Oceanography Chapter 4

The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is:

Neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits

Pelagic clays contain lots of material that settles to the seafloor through the water column and are:

less than 30% biogenous material

Sediments found on continental margins are called:

neritic

The study of how the ocean, atmosphere, and land have interacted in the past to produce changes in ocean chemistry, circulation, biology, and climate is called

paleoceanography

The term referring to the size and shape of sediment particles is

texture

Abyssal clay is an example of which of the following sediment types?

Lithogenous Sediment

Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types

Lithogenous Sediment

Terrigenous sediment is another name for which of the following?

Lithogenous Sediment

Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by:

A glacier

The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called

Productivity

Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are called:

biogenous

The dissolution of the thick tests of foraminifers below the CCD is an example of the _____ of biogenous sediment

destruction

The deposition of coarse-grained lithogenous material in neritic environments along continental margins is an example of the _____ of biogenous sediment

dilution

What percentage of the rocks exposed on the continents originated as sedimentarty rocks deposited in ancient ocean environments

More than 50 percent

Calcite dissolves more readily in seawater that is ________ in temperature and ________ in pressure.

Colder; higher

Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called:

Cosmogenous

Which of the following is a biogenous sediment A)Beach Sand B)Diatom ooze C)Glacial Deposits D)Clays

B)Diatom ooze

Which of the following contain calcium carbonate (CaC03) A)Diatoms B)Foraminiferans C)Radiolarians D)Phosphorites

B)Foraminiferans

Which of the following contains silica (SIO2) A)Coccolithophores B)Radiolarians C)Forminiferans D)Phosphorites

B)Radiolarians

High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following? A)Clay-sized particles B)Cosmogenous Sediments C)Large particles such as gravel D)Silt-sized particles

C)Large particles such as gravel c

Which of the following is a biogenous sediment A)Evaporites B)Halites C)Manganese nodule D)Phosphates E)Stromatolites

E)Stromatolites

Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called:

Hydrogenous

Sediment that begins as rock on continents or islands is called

Lithogenous (terrigenous) Sediment

Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types?

Lithogenous sediment

Calcium Carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which Characteristics

Lots of carbon dioxide and colder temperatures

Ocean sediments consist of particles that have slowly settled out of the water by which of the following the processes?

Suspension settling