbean. c) They are fast swimmers. d) They are omnivores who eat meat and plants. e) The order Sirenia includes manatees and dugongs.

a) They are also called sea cows. e) The order Sirenia includes manatees and dugongs.

Which of the following adaptations allows a fish to add or remove gases rapidly to change depths quickly? a) a swim bladder with a pneumatic duct b) The ability to exchange gases through the blood c) a rigid gas container that is an internal chambered structure d) a swim bladder without a pneumatic duct e) a rigid gas container that is an external many-chambered shel

a) a swim bladder with a pneumatic duct

Which part of the fish is most commonly used to propel high-speed fish? a) caudal fins B) pectoral fins c) pelvic fins d) dorsal fin e) anal fin

a) caudal fins

What part(s) of a fish is/are used for thunniform swimming? Choose all that apply. a) caudal fins b) pelvic fins c) anal fins d) pectoral fins e) myomeres

a) caudal fins e) myomeres

Because the area has not yet been designated as a marine sanctuary, lifeguards are allowed to do what so that people can use the beach? a) chase the harbor seals off the beach b) broadcast wolf sounds to scare the harbor seals off the beach c) install a protective fence along the beach d) instruct people to light fireworks from the beach to scare the harbor seals off the beach e) shoot the harbor seals with a stun gun

a) chase the harbor seals off the beach

What is the role of the operculum? a) covering the gills of the fish b) short bursts of fast swimming c) thunniform swimming d) buoyancy e) sensing vibrations in the water

a) covering the gills of the fish

Sea lions are easily distinguished from seals because they: a) have external ears. b) cannot rotate their front flippers forward. c) use their rear flippers for swimming. d) have a short neck. e) cannot rotate their front flippers backward.

a) have external ears.

The oxygen-storing compound in the red muscle tissue of fishes is called _________. a) myoglobin b) hemoglobin c) gamma globulin d) luciferin e0 algin

a) myoglobin

An organism such as a fish whose body temperature is nearly the same as the environment is referred to as: a) poikilothermic. b) homeothermic. c) warm-blooded. d) endothermic. e) None of the above is correct.

a) poikilothermic.

Red muscle tissue in fish is ________ and contains much ________ concentrations of myoglobin than white muscle tissue. a) thinner; higher b) thinner; lower c) thicker; higher d) thicker; lower

a) thinner; higher

Which of the following marine carnivores are flipper-footed? Choose all that apply. a) walruses b) sea otters c) seals d) sea lions e) polar bears

a) walruses c) seals d) sea lions

Which of the following compose the majority of the ocean's zooplankton biomass? a) Coccolithophores b) Copepods c) Ctenophores d) Foraminifers e) Radiolarians

b) Copepods

Which of the following have a hard exoskeleton and a segmented body with jointed legs, forked tails and distinct antennae? a) Coccolithophores b) Copepods c) Ctenophores d) Foraminifers e) Radiolarians

b) Copepods

Despite the International Whaling Commission ban on commercial whaling which of the following nations continues to hunt whales under the guise of scientific research? a) Greenland b) Japan c) Norway d) United States e) Russia

b) Japan

The stinging tentacles of a sea anemone protecting a clown fish which chases away any fish that tries to feed on the anemone is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? a) Commensalism b) Mutualism c) Naturalism d) Parallelism e) Parasitism

b) Mutualism

Which of the following is not one of the reasons bioluminescence is employed by deep-sea animals? a) Attracting food b) Warning coloration c) Predator avoidance d) Counter illumination e) Communication

b) Warning coloration

Which of the following groups of organisms are considered zooplankton? Choose all that apply. a) diatoms b) copepods c) krill d) radiolarians e) jellyfish

b) copepods c) krill d) radiolarians e) jellyfish

What style of feeding is used by whales with rorqual folds? a) filter feeding b) gulp feeding c) skim feeding d) bubble-net feeding

b) gulp feeding

What part of a fish helps it sense vibrations in the water? a) dorsal fins b) lateral lines c) caudal fins d) myomeres

b) lateral lines

Which carnivore in the SmartFigure is known to use tools to open shells? a) seals b) otters c) polar bears d) walruses e) sea lions

b) otters

What is the main opposition of having harbor seals at Children's Pool in La Jolla? a) Harbor seals have been known to roll onto sunbathers, thus causing people to be injured. b) Harbor seals are very noisy and create an unpleasant beach experience. c) Harbor seals defecate in the water, producing high levels of bacteria in the water offshore. d) Harbor seals aggressively defend the beach area, thus endangering beachgoers. e) Children can easily see harbor seals mate during harbor seal breeding activities.

c) Harbor seals defecate in the water, producing high levels of bacteria in the water offshore.

What suborder includes baleen whales? a) Odontoceti b) Rorqual c) Mysticeti d) Cetacea e) Minke

c) Mysticeti

Which of the following is the most important function of schooling in small fish? a) Invade the territory of larger species b) Moving in the same direction c) Protection from predators d) Aggressive species can't chase away the whole school e) Male fertilization of eggs released into the water

c) Protection from predators

Which of the following statements regarding Manatees is correct? a) They are short animals that can reach lengths of only up to 2 meters. b) They populate the tropical regions of the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. c) Their front flippers have nails that resemble the nails on elephant feet. d) They eat more than 50 kinds of marine life. e) Their fur is thick, and each hair is dense for better insulation.

c) Their front flippers have nails that resemble the nails on elephant feet.

Which of the following statements regarding polar bears is correct? a) They have small teeth and sharp claws, which they use for prying and killing. b) Their fur is thick, and each hair is dense for better insulation. c) They have massive webbed paws that make them excellent swimmers. d) Their diet consists mainly of walrus. e) They were hunted to the brink of extinction in the late 1800s.

c) They have massive webbed paws that make them excellent swimmers.

Which of the following statements of the Pacific Coast Feeding Group is correct? a) They do not migrate at all because they don't store enough fat to survive the migration. b) Their newborn calves are born along the Pacific coast from Washington to California. c) They spend the summer along the Pacific coast from Canada to northern California. d) They cannot survive in cold water and live year round in southern California. e) They feed primarily in cold high-latitude waters in the coastal Arctic Ocean.

c) They spend the summer along the Pacific coast from Canada to northern California.

What is a swim bladder? a) an internal organ used to maintain positive buoyancy b) an external organ used to maintain neutral buoyancy c) an internal organ used to maintain neutral buoyancy d) an internal organ used to maintain negative buoyancy e) an external organ used to maintain positive buoyancy

c) an internal organ used to maintain neutral buoyancy

Some specialized deep-sea fish have a swim bladder that is filled with what to help them stay in the deep ocean? a) calcium carbonate b) metal sulfides c) fat d) electrolytes e) salt

c) fat

What type of whale feeds primarily on amphipods and shellfish? a) right whales that capture prey by engulfing one large mouthful of water and straining the animals out b) blue whales that drag their mouth through organic-rich sediments and filter out large bottom fish c) gray whales that plunge into the muddy bottom and strain the invertebrates out d) bowhead whales that skim the surface of the water and trap the small animals in their baleen e) humpback whales that expand their rorqual folds to scoop up large mouthfuls of sediment from the sea floor

c) gray whales that plunge into the muddy bottom and strain the invertebrates out

What is the harbor seal controversy at Children's Pool in La Jolla California about? a) Should harbor seal mating activities been seen by children who occupy the beach at Children's Pool? b) Should harbor seals be allowed to burrow into sand on the beach at Children's Pool? c) Should harbor seals be allowed to claw and destroy the seawall at Children's Pool? d) Do harbor seals have the right to use the beach at Children's Pool? e) Do harbor seals and sea lions have the right to inhabit the waters offshore of Children's Pool?

d) Do harbor seals have the right to use the beach at Children's Pool?

What feeding strategy best describes that of humpback whales? a) They scoop up large quantities of sediments from the ocean floor to filter out invertebrates. b) Individual whales will chase their prey and target a few of the largest fish. c) One or more whales will blow bubbles to scare their prey into deeper waters, where they can easily catch their prey in large quantities. d) One or more individuals cooperate to corral prey using bubbles and then swim vertically to scoop up large quantities of fish. e) They cooperatively swim along the surface of the water with their mouths open to create dense patches of plankton that they all feed on.

d) One or more individuals cooperate to corral prey using bubbles and then swim vertically to scoop up large quantities of fish.

Which of the following animals compensates for not having a swim bladder by using large and flat pectoral fins and an asymmetrical caudal fin to produce lift? a) Tuna b) Nautilus c) Sepia d) Shark e) Spirula

d) Shark

What evidence exists that harbor seals have always been in the area? a) Ancient legends from native peoples who lived in the area. b) Old photographs of the area showing harbor seals. c) The name "harbor seals" is used as a local nickname for La Jolla. d) The existence of a rock offshore known as Seal Rock. e) Fossils of harbor seals found buried in the beach.

d) The existence of a rock offshore known as Seal Rock.

Which of the following statements regarding seals is correct? a) They can move around on land very well resembling speedy caterpillars. b) They lack claws that extend from their fore flippers. c) They are called the eared seals or false seals. d) They propel themselves through water by using their rear flippers. e) They can move their rear flippers underneath their bodies.

d) They propel themselves through water by using their rear flippers.

Which of the following characteristics is not found in cruising fishes such as tuna? a) They swim constantly in search of prey. b) Their muscle tissues are mostly red. c) They are capable of short periods of high-speed swimming. d) They rely on a swim bladder for neutral buoyancy. e) They tend to have lunate tails.

d) They rely on a swim bladder for neutral buoyancy.

Why was the seawall constructed in La Jolla? a) To divert sand to the beach behind the seawall so a recreational beach would develop there. b) To make a place for harbor seals and other animals to use for their birthing activities. c) To protect the coastal cliffs, which were eroding away much faster than normal. d) To create a quiet beach behind the seawall that is free of large waves so that children can safely use the beach. e) To make a boat anchorage where the yacht owners of La Jolla can easily reach their boats.

d) To create a quiet beach behind the seawall that is free of large waves so that children can safely use the beach.

The fins used by fishes primarily for maneuvering are _________. a) caudal and anal b) dorsal and anal c) dorsal and myomere d) pectoral and pelvic e) dorsal and caudal

d) pectoral and pelvic

What type of whale captures prey by swimming at the surface with its mouth open to trap plankton in the fringe of its baleen? a) filter-feeding gray whales b) bubble-net-feeding humpback whales c) gulp-feeding blue whales d) skim-feeding right whales e) skim-feeding minke whales

d) skim-feeding right whales

Which of the following affect the ability of species to capture food? a) body length b) circulatory system c) speed d) body temperature e) All the above affect the ability of pelagic organisms to capture food.

e) All the above affect the ability of pelagic organisms to capture food.

An isopods attaching itself to a fish and derive its nutrition from the body fluids of the fish, robbing it of some of its energy supply, is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? a) Commensalism b) Mutualism c) Naturalism d) Parallelism e) Parasitism

e) Parasitism

Which of the following are single-celled, microscopic protozoans that build their hard shells out of silica? a) Coccolithophores b) Copepods c) Ctenophores d) Foraminifers e) Radiolarians

e) Radiolarians

What would happen to a fish with a body less dense than the surrounding seawater? a) The fish would get dehydrated due to decreased osmosis. b) The fish would sink to the ocean floor. c) The fish would freeze because it would not be able to absorb heat as readily. d) The fish would get dehydrated due to increased osmosis. e) The fish would float on the ocean surface.

e) The fish would float on the ocean surface.

Which of the following statements regarding sea otters is correct? a) They are some of the largest marine mammals. b) Their bodies are covered with sparse hairs, which are concentrated around the mouth. c) They continually lick themselves to clean their fur and add an insulating layer of air. d) They no longer inhabit all areas where they were hunted. e) They are one of the few types of animals known to use tools.

e) They are one of the few types of animals known to use tools.

What is baleen made of? a) blood b) bone c) fingernails d) hair e) keratin

e) keratin

The stinging cells used by cnidarians to capture prey are called _________. a) blastocysts b) photophores c) chromatophores d) Macrocystis e) nematocysts

e) nematocysts