oce1001 ch 7

Of the following locations, where would upwelling be expected to occur? Choose all that apply.

-Where there is a sharp bend in a coastline -Where seamounts or tablemounts are present -In areas of diverging surface currents

The West Wind Drift is a part of which of the following subtropical gyres? Choose all that apply.

-both south -indian

To produce a surface current of 1.6 knots in the open ocean, a steady wind of _____ knots would be required.

80

The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is:

Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water.

Of the following surface currents, which one(s) transport large volumes of warm water to higher latitudes? Choose all that apply.

Brazil, Kurisho, the Gulf

The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

The Peru (Humboldt) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

Which of the following methods are used to measure deep ocean currents directly?

Free-drifting argo floats

Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world?

Humboldt Current

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?

Pressure gradients

Indian Ocean currents that are generated by seasonal changes in weather patterns are the __________ and __________ Currents.

Somali/Southwest Monsoon

Which of the following statements is true of surface ocean currents?

Surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called "gyres."

Which of the following is the only current that completely circumscribes Earth?

antarctic circumpolar

Which of the following is a western boundary current?

brazil current

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are:

broad and slow

Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being arid?

california current

When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a:

cold core ring

Converging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.

downwelling, low

Coastal winds can cause upwelling or downwelling due to which of the following?

ekman transport

The observation that ships and icebergs in the southern hemisphere float to the left of the wind direction is an example of which of the following?

ekman transport

The North Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

equatorial

Which of the following currents contributes to the South Eastern United States being humid?

gulf stream

Deep-water currents move ________ volumes of water and are much ________ than surface currents.

larger; slower

The Sargasso Sea is the water that circulates around the rotation center of the ________ gyre.

north atlantic

The North Pacific Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

northern

The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

northern boundary current

Ocean surface currents transfer about ________ of the total amount of heat from the tropics to the poles.

one-third

Which ocean condition(s) would result in downwelling?

onshore ekman transport

Warm currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce warm, humid conditions.

poleward, eastern

Records indicate that the ocean is warming faster in the Arctic polar regions than elsewhere. If that continues, a possible consequence could be __________.

slowing of deep ocean circulation, resulting in lower oxygen levels in deep water

Between summer and winter, which of the following currents reverses its flow direction?

somali current

Sources of deep water in the ocean include all of the following except:

subtropical convergences.

In comparison to wind energy, ocean currents can generate more clean, renewable energy because __________.

the density of water is greater than that of air

Deep ocean current movement is also known as __________.

thermohaline flow

In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is always:

to the left of the original

Cold currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce arid conditions.

toward the equator, western

Equatorial currents are driven by the:

trade winds

About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface?

two

Which of the following is true of surface water circulation near Antarctica?

two circumpolar currents dominate it

Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich bottom water through:

upwelling

Diverging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.

upwelling, high

The largest of the great ocean surface currents is the __________.

west wind drift

Which subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower and deeper than its counterparts?

western

The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents?

western boundary current

The Kuroshio (Japan) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

western boundary current

Warm core rings and cold core rings are associated with __________.

western boundary currents

Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.

wind; the Coriolis effect and land

An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a/an ________ in salinity.

decrease, increase

Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ .

density differences

Of the following gyres, which one(s) flow in a counterclockwise direction? Choose all that apply.

everything except north pacific and north atlantic

During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean:

flow from land to sea and are dry.

Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect?

geostrophic circulation

Which of the following two factors cause geostrophic circulation within a gyre?

gravity and Coriolis effect

Deep-water circulation brings oxygen from the surface to the deep ocean because of:

greater dissolution of oxygen in colder water than warmer water.

The El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as:

the relationship

The Ekman spiral is caused by:

the wind and the Coriolis effect.