Oceanography Ch. 5

The states of matter in which water exists is primarily determined by?

Temperature

Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring water molecules because of?

The polarity of water molecules

Which of the following best defines melting point?

The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a ?

Change in state

The density curve for high latitudes shows __________ density at the surface and __________ density at depth

Decreased; increased

What describes hydrogen bonding?

Electrostatic attraction between charged areas of adjacent molecules

Of all the following processes which one increases the salinity of water?

Evaporation

An area of the ocean where rapid change in ocean density occurs with a change in depth is the ?

Pycnocline

A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the?

Thermocline

Sea surface salinity is greatest at which of the following latitudes?

25 degrees

The average salinity of typical seawater is?

3.5%

As the salinity of seawater increases, its?

Density increases

Which of the following occurs at the same temperature as the boiling point?

Freezing point

A layer of rapidly changing salinity with depth is called a?

Halocline

A beaker contains a mixture of ice and pure liquid water at 0 degrees C. What happens to the temperature of the liquid water as heat is added?

It remains constant until the ice melts, and then its begins to rise

Which property of water causes coastal communities to have only moderate differences in daily highs and lows when compared to inland communities?

High heat capacity

In comparison to most other liquids, the heat capacity of liquid water is?

Higher than other liquids

The transfer of water between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the continents is known a the?

Hydrologic cycle

The salinity curve for low latitudes shows _________ salinity at the surface and __________ salinity at depth

Increased; decreased

The surface tension of water?

Increases as density decreases

Many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water?

Is a polar molecule

Define temperature?

The direct measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance's molecules

Define latent heat?

The energy needed to break the intermolecular bonds that hold molecules in place

Define heat?

The energy transfer from one body to another due to a difference in temperature